The modern classification of tuberculosis is based on: 1) pathogenesis principle; 2) morphological principle;.

3) clinical and radiological principle; 4) clinical and immunological principle. 3 What is related to the criteria of tuberculous intoxication as agreed by the clinical classification of tuberculosis: 1) syndrome of functional changes in the early period of primary tuberculosis infection; 2) preservation of intoxication syndrome after standard course of treatment with one drug; 3) absence of local forms of tuberculosis but with signs of the disease. 1 2 3 The concept of virage/convertion of tubercular sensitivity includes: 1) the first manifestation of positive tuberculin probe after being earlier negative or doubtful; 2) increase of sensitivity to tuberculin by 6 mm and more on the background of declining post vaccination allergy; 3) the early period of primary tubercular infection. 1 Choose the correct formulation of primary tuberculosis: 1) first manifestation of tubercular changes in lungs; 2) disease of patient infected by mycobacterium tuberculosis of human type; 3) disease of patient with positive reaction to Mantoux test;

4) disease of the patient due to contact with tuberculous patients; 5) new disease in adult, who had tuberculosis in childhood. 2 Early sign of primary period of tuberculosis infection is: 1) positive reaction to Mantoux test; 2) tuberculous lesion of intrathoraciclymph nodes; 3) hyperergic reaction to tuberculin; 4) conversion of Mantoux test; 5) increase of allergy to tuberculin. 4 Nodulous erythema can be a symptom of all listed diseases, except: 1) sarcoidosis; 2) yersiniosis; 3) rheumatism; 4) typhoid fever; 5) primary tuberculosis. 4 A basic cause of transition of primary infection into tuberculosis is: 1) 2) 3) massive super infection; adverse premorbid conditions and frequent intercurrent diseases; weakening of the post vaccination immunity;

4) absence of differential preventive treatment in the early period of primary tuberculous infection.

1 2

3 4 Basic methods of revealing patients with tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes are: 1) 2) 3) 4) fluorographic investigation; inspection on contact; according to the clinical symptoms of disease; tuberculin diagnostic.

1 2 4 During the phase of infiltration the small form of tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes: 1) can be revealed only by means of radiography according to visible signs; 2) can be revealed by means of indirect signs of radiography. 1 The tuberculosis of children during early age is mainly revealed by: 1) 2) 3) 4) 1 3 4 The primary tubercular complex is the: 1) primary tuberculosis characterized by presence of tubercular changes method of tuberculin diagnostic; during fluorographic investigation; clinical symptoms of disease; during inspection on contact.

in lungs; 2) tuberculosis characterized by the presence of infiltration in lungs, an inflammatory path to the root of the lungs and regional lymphadenitis; 3) tuberculosis of the primary period characterized by the presence of a focus or infiltration in lungs, an inflammatory path and regional lymphadenitis. 3 The primary tubercular complex is more often observed in the territories: 1) 2) 3) 4) 1 What is most typical for uncomplicated primary complex: 1) 2) 3) 4) 4 The non complicated primary complex is characterized by the following radiologicalsigns: 1) expansion and slurring of structures of the shadow of lung root; dry cough; moist cough; chest pains; syndrome of intoxication. with high incidence of tuberculosis; with average level of tuberculosis incidence; with low level of tuberculosis incidence; with any levels of tuberculosis incidence.

2) homogeneous opacity occupying the lung segment with reduction in its volume; 3) 4) 5) 6) homogeneous section of opacity in the lung with indistinct contours; group of the soft foci in one segment of the lungs; group of the soft foci in different segments of lungs; inflammatory path to a root.

1 3 6 The primary tubercular complex is most often necessary to differentiate with: 1) 2) 3) 4) 2 With which lymphatic diseases can tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes be differentiated: 1) 2) 3) 4) 1 2 3 4 Choose the correct formulation of disseminated tuberculosis of respiratory organs: 1) bilateral extensive opacity in the lungs; 2) total unilateral focal damage of the lungs; 3) bilateral limited or widespread damage of the lungs with prevalence of foci and interstitial changes; nonspecific lymphadenitis; lymphogranulamatosis; sarcoidosis; malignant tumor. lung cancer with metastasis in lymph nodes of lungs; acute pneumonia; malformation of the lungs; eosinophilic infiltration.

4) unilateral focal damage of lobe of lung; 5) cavernous damage of the superior lobe of one lung with focal dissemination of inferior part of both lungs. 3 What anatomical structure of respiratory organs is firstly damaged during hematogenic-disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis: 1) interstitial tissue; 2) lung parenchyma; 3) bronchi; 4) pleura; 5) intrathoracic lymph nodes. 2 Miliary pulmonary tuberculosis is characterized by: 1) abundant mycobacterium expectoration; 2) poor mycobacterium expectoration; 3) absence of mycobacterium expectoration; 4) periodic mycobacterium expectoration. 2 Reaction of tuberculin on the patient with miliary tuberculosis during the beginning of the disease: 1) positive; 2) hyperergic; 3) misinterpreted; 4) hypoergic; 5) negative. 5

First manifestations of acute hematogenic disseminated (miliary) pulmonary tuberculosis are all listed, except for : 1) 2) 3) 4) 3 The basic clinical symptoms of bronchogenic disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis are: 1) 2) 3) 1 2 3 The focal pulmonary tuberculosis is: 1) the tubercular process of the limited extent; cough; dyspnoea; rise in body temperature. the increase in temperature till high levels; insignificant usual dry coughs; strong coughs with poor sputum; manifestations of dispnea and tachycardia.

2) the tubercular process characterized by an effaced clinical picture at revealing and torpid course; 3) tubercular process characterized by the presence of focal changes in lungs. 1 2 3 In which segments of lungs is focal tuberculosis located: 1) 3, 4, 5, 6; 2) 1, 2, 6; 3) 1, 2;

4) 6; 5) 8, 9. 2 The basic method of revealing focal pulmonary tuberculosis in adults is: 1) prophylactic fluorography; 2) diagnostic fluorography; 3) tuberculin diagnosis; 4) the microbiological examination for mycobacterium expectoration; 5) radiography. 1 Without pronounced clinical symptoms and no changes, revealed at physical examination proceeds more often: 1) focal pulmonary tuberculosis; 2) infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis; 3) disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis; 4) fibro-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis; 5) cirrhotic pulmonary tuberculosis. 1 Focal pulmonary tuberculosis is necessary to differentiate with the following diseases: 1) focal pneumonia; 2) lung tumor; 3) sarcoidosis. 1 2 The basic method of revealing infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis, is: 1) prophylactic fluorography;

2) diagnostic fluorography; 3) tuberculin diagnosis; 4) computer tomography; 5) microbiological examination of sputum to reveal mycobacterium tuberculosis. 2 Which segments of the lungs infiltrative tuberculosis is located more often: 1) 1, 2; 2) 3, 4, 5, 6; 3) 6; 4) 1, 2, 6; 5) 8, 9. 4 Infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis is necessary to differentiate with all listed diseases, except for: 1) pneumonia; 2) lung cancer; 3) sarcoidosis; 4) eosinophilic pneumonia; 5) atelectasis. 3 Cloudy like infiltration is characterized by: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) clinical signs of pneumonia; clinical symptoms of bronchitis; absence of clinical manifestations; pains on the side of damage; rise in body temperature.

1 4 5 Clinical radiological syndrome of cloudy infiltration in lungs requires differential diagnostics with: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 1 2 5 Lung tuberculoma is represented as: 1) focus of caseous necrosis of size more than 1 cm, surrounded by a zone of specific granulated tissue; 2) focus of caseous necrosis of size more than 1 cm, surrounded by a zone of specific and nonspecific inflammation. 2 It is necessary to differentiate lung tuberculoma with all listed diseases, except: 1) lung cancer; 2) sarcoidosis; 3) metastasis of cancer; 4) benign tumor; 5) non specific pneumonia. 2 The most reliable method for diagnosis of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis pneumonia; lung cancer; lung sarcoidosis; retention cyst; pneumonia with abscess.

is: 1) fluorography; 2) X-ray; 3) tomography; 4) ultrasonic sound; 5) radioisotope imaging. 3 Which diagnosis cannot be attributed to destructive tuberculosis: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 1 What are the characteristics of cavernous tuberculosis of lungs during radiographic investigation: 1) round shadows with distinct clear contours; 2) cavity with indistinct internal or external bordered walls; 3) non-homogenic shadowing of the structures; 4) rounded cavity with an uniform thin wall with distinct internal and external contours; 5) cavity of irregular form with non-uniform thickness of the wall. 4 What is usually dominant in the clinical picture of cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis: 1) pronounced intoxication symptoms; 2) wavelike course of disease; focal pulmonary tuberculosis in the phase of infiltration; fibro-cavernous tuberculosis in the phase of infiltration; infiltrative tuberculosis in the phase of disintegration; tuberculoma in the phase of disintegration; cavernous tuberculosis of the lungs.

3) symptoms of cardio-pulmonary failure; 4) poorly expressed symptoms of intoxication; 5) broncho-spastic syndrome. 4 What is the most reliable radiological sign indicating cavity in lung of tubercular genesis: 1) presence of the horizontal level of li-quid; 2) thickening of the draining bronchus wall; 3) foci of bronchogenic dissemination; 4) presence of sequestration; 5) localization of a cavity in the upper lobe. 3 All the listed diseases can be differentiated with cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis except 1) cavernous lung cancer; 2) abscess; 3) infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis in the phase of disintegration to 4) polycystosis; 5) fibro-cavernous tuberculosis. 4 Which of the following promotes the transition of recent destructive tuberculosis into fibro-cavernous: 1) initial severe form of disease; 2) serious concomitant diseases; 3) bad tolerance of the patient to drugs and drug resistance mycobacterium. 1 2

3 Which drug is useful in the trial treatment to differentiate destructive tuberculosis with abscess: 1) rifampicin; 2) penicillin; 3) ftorphenolon; 4) streptomycin; 5) isoniazid. 2 Cirrhotic pulmonary tuberculosis is characterized by all listed features, except for: 1) development of widespread fibrotic changes in the lungs and pleura; 2) damage of functions of the lungs and pleura; 3) loss of activity of tubercular process 4) preservation of activity of tubercular process; 5) periodic mycobacterium expectoration. 3 What are the basic radiological signs of lung cirrhosis and its parts: 1) reduction in volume, redundancy and deformation of pulmonary picture, loss of ventilation in the damaged site of lungs; 2) 3) increase in ventilation of the undamaged parts of lungs; deformation, dilatation and stenosis of bronchi;

4) displacement and deformation of the lung and displacement of the mediastinum towards the side of damage. 1 2 3 4

How can the radiological picture of pleural effusion be determined: 1) 2) 3) 1 2 The main symptom in clinical picture of tuberculosis of a trachea, of the main and accessory bronchial tube is: 1) 2) 3) 3 The complaints of the patient with tuberculosis of the respiratory organs: 1) are too subjective and do not reflect the true clinical picture of the disease; 2) they only partially reflect the true clinical signs and symptoms of the disease; 3) objectively and in a sufficient measure they reflect the true clinical picture of disease. 2 The value of the subjective feelings of patient (complaints are growing up): 1) with the sharp beginning of the disease; 2) with the gradual beginning of the disease; 3) during the chronic course of process. 1 Complaints of the patient with tuberculosis: 1) are specific for this illness and makes it possible in using them to conduct differential diagnosis with other pulmonary pathology; fever; productive cough with mucous sputum; characteristic dry cough. by the quantity (amount) of accumulated exudates; by the presence of pleural adhesion; by the characteristic pathology in lungs.

2) they have features of specificity that make it possible to suspect tuberculosis of the respiratory organs; 3) they are nonspecific and they do not make it possible with the confidence to judge nature of disease. 2 The forms of pulmonary tuberculosis, accompanied with the massive multiplication of MBT in the tissues and with the expressed exudative reaction in the foci of lesion are revealed with the aid: 1) 2) 3) 1 2 3 Tuberculosis of the respiratory organs is characterized by: 1) 2) 3) 2 With tuberculosis of the respiratory organs, the changes between clinical data and those discovered on X-ray examination are as a rule: 1) in complete correspondence; 2) there is no complete correspondence clinical symptoms that are more informative; 3) there is no complete correspondence X-ray changes are more extensive. 3 Which forms of tuberculosis produces few symptoms: 1) focal pulmonary tuberculosis; the sharp beginning of the disease; the sub acute beginning of the disease; the asymptomatic beginning of disease. of the clinical methods of examination; of the fluorographic methods of examination; of the laboratory methods of examination.

2) infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis; 3) disseminated tuberculosis; 4) fibrous- cavernous tuberculosis; 5) cirrhotic tuberculosis. 1 The diagnosis made by using the tuberculin test is subdivided into: 1) mass; 2) individual; 3) clinical; 4) provocative. 1 2 3 4 The basic purpose of mass Mantoux test is: 1) revealing tuberculosis in children; 2) allocation of groups with increased risk of additional examination; 3) selection of groups of patients for BCG vaccination and revaccination; 4) selection of patients for hospital treatment.

3 Tuberculins are the: 1) preparations, capable to cause specific allergic reaction on the skin among infected or vaccinated persons; 2) preparations, allowing to reveal only infected patient; 3) specific allergens. 1

In Russia the following kinds of tuberculins are used: 1. (Alt Koch tuberculin); 2. PPD-L. 2 Tuberculin should have: 1) specificity; 2) biological activity; 3) ability for standardization; 4) high degree of purity from ballast substances and exact ability for dosing. 1 2 3 4 In out-patient conditions is used only: 1) Mantoux test with 2 TU and the skin graduated test; 2) ntoux test with 100 TU; 3) Koch test. 1 Reaction to introduction of tuberculin can be: 1) focal; 2) general; 3) local. 1 2 3 Specify time of development of reaction after intradermal introduction of tuberculin in MBT infected patients:

1) 2 weeks; 2) 8 weeks; 3) 72 hours; 4) 24 hours; 5) 12 hours. 3 Mantoux test with 2 TU is considered positive if diameter of infiltrate is: 1) 1-2 mm; 2) 3-4 mm; 3) 5 mm and more. 3 The concept of "allergy" at tuberculosis includes: 1) insignificant increase of the generalsensitivity to tuberculin; 2) complex of the specific factors, changing sensitivity to tuberculin 2 Among main causes producing hyperergic sensitivity to tuberculin are: 1) disease by tuberculosis; 2) activation of a tuberculosis infection in an organism; 3) increase in level of specific sensibilization of organism owing to a super infection, and also the active form of tuberculosis; 4) factor of nonspecific allergy. 3 Among criteria of differential diagnostics post vaccination and an infectious allergy to tuberculin, the most important is: 1) presence or absence of BCG vaccination; 2) time past after BCG vaccination; 3) presence and the size of post vaccination mark;

4) information about contact and symptoms, suspicious for tuberculosis. 1 2 3 4 As the basic criteria of concept virage/conversion of sensitivity to tuberculin can indicate: 1) transition from negative reaction to positive; 2) occurrence for the first time positive test under condition of annual Mantoux Testing; 3) occurrence for the first time positive Mantoux test before being negative in this year. 1 2 3 Among children of early age negative tuberculin tests: 1) 2) 3) 1 The basic methods of revealing tuberculosis in children are: 1) mass tuberculin test; 2) fluorography; 3) examination for tuberculosis at risk groups; 4) examination for tuberculosis of the persons who have referred to the phthisiatrist. 1 Laboratory methods of mycobacterium allow to exclude primary infection; are the proof of an inefficiency of BCG vaccination; tuberculin testing is not the criteria for primary infection.

tuberculosis diagnosis. The basic qualitative and quantitative methods of determining mycobacterium tuberculosis are all enumerated below, except: 1) ZielNielsen's method; 2) luminescent method; 3) immunologic method. 3 The most common methods for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis includes all those enumerated below, except: 1) bacterioscopy; 2) cultivation on nutrient medial; 3) enrichment method. 3 In out-patient dispensary practice, bronchial tuberculosis in patients with cough and sputum expectoration is usually diagnosed with the help of: 1) 2) 3) 1 3 Definition of drug sensitivity is basically pursue the following purposes: 1) selection of anti-tubercular preparations for treatment; 2) maintenance of clinically helpful information for individual correction of chemotherapeutic tactics; 3) epidemiological monitoring; 4) scientific studies. 1 2 bacteriological methods; roentgenological methods; bronchologic investigation.

3 4 The resistant tuberculosis (drug resistant) this is a case of lung tuberculosis when: 1) patients expectorates mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to single antitubercular preparation; 2) patient expectorates mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to several antitubercular preparations; 3) clinical signs of tuberculosis does not change at antibacterial therapy. 1 2 3 The diagnosis of primary drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis is established if: 1) resistance of mycobacterium, which has been found out, from the patient never treated before with antituberculosis drugs; 2) resistance of mycobacterium, revealed in the patient treated with antitubercular drugs no more than 4 weeks; 3) infection by resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis. 1 2 3 Acquired (secondary) resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis is: 1) drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis developed during treatment of tuberculosis; 2) drug resistance, which is revealed among mycobacterium, produced from the patient never taking antitubercular preparations before; 3) infection by resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis. 1

2 Multi drug resistance tuberculosis is: 1) resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis to one antitubercular drug; 2) resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis to several antituberculosis drug. 2 The diagnosis of primary drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis is established if: 1) resistance of mycobacterium, which has been found out, from the patient who was never treated before with anti-tubercular drugs; 2) resistance of mycobacterium, revealed in patient treated with antitubercular drugs during several courses of chemotherapy. 2 Resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis to chemopreparations is formed due to 1) selection of the forms mycobacterium most resistant to drug products; 2) mutation sudden (spontaneous) changes of properties of mycobacterium; 3) survival of resistant mycobacterium to anti-tubercular drugs. 1 2 3 Acquired (secondary) resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis is: 1) drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis developed during treatment of tuberculosis; 2) drug resistance, which is revealed among mycobacterium, produced from the patient who has never takes anti-tubercular preparations; 3) infection by resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis. 1 During treatment with single or with combination of inadequately chosen

anti-tubercular drugs, resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis is developed in: 1) 2-3 weeks; 2) 2-3 months; 3) in one year. 1 At the present of the most dangerous forms of multidrug-resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis is: 1) simultaneous drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis to several anti-tubercular preparations; 2) drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis to rifampicin and isoniazid. 2 The main reason for developing of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is: 1) random processes; 2) activity of a human being; 3) ability of mycobacterium tuberculosis to genetic mutability. 3 What are the most often reasons for development of drug resistant MBT: 1) in proper prescription of anti-tubercular drugs; 2) absence of regular supply by anti-tubercular drugs; 3) inefficient anti-tubercular chemotherapy. 1 2 3 Formation of resistance by MBT to anti-tubercular drugs is caused by: 1) distribution of various substances in nature by various human activities; 2) natural abilities of mycobacterium tuberculosis to genetic mutations;

3) inadequate treatment (including interruption) with anti-tubercular drugs; 4) long treatment by single anti-tubercular preparation. 1 2 3 4 The manifestation of pathologic changes in the clinical analysis of the blood and in a number of the biochemical indices of the blood and its serum is determined by all following indices, except: 1) of the prevalence of the lesions in the lungs; 2) of presence and manifestation of exudative and caseous lesions; 3) of the duration of the tubercular pro-cess. 3 Biochemical parameters of blood correlate with severity of tuberculosis: 1) yes; 2) no. 1 X-ray examination of respiratory organs diseases should begin with: 1) fluorography with anteriorposterior and lateral projections; 2) radioscopy in various projections; 3) general view radiography in anteriorposterior and lateral projections; 4) tomography of lungs in anteriorposterior and lateral projections; 5) tomography of mediastinum in anteriorposterior and lateral projections. 3 At an estimation of technical quality of the general view X- ray of respiratory organs the degree of X-ray intensity is considered normal if: 1) well defined bodies of three-four thoracic vertebra are seen;

2) well defined intervertebral disks are seen; 3) spinal cord is outlined on a background of the mediastinum shadow; 4) the structure of bone elements is not seen. 1 At X-ray anatomy analysis of the thoracic cavity general view at anteriorposterior projection, it is necessary to take into consideration: 1) condition of soft tissues; 2) condition of the skeleton; 3) condition of lung roots, lung structures and lung fields; 4) condition of mediastinum, diaphragm, costal-diaphragm sinuses. 1 2 3 4 The frontal view tomography of lung roots and mediastinum allows to receive the information: 1) about the condition of mediastinal lymphatic nodes; 2) about condition of lumen of trachea and large bronchial tubes; 3) about condition of large vessels. 1 2 3 At the description of shadows in lungs, without considering its anatomic structures, it is necessary to notify: 1) localization and character of a shadow; 2) quantity of shadows, their size and the forms; 3) contour of a shadow, its intensity and structure;

4) condition of surrounding background. 1 2 3 4 As a result of the x-ray report it is necessary to notify: 1) localization of process; 2) spreading of the process; 3) activity of the process (its phase); 4) character of the process: an inflamamation, a tumor, atelectasis, etc.

1 2 3 4 The basic method of early revealing of tuberculosis among adults in Russia is: 1) mass tuberculin test; 2) mass fluorography and fluorography of decreeted (established) population groups; 3) mass preventive examinations; 4) mass bacteriological examinations. 2 Bronchoscopy for tuberculous patients is recommended: 1) at forms of lung tuberculosis, proceeding with destruction and mycobacterium tuberculosis expectoration; 2) at preoperative examination of the patients;

3) at tubercular pleurisies and tuberculosis of mediastinal lymphatic nodes; 4) at mycobacterium expectoration from the focuses of unclear localization. 1 2 3 4 Thoracoscopy is recommended: 1) at effusion pleurisies of unclear etio-logy; 2) at effusion pleurisies of a malignant nature. 1 The biopsy material, received with the help aspiration catheterization, is examined by the method of: 1) histology and cytology; 2) cytology and biochemistry; 3) biochemistry and morphology; 4) bacteriology and biochemistry; 5) cytology and bacteriology. 5 Principles of tuberculosis treatment

Therapeutic tactics at tuberculosis is determined by: 1) with the age of the patients; 2) with the clinical form of tuberculosis and with the presence of destructive lesions; 3) with the presence of massive MBT expectoration; 4) with the presence of the associated diseases and by their

character. 1 2 3 4

Under complex treatment of tuberculosis patient is regarded: 1) the simultaneous use of a number of therapeutic means and methods; 2) the use of therapeutic means and methods, directed toward the same components of pathologic process; 3) the use of therapeutic means and methods, directed both on the agent of disease, and to different components and mechanisms of the arised pathologic process. 3 Purpose of the complex treatment of tuberculosis patient consists of: 1) action on the infectious agent of the disease; 2) an improvement in pharmacokinetics of chemical preparations and an increase their concentration in the basic zone of specific process; 3) raising the level of defense factors of the patients organism, improvement of the reparative and normalization of the metabolic processes; 4) reduction in the manifestation of the chemical preparations side effect action.

1 2 3 4 The goal of pathogenetic therapy of tuberculosis has: 1) to increase the resistibility of the organism;

2) to increase concentration of the chemical preparation in the focus of lesion; 3) to slow down the formation of a scar tissue; 4) to suppress or to strengthen inflammatory reaction. 1 2 3 4 Constitutive elements of combined treatment is: 1) chemotherapy; 2) the pathogenetic therapy; 3) symptomatic therapy and the treatment of emergencies; 4) surgical treatment. 1 2 3 4 The selection of chemotherapy mode based on following: 1) the duration of tubercular process; 2) the form and the phase of tuberculosis; 3) whether chemotherapy is conducted earlier in the patient. 2 3 The purpose of combined chemotherapy in the patients with tuberculosis is: 1) the shortening of the duration of treatment; 2) an increase in its effectiveness; 3) the prevention of the development of the mycobacterium drug resistance.

2 3 Chemotherapy of tuberculosis it is: 1) the method of treating tuberculosis with the help of different chemopreparations; 2) the method of action on the agent of the disease; 3) the leading method of tuberculosis treatment. 1 2 3 The duration of patient treatment in the hospital is determined by: 1) the character of tubercular process and its complications; 2) the presence of the concomitant diseases; 3) how quickly radiological signs of improvement appeared and how quickly bacterial expectoration stopped; 4) tolerance to chemotherapy. 1 2 3 4 The duration of the treatment of the tuberculosis patient is determined by: 1) age of the patient; 2) the clinical form of tuberculosis, by presence of destructive changes, massiveness of bacterial emission; 3) the presence of the concomitant diseases; 4) the time of positive results of treatment and character of the residual changes formation. 1

2 3 4 At tuberculosis patients the vitamin insufficiency develops: 1) at insufficiency of the contents of vitamins in food; 2) at infringement of recycling of vitamins; 3) at infringement of resorbtion of vitamins from intestines; 4) as a result of direct antagonism between chemo preparations and vitamins. 1 2 3 4 Therapeutic tactics with the appearance of side effects in the period of chemotherapy is determined by: 1) with the degree of the manifestation of side effects; 2) by the correct identification of the chemical preparation, which produced side effect; 3) by the pathogenesis of the revealed side effect; 4) by timely taking of the remedial mea-sures. 1 2 3 4 Chemopreparations are: 1) substances, that kill mycobacterium tuberculosis; 2) different kind of bactericidal and bacteriostatic preparations;

3) substances, which specifically damage the agent of the disease, without exerting a substantial influence on the organism of the patient; 4) different chemical compounds, which facilitate the recovery of the tuberculous patient. 1 2 3 4

Into the concept of pharmacokinetics of a drug all the following are included except: 1) resorbtion of preparation from the place of introduction; 2) its distribution among the organs; 3) biotransformation; 4) excretion; 5) action on the cells and tissues. 5 The basic principle, on which the modern grouping of anti-tuberculosis preparations is based on: 1) the chemical structure of preparations; 2) the effectiveness of preparations; 3) the quantity of the minimum inhibiting concentration; 4) the characteristics of pharmacokine-tics. 2 3 To a complex of the most effective anti-tuberculosis drugs refer: 1) streptomycin + kanamycin; 2) protionamide + PAS;

3) ethambutol + pirazinamid; 4) isoniazid + rifampicin; 5) cicloserin+tibon.

4 The basic contra-indication to assignment of isoniazid is: 1) the disease of central and peripheral nervous system; 2) stomach ulcer; 3) diabetes; 4) cochlear neuritis; 5) cholecystitis. 1 The basic contra-indication to assignment of rifampicin is: 1) diabetes; 2) ulcer of stomach; 3) cataract; 4) the disease central and peripheral of nervous system; 5) disturbances of liver function. 5 The basic contra-indication to assignment of streptomycin is: 1) ulcer of a stomach; 2) the disturbances of function of a liver; 3) cochlear neuritis; 4) diabetes; 5) cataract. 3

The basic mechanisms of the action of chemo-preparations on the microbial population are: 1) bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect; 2) the limitation of the disease agent spreading in the organism with immune system stimulation. 1 2 The grouping of pathogenetic anti-tuberculosis preparations rests on: 1) the mechanism of the action of preparations; 2) the chemical formula of preparations; 3) the tolerance to drugs. 1

The basic prerequisite of the effectiveness of the chemotherapy of tuberculosis is: 1) good tolerance against the drugs 2) the high level of defense abilities of an organism of a patient 3) the sensitivity of mycobacterium to the used drugs 1 2 3 Optimal daily dose of chemo-prepara-tion for the treatment of patient with tuberculosis is defined by every listed below factor, except of: 1) the tolerance of the chemotherapy; 2) pharmacokinetics of chemo-prepara-tion; 3) the mass of the body of patient and his age; 4) the rhythm of the introduction chemo-preparation (daily or intermittent); 5) the need for reaching that concentration of drug in organism suppressing

growth of mycobacterium. 2 Choice of ways of introduction of antituberculosis chemo-preparations are determined by: 1) the special features of chemical preparations and their biotransformation; 2) of localization and nature of the tubercular process; 3) of the tolerance to the chemotherapy; 4) of the age of the patients. 1 2 3 4 The basic factors of the chemotherapy efficiency of the previously non treated patients with tuberculosis are: 1) the normalization of patient feels; 2) the normalization of hemogram; 3) the discontinuance of bacterial expectoration; 4) the resolution of infiltrative and focal changes in the lungs; 5) closing of the cavities of destruction. 2 3 4 5 The standard chemotherapy regimens

Controlled chemotherapy is important: 1) in the beginning stage;

2) in out-patient stage of treatment; 3) for the whole time period of chemotherapy. 3 The basic duration course of treatment of the tuberculous patients is: 1) up to 3 months; 2) 2-4 months; 3) 6-8 months; 4) 9-12 months; 5) 16-18 months. 4 The duration of hospital course of treatment of the tuberculous patient is determined by: 1) clinical form of tuberculosis; 2) presence in lungs destructive changes; 3) massive bacteria expectoration; 4) efficiency of spent medical measures; 5) presence of accompanying easures. 4 Basic forms of drug side effects during chemotherapy of the patients with tuberculosis are attributed to: 1) toxic; 2) allergic; 3) dysbacteriosis; 4) the reaction of aggravation; 5) mixed. 1 2

5 Basic mechanisms of the secondary drug resistance development of mycobacterium tuberculosis are: 1) adaptation; 2) mutation; 3) selection.

2 3 The precise definition of the drug resistance of microorganism is: 1) the absence of chemotherapy clinical effect; 2) the continuation of growth and multiplication of microorganism in the presence of antimicrobial drugs; 3) the resistance of the microorganism on the action of drug in its concentration, which exceeds the possible level of its content in the tissues of the host.

3 The basic ways of the drug resistance prevention are: 1) detection of tuberculosis in good time; 2) intensive chemotherapy in the initial stages of treatment; 3) control of chemo-preparations intake; 4) the application of measures, which ensure a good tolerance of chemotherapy; 5) the combined chemotherapy for the entire course. 1 2 3

4 5 The basic precondition of efficiency antibacterial therapy is: 1) good tolerance to drugs; 2) the high level of protective forces of organism; 3) sensitivity mycobacterium to used drugs; 4) absence of accompanying diseases; 5) application of pathogenetic methods of treatment. 3 Major factors promoting occurrence of tuberculosis and its adverse current with other diseases serve all listed except of: 1) metabolic disturbances; 2) alterations of immune system; 3) infringement of parenchymatous organs function; 4) dysfunction of blood circulation organs. 4 The risk of tuberculosis development is raised with all listed diseases except: 1) diabetes mellitus; 2) stomach and duodenal ulcer; 3) pneumoconiosis; 4) alcoholism; 5) hypertension. 5 Clinical course of tuberculosis in combination with other diseases: 1) not distinguished from usual; 2) has predisposition to progression; 3) has slowed down regression at treatment.

2 3 At the HIV infected patients mycobacterium tuberculosis: 1) practically are not revealed; 2) are revealed only as L-forms; 3) are revealed only as BCG strain; 4) completely are displaced by non uberculosis mycobacterium; 5) are found out frequently, alongside with others mycobacterium. 5 Mortality from tuberculosis among HIV infected patients, in comparison with HIV not infected is: 1) higher; 2) lower; 3) not different. 1 HIV infection increases the risk of side effects occurrence with antituberculosis drugs: 1) yes; 2) no. 1 Interrelations between tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus is: 1) neutral; 2) antagonistic; 3) synergistic. 3

Tuberculosis that has developed in diabetic patients, all following morphological changes are predominated, except: 1) productive; 2) exudative; 3) alternative; 4) caseous. 1

Tuberculosis of respiratory organs and its consequences promote occurrence and adverse current of chronic bronchitis: 1) yes; 2) no. 1 The clinical course of tuberculosis in patients with chronic bronchitis: 1) does not differ from usual; 2) is characterized by less favorable course. 2 The frequency of pneumonia among tuberculosis patients with metatuberculous pulmonary fibrosis: 1) does not differ from usual; 2) higher than usual; 3) below than usual. 2

The clinical course of tuberculosis among patients with bronchial asthma:

1) has no distinctive features; 2) is less favorable; 3) is relatively favorable. 2

In time and after epidemic of influenza the incidence of tuberculosis is: 1) growing; 2) unchanged; 3) increasing among persons who had tuberculosis in the past. 1 3

The development of tuberculosis among alcoholic patients promotes: 1) suppression of immune system; 2) development of chronic bronchitis; 3) infringement of absorption in digestive tract; 4) no observation of hygienic rules. 1 2 3 4

Among alcoholic patients incidence and morbidity of tuberculosis is:

1) in 2 times more; 2) in 5 times more; 3) in 10 times more; 4) in 20 times more. 4 Lung tuberculosis among alcoholic patients is characterized by: 1) progressing course; 2) tendency to destruction; 3) plentiful MBT expectoration; 4) large spread of the process. 1 2 3 4 During the course of tuberculosis among alcoholic patients, essential effect has: 1) diminished immunity; 2) underestimation of the patients of their condition; 3) bad tolerance to chemotherapy; 4) advanced spread of tuberculosis changes. 2 Chemotherapy of tuberculosis: 1) can result in aggravation of ischemic heart disease; 2) as a rule does not result in aggravation of ischemic heart disease; 3) application of isoniazid can result in aggravation of ischemic heart disease; 4) application of aminoglycosides can result in aggravation of ischemic heart disease;

5) application of rifampicin can result in aggravation of ischemic heart disease. 1 3 The prevalence of hypertension among tuberculous patients: 1) does not differ from usual; 2) is below, than among patients without tuberculosis; 3) is higher, than among patients without tuberculosis. 1

Among patients with active tuberculosis of respiratory organs in comparison with the healthy population of same age and gender a lung cancer is met: 1) 100 times more often; 2) 10 times more often; 3) 3-5 times more often; 4) equally. 2

Lung cancer: 1) does not negatively influence on current tubercular infection; 2) promotes progression of infectious pro-cess. 2

The pathological conditions of a liver at tuberculosis are grouped as follows:

1) specific (tubercular) damage of a liver; 2) damages of liver cells; 3) reduction of mass of functional tissue. 1 2 3 Greatest hepatotoxic effect has? 1) streptomycin; 2) isoniazid; 3) rifampicin. 2 3

Tuberculosis incidence of the patients with ulcer disease compared to common data is: 1) higher by 2 times; 2) higher by 3-4 times; 3) higher by 8-10 times. 2

Choice of drugs and ways of their introduction at chemotherapy of tuberculosis in a combination with ulcer disease is determined by: 1) necessity of intensification of treatment; 2) peculiarities of clinical course of tuberculosis; 3) clinical course of ulcer disease; 4) presence of complications of ulcer disease;

5) all listed. 5 Highest risk of aggravation and progression of tuberculosis is in the: 1) 1-st trimester of pregnancy; 2) 2-st trimester of pregnancy; 3) 3-st trimester of pregnancy. 1 The indications for interruption of pregnancy at tuberculosis are: 1) presence of active tuberculosis pro-cess; 2) presence of inactive tuberculosis changes; 3) absence of the expressed positive effect at chemotherapy; 4) unsatisfactory drug tolerance; 5) chronic destructive tuberculosis. 3 4 5

During pregnancy women with tuberculosis should avoid the intake of: 1) isoniazid; 2) streptomycin; 3) rifampicin; 4) ethambutol. 2

The greatest degree of embryotoxicity of antituberculosis drugs is: 1) in 1-st trimester of pregnancy; 2) in 2-st trimester of pregnancy; 3) in 3-st trimester of pregnancy. 1

The psychogenic reactions, produced by tubercular process, can be connected with: 1) general intoxication of an organism; 2) local lesion in different organs and systems; 3) side effects of anti-tuberculous drugs. 1 2 3 The neuro psychic disorders are especially distinct at: 1) focus tuberculosis; 2) miliary tuberculosis; 3) tubercular meningitis; 4) subacute disseminated; 5) far advanced fibrotic-cavernous tuberculosis. 2 3 4 5

Can psychic disorders be caused by tubercular process itself:

1) yes; 2) no. 1 The neuro psychic disorders, related with tuberculosis, usually correspond to severity and duration of the disease: 1) yes; 2) no. 1 The morbidity and mortality rate of tuberculosis in mental hospitals are higher, than those among the mentally sane population: 1) yes; 2) no. 1