Elements of news: N = News Worthiness. E = Emphasis of News. W = Who? What? Where? When? Why? S = Source of News.

Main points:
1. Truthfully. 2. Loyalty to citizen. 3. Independent. 4. Able to rectify. 5. Significant , Relevant , Accurate

Skills of Reporter:
1. Dedication for Accuracy. 2. A nose for Gathering News. 3. Persistent. 4. Resourceful or Links. 5. Good Memory. 6. Pressure Handling. 7. Brave and Active. 8. Mingle with people. 9. Freshness of mind. 10. Responsible.

Cod of Ethics:
1. Not to as use personal benefit. 2. News to be Objective and Aimful. 3. No distortion news. 4. No obscenity in picture. 5. Nothing to disgrace integrity of state. 6. People should not be incited to violence. 7. Unbiased comments. 8. No money should be accepted. 9. No false accusation. 10. No personal life should be disturb. 11. Genuine complaints ( agitation). 12. Nothing against the religion , believes , norms and values.

Reporting Beats:
1. Crime Reporting. 2. Investigative Reporting. 3. Court Reporting. 4. Accident Reporting. 5. Political Reporting. 6. Fashion Reporting. 7. Business Reporting.

8. Sports Reporting. 9. Social or Religious Reporting. 10. Environment Reporting. 11. Disaster Reporting. 12. International Reporting.

Qualities of Sub-Editor:
1. Well Educated. 2. Information about historical , political , important personality 3. Evaluate/ Judgment of important news story. 4. Headline written by the sub-editor. 5. Currant Affair knowledge to sub-editor. 6. Weigh all facts ( Decion making qualities). 7. Editing known by sub-editor

Function of sub-editor:
1. Accurate by background history , facts , grammar and language. 2. Eliminate verbosity. 3. Simplifies. 4. Adequate present facts. 5. Trim the story. 6. Conform the newspaper style. 7. Conform the newspaper policy. 8. Selection of news. 9. Summarizing reports. 10. Guideline for national interest. 11. Translation. 12. Replacement of the news. 13. Polish / Improve / Transform. 14. Catch line / Identifying labels. 15. Libelous elimination ( 1-3 ) words.

Art of Taking Interview:

1. Inquisitive mind. 2. Other side of the picture. 3. Home work. ( interview). 4. Manner / Politeness / Well dress. 5. Show interest. 6. Men on street. 7. Note Book / Tape Recorder. 8. Informing Reporting. 9. Prepare Question without sequence. 10. Time Management. 11. Positive Question. 12. Well Educated.

Unwilling Interview:
1. Maneuver Answers. 2. Note Book / Tape Recorder / Nothing

3. Cover Story = Publicity 4. Wrap the interview.

Press Release:
1. Information given to the press by govt. , semi govt. and private organization. 2. Print media and Electronic media both receive press release. 3. Press release is usually brief. 4. Press release is usually factual. 5. Press release is usually journalistic. 6. Press release is lot like news story. 7. Brief Headings , intro , body summery of facts. 8. Press release can be altered according to the necessity and condensed. 9. Sub-Editor is responsible in giving the press release a shape according to his media policy. 10. Authors of the press release are usually journalists. 11. Press release is free publicity for the organization. 12. Press release is a news for media. 13. Press release is the interest of the organization. 14. Facts have to be conformed from the organization. 15. Press release has to be on the letter head of the organization. 16. Not obligated on the sub editor to use the exact words. 17. Sub-Editor re-write the press release keep in mind his papers style. 18. Sub-Editor cannot take press release on its face value has to dig for real facts.

Interpretative Reporting:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. It is opinion making journalism. Journalism interprets issues and events of news. Gives a background and future impacts of the news. It is not limited to 5 `w`. `Why` Interpretative Reporting requires investigation. It is not just the presentation of facts. It is placement of facts in such a way that it conceptualized for the audience. A news is not just an event it is part of series of events and interpretative reporting explain that series. Journalism act as a middle man for two opposing ideas, Concepts, opinions, and bring about a rational collective decision making. It aids communication and permotes understanding. It brings out the problems of minorities and social problems.