Ratio Analysis for the last Five years: The Al-Arafah Islami bank is one of the leading Islamic

Bank in our country. Every year it needs to declare or calculate many financial report or activities. They also need to make their ration analysis against every year. There some calculations may change or may not change. Many terms may changeable or may not changeable by the calculation. They actually do this analysis for making their financial terms and activities more strong and effective. So as a part of my term paper I need to make the Al-Arafah Islami banks ratio analysis for the previous five years. Here my analysis calculation is in below I just make 10 elements of ratio analysis. Because I tried to make many but there was not sufficient information all the year. So for that I just made the following analysis. As like:- # Current ratio # Gross profit margin # Net profit margin # Operating expense ratio # Operating profit margin # Fixed asset turnover # Debt ratio # Return on asset (ROA) # Debt equity ratio # Asset utilization ratio # Sales turnover or total asset turnover The analysis is like that. Here is not all the analysis. I just give this eleven analysis coz for information lacking. Ill show all the analysis separately to the following page. I will show them in a graph or chart and Ill discuss all the problems and solutions among them. The analysis: - [pic] Calculation part:- Here is the calculation part. In this part I am going to show all the calculation of all the year individually. CURRENT RATIO: In the below there is the current ratio in a chart. This chart belong all the current ratio of year 2006-2010. In this chart one thing is very much clear that all the year there have some changes of this ratio. All the years are not same. Below the chart all the details of every years calculation are given very clearly. Current asset Current ratio = (Times) Current liabilities [pic] For the year 2006: In the year of 2006 we can see that there is the calculation is zero. Because in the year of 2006 the current asset is 394,49,78,380 /- BDT. And there was no current liability of this year.In the annual report there was no current liabilities. So for the calculation it comes zero ratios. For the year of 2007: In the year of 2007 there the current asset is 727,59,55,470 /- BDT. And the current liabilities are 132,00,00,000 /- BDT. And the calculation of the ratio is 5.512087 times. That means the current ratio for this year is more that the previous year, where the previous years ratio was just nil. For the year of 2008: In the year of 2008 the current asset is 943,46,46,990 /- BDT. And the current liability is 178,00,00,000 /- BDT. So the calculation for this year is 5.300363 times. That means the current ratio for this year is less than the previous year. For the year of 2009: In the year of 2009 the current asset is 1238170259/- BDT. And the current liabilities is 2620000000 /-BDT. So the calculation of ratio for this year is 4.725840 times. That means this years ratio is decreasing that the previous year. For the year of 2010: In the year of 2010 the current asset is 217,91,40,468 /-BDT. And the current liability is 568,00,00,000/- BDT. So the calculation of ratio for this year is 3.836514 times. That means this years ratio is also less then the previous years ratio. Lickings arising on current ratio: In the current ratio there have some problems. In the year of 2006 there was no current liability. But for the banking sector sometimes liability is need for some reason. But if I compare all the year then I can say the ratios of all year are comparatively small. Where the current asset good but the current liabilities is always near about the current assets. This is a major problem for AIBL. Own opinion and solutions: For the current ratio The AIBL need to give more concentration about there current liabilities. Their current liabilities are always small difference than the current asset. So this is not a easy way to keep their competition in this competitive economic market. So my own opinion is that the management level must need to observe for their current liabilities. I hope if they observe that carefully then they will do better. Gross profit margin: In the below there is gross profit margin ratio in a chart. This chart belong all the gross profit and all the sales revenue for the year of 2006-2010. In this chart one thing is very much clear that all the year there have some changes of this ratio. All the years are not same. Below the chart all the details of every years calculation are given very clearly. Gross profit Gross profit margin = (percentage) Sales revenue [pic] For the year of 2006: In the year of 2006 the banks Gross profit is 135,27,67,957 /-BDT. And the sales revenue is 88,16,82,692 /-BDT. So for this amount this years ratio is 1.534302 % This years gross profit is more than the sales revenue. For the year of 2007: In the year of 2007 the AIBL have Gross profit amount of 132,69,80,567 /-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 61,45,18,980 /-BDT. After calculation this years total ratio is 2.159380 %. This ratio is more than the previous year. For the year of 2008: In

the year of 2008 the AIBL have total Gross profit is 216,67,99,427 /-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 128,16,78,168/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 1.690595 %. This is less then the previous year. For the year of 2009: In the year of 2009 the AIBL have total Gross profit is 263,82,93,982 /-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 133,71,97,611/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 1.973002 %. This is comparatively more than the previous year. For the year of 2010: In the year of 2010 the AIBL have total Gross profit is 432,58,72,922 /-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 94,69,22,517/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 4.568349 %. This is comparatively very more than the previous year. Problems arising on Gross profit margin: In this ratio I think there have some problems as usual. For this ratio the Gross profit means the total operating income is good but in the year of 2008 it was less because of some company financial weakness. But the next three years the total operating income is comparatively more than the previous year. Company need more effort for the operating activities inside of its. Own opinion and solutions: As a internship member of this bank I saw their sales revenue is good. As a Islamic bank their sales revenue is much good. But in the year of 2007 and 2010 they did very well in this gross profit margin. Both those years their percentage is very good. I suggest them to follow these two years as a result the up-coming years Gross profit will be far better. Net profit margin: In the below there is Net profit margin ratio in a chart. This chart belong all the net profit and all the sales revenue for the year of 2006-2010. In this chart one thing is very much clear that all the year there have some changes of this ratio. All the years are not same. Below the chart all the details of every years calculation are given very clearly. Net profit Net profit margin = (percentage) Sales revenue [pic] For the year of 2006: In the year of 2006 the banks Net profit is 47,00,18,407 /-BDT. And the sales revenue is 88,16,82,692 /-BDT. So for this amount this years ratio is 53.309 % . For the year of 2007: In the year of 2007 the AIBL have Net profit amount of 34,73,14,166 /-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 61,45,18,980/-BDT. After calculation this years total ratio is 56.5180 %. This ratio is little bit more than the previous year. For the year of 2008: In the year of 2008 the AIBL have total Net profit is 66,82,42,288 /-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 128,16,78,168/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 52.1380%. This is less then the previous year. For the year of 2009: In the year of 2009 the AIBL have total Net profit is 85,89,87,708 /-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 133,71,97,611/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 64.2379 %. This is comparatively little bit more than the previous year. For the year of 2010: In the year of 2010 the AIBL have total Net profit is 177,69,92,595 /-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 94,49,22,517/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 188.0569 %. This is comparatively much better than the previous year. Problems arising on Net profit margin: In this ratio I think the company some problem in the net investment income or net income. Every is their net income vary. Only in the year of 2008 it was just fall the net profit and sales revenue. As well as the ratio itself. Own opinion and solutions: So I hope this problem is just little bit problem. It dont effect in the financial sector or profit sector of this company if they make their company more profitable by working hard. In the year of 2010 they did really very well. Operating expense ratio: In the below there is operating expense ratio in a chart. This chart belong all the operating expense and all the sales revenue for the year of 2006-2010. In this chart one thing is very much clear that all the year there have some changes of this ratio. All the years are not same. Below the chart all the details of every years calculation are given very clearly. Operating expense Operating expense ratio = (percentage) Sales revenue [pic] For the year of 2006: In the year of 2006 the banks Operating expense is 382998271 /-BDT. And the sales revenue is 881682692 /-BDT. So for this amount this years ratio is 43.43 % . For the year of 2007: In the year of 2007 the AIBL have Operating expense amount of 570800273 /-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 614518980/-BDT. After calculation this years total ratio is 92.88 %. This ratio is more better than the previous year. For the year of 2008: In the year of 2008 the AIBL have total Operating expense is 638699566 /-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 1281678168/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 49.83%. But this year this is less then the previous year. For the year of 2009: In the year of 2009 the AIBL have total Operating expense is 908465434/-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 1337197611/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 67.93 %. This is again

comparatively little bit more than the previous year. For the year of 2010: In the year of 2010 the AIBL have total Operating expense is 1328555555 /-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 944922517/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 140.5994 %. This is comparatively very much better than the previous year. Problems arising on Net profit margin: In this ratio we can see that every year there have changes in this ratio. Company operating expense and sales revenue is fluctuating in those five years. I think this is happen because of the financial market problem. But at the last year they did very well than the previous one. Own opinion and solutions: In that case my solution is that company need more sincere about their operating expense. They are totally unable to maintain their operating expense. So they need to give more hard work for this. Operating profit margin: In the below there is Operating profit margin ratio in a chart. This chart belong all the net profit and all the sales revenue for the year of 2006-2010. In this chart one thing is very much clear that all the year there have some changes of this ratio. All the years are not same. Below the chart all the details of every years calculation are given very clearly. Net profit Operating profit margin = (percentage) Sales revenue [pic] For the year of 2006: In the year of 2006 the banks Operating profit margin is 470018407/-BDT. And the sales revenue is 881682692/-BDT. So for this amount this years ratio is 53.30 % . For the year of 2007: In the year of 2007 the AIBL have Operating profit margin amount of 347314166/-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 614518980/-BDT. After calculation this years total ratio is 56.51 %. This ratio is more better than the previous year. For the year of 2008: In the year of 2008 the AIBL have total Operating profit margin is 668242288/-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 1281678168/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 52.13%. But this year this is less then the previous year. For the year of 2009: In the year of 2009 the AIBL have total Operating profit margin is 858987708/-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 1337197611/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 64.23 %. This is again comparatively little bit more than the previous year. For the year of 2010: In the year of 2010 the AIBL have total Operating profit margin is 1776992595 /-BDT. This years total sales revenue is 944922517/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 187.65 %. This is comparatively very much better than the previous year. Problems arising on Net profit margin: In this ratio the starting was good enough but in the year of 2008 there was some mistake by someone as a result the ratio percentage was less than the previous two years. But at the year of 2010 there was a huge change as well as the operating expense ratio. Own opinion and solutions: In the year of 2010 the ratio goes very high. This is good but if they keep this change continue. But if this ratio once again fall down then the Bank must suffer for that. So they need necessary steps for this. Fixed asset turnover: In the below there is Fixed asset turnover ratio in a chart. This chart belong all the sales revenue and all the fixed asset for the year of 2006-2010. In this chart one thing is very much clear that all the year there have some changes of this ratio. All the years are not same. Below the chart all the details of every years calculation are given very clearly. Sales revenue Fixed asset turnover = (Times) Fixed asset [pic] For the year of 2006: In the year of 2006 the banks Sales revenue is 881682692/BDT. And the fixed asset is 17423189761/-BDT. So for this amount this years ratio is 0.05 times. For the year of 2007: In the year of 2007 the AIBL have Sales revenue is 614518980/-BDT. This years total fixed asset is 22906367930/-BDT. After calculation this years total ratio is 0.02 times. This ratio is more better than the previous year. For the year of 2008: In the year of 2008 the AIBL have total Sales revenue is 1281678168/-BDT. This years total fixed asset is 29723790857/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 0.04 times. But this year this is less then the previous year. For the year of 2009: In the year of 2009 the AIBL have total Sales revenue is 1337197611/-BDT. This years total Fixed asset is 36134084793/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 0.03 times. This is again comparatively little bit more than the previous year. For the year of 2010: In the year of 2010 the AIBL have total Sales revenue is 944922517/-BDT. This years total fixed asset is 53582960723/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 0.01 times. This is comparatively very much better than the previous year. Problems arising on Net profit margin: For the year 2007 and 2010 was very low. And I asked the management why for this and they said to me for 2007 there was the local political riot in all over the world and for that they cant make their financial activities well and for 2010 there was some money market falling reason. Own

opinion and solutions: In the year of 2006 it was totally great and 2008 and 2009 it was good but in 2007 and 2010 there was some problem. And I hope it the government gives more effort to this I hope itll never be happen again. Debt Ratio: In the below there is Fixed asset turnover ratio in a chart. This chart belong all the total debt and the entire total asset for the year of 2006-2010. In this chart one thing is very much clear that all the year there have some changes of this ratio. All the years are not same. Below the chart all the details of every years calculation are given very clearly. Total debt Debt Ratio = (Percentage) Total asset [pic] For the year of 2006: In the year of 2006 the banks total debt is 19677983839/-BDT. And the total asset is 21368168142/-BDT. So for this amount this years ratio is 92.09 %. For the year of 2007: In the year of 2007 the AIBL have total debt is 28144824936/-BDT. This years total asset is 30182323406/-BDT. After calculation this years total ratio is 93.24 %.This ratio is small better than the previous year. For the year of 2008: In the year of 2008 the AIBL have total debt is 36452697089/-BDT. This years total asset is 39158437848/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 93.09 %. But this year this is very small less then the previous year. For the year of 2009: In the year of 2009 the AIBL have total debt is 44951058918/-BDT. This years total asset is 48515787384/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 92.65 %. This is again comparatively little bit less than the previous year. For the year of 2010: In the year of 2010 the AIBL have total debt is 67696061857/-BDT. This years total asset is 75374365400/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 89.81 %. This is comparatively very much less than the previous all years. Problems arising on Net profit margin: In this year there was starting was 92.09 %. But the nest year it increase and after that the next three years It goes down and down specially in the year of 2010 it goes more down than the other years. Maximum ratio has fall down in the year of 2010. This cause for recent share market fall. Own opinion and solutions: My only one opinion for this ratio is that only in the year of 2010 they as usual fall down and they show its reason just the recent money market fall. And they need to concern for this. Return on assets (ROA): In the below there is Fixed asset turnover ratio in a chart. This chart belong all the net income and total asset for the year of 2006-2010. In this chart one thing is very much clear that all the year there have some changes of this ratio. All the years are not same. Below the chart all the details of every years calculation are given very clearly. Net Income Return on assets (ROA) = (Percentage) Total asset [pic] For the year of 2006: In the year of 2006 the banks total Net income is 470018407BDT. And the total asset is 21368168142/BDT. So for this amount this years ratio is 2.19 %. For the year of 2007: In the year of 2007 the AIBL have total Net income is 347314166/-BDT. This years total asset is 30182323406/-BDT. After calculation this years total ratio is 1.15 %. Next year it fall down. For the year of 2008: In the year of 2008 the AIBL have total Net income is 668242288/-BDT. This years total asset is 39158437848/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 1.70 %. This year it increases but not more than the year of 2006. For the year of 2009: In the year of 2009 the AIBL have total Net income is 858987708/-BDT. This years total asset is 48515787384/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 1.77 %. This year it also increases than the previous year but not than the year of 2006. For the year of 2010: In the year of 2010 the AIBL have total Net income is 1776992595/-BDT. This years total asset is 75374365400/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 2.35 %. But only this year this ratio gain better than the previous all years. Problems arising on Net profit margin: Problem is that in the year of 2006 it falls down but from the next year it again turn around to the increasing level. Own opinion and solutions: My only one opinion for this ratio is that only in the year of 2010 they as usual fall down and they show its reason just the recent money market fall. And they need to concern for this. So my I think the year of 2007 was really bad for AIBL. Sales turnover or total asset turnover: In the below there is Fixed asset turnover ratio in a chart. This chart belong all the sales revenue and total asset for the year of 2006-2010. In this chart one thing is very much clear that all the year there have some changes of this ratio. All the years are not same. Below the chart all the details of every years calculation are given very clearly. Net Income Sales turnover or total asset turnover = (Times) Total asset [pic] For the year of 2006: In the year of 2006 the banks total sales revenue is 881682692/-BDT. And the total asset is 21368168142/-BDT. So for this amount this years ratio is 4.12 times. For the year of 2007: In the year of 2007 the AIBL have total sales revenue is

614518980/-BDT. This years total asset is 30182323406/-BDT. After calculation this years total ratio is 20.3times. Its very high. For the year of 2008: In the year of 2008 the AIBL have total sales revenue is 1281678168/-BDT. This years total asset is 39158437848/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 3.27 times. This year it decreases more and more. For the year of 2009: In the year of 2009 the AIBL have total sales revenue is 1337197611/-BDT. This years total asset is 48515787384/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 2.75 times. This year it decrease little bit. For the year of 2010: In the year of 2010 the AIBL have total sales revenue is 946922517/-BDT. This years total asset is 75374365400/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 1.25 times. But only this year this ratio gain very much low than the previous all years. Problems arising on Net profit margin: All the year have problems without the other years. Which year is low or less that year is very much low and less then the other years. Own opinion and solutions: For this ratio the AIBL management was very weak. So they really need to take necessary steps for not face this situation once again. Debt Equity Ratio: In the below there is Fixed asset turnover ratio in a chart. This chart belong all the total debt and the entire total equity for the year of 2006-2010. In this chart one thing is very much clear that all the year there have some changes of this ratio. All the years are not same. Below the chart all the details of every years calculation are given very clearly. Total debt Debt Equity Ratio = (Times) Total equity [pic] For the year of 2006: In the year of 2006 the banks total debt is 19677983839/-BDT. And the total equity is 21368168142/-BDT. So for this amount this years ratio is 11.64 times. For the year of 2007: In the year of 2007 the AIBL have total debt is 28144824936/-BDT. This years total equity is 30182323406/-BDT. After calculation this years total ratio is 13.81 times. This ratio is small better than the previous year. For the year of 2008: In the year of 2008 the AIBL have total debt is 36452697089/-BDT. This years total equity is 39158437848/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 13.47 times. But this year this is very small less then the previous year. For the year of 2009: In the year of 2009 the AIBL have total debt is 44951058918/-BDT. This years total equity is 48515787384/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 12.60 times. This is again comparatively little bit less than the previous year. For the year of 2010: In the year of 2010 the AIBL have total debt is 67696061857/-BDT. This years total equity is 75374365400/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 8.81 times. This is comparatively more less than the previous all years. Problems arising on Net profit margin: Actually for this ratio there are no problems. Just only one have problem is that in the year of 2010 they have problems as usual. Own opinion and solutions: So my only one opinion and suggestion is that they must need take necessary steps for the year of 2010. Asset Utilization ratio: In the below there is Fixed asset turnover ratio in a chart. This chart belong all the operating income and operating asset for the year of 2006-2010. In this chart one thing is very much clear that all the year there have some changes of this ratio. All the years are not same. Below the chart all the details of every years calculation are given very clearly. Net Income Asset Utilization ratio = (Percentage) Total asset [pic] For the year of 2006: In the year of 2006 the banks total operating income is 969769686/-BDT. And the total operating asset is 21368168142/-BDT. So for this amount this years ratio is 4.53 %. This starting is very much big. For the year of 2007: In the year of 2007 the AIBL have total operating income is 756180294/-BDT. This years total operating asset is 30182323406/-BDT. After calculation this years total ratio is 2.50 %. Its very less than the previous year. For the year of 2008: In the year of 2008 the AIBL have total operating income is 1528099861/BDT. This years total operating asset is 39158437848/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 3.90%. This year it increases more high. For the year of 2009: In the year of 2009 the AIBL have total operating income is 1729828548/-BDT. This years total operating asset is 48515787384/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 3.56 %. This year it decrease little bit. For the year of 2010: In the year of 2010 the AIBL have total operating income is 2997317367/-BDT. This years total operating asset is 75374365400/-BDT. After the calculation the ratio amount is 3.97 %. But the last year it goes up. And this is really very better. Problems arising on Net profit margin: There is little bit problem in 2007. In this year the capital market was down for some country local political problem. Own opinion and solutions: Management need more hard work for every sector of their organization. My Individual opinion and

suggestions: While doing Internee and making Internship report I think basically the main problems of AlArafah Islamic Banks are given below. And these problems play an important role for the ratio analysis fluctuation. For these problems the ratios of different terms actually fluctuate. 1. Nature of the Problem and Challenges The Islamic banks in the world have been facing a number of challenges. Side by side, the Islamic banking in Bangladesh is also facing numerous problems of challenges. First, they have not yet been successful in devising an interest-free mechanism to place their funds on a short-term basis. They face the same problem in financing consumer loans and government deficits. Second, the risk involved in profit-sharing seems to be so high that almost all of the Islamic banks in Bangladesh have resorted to those techniques of financing which bring them a fixed assured return. As a result, there is a lot of genuine criticism that these banks have not abolished interest but, they have, in fact, only changed the nomenclature of their transactions. Third, the Islamic banks do not have the legal support of the Central bank in Bangladesh, do not have the necessary expertise and trained manpower to appraise, monitor, evaluate an audit the projects that are required to finance. As a result, they can not expand despite having huge excess financial liquidity. The implementation of an interest-free banking in Banking raises a number of questions and potential problems which can be seen from the macro and micro operational point of view. A partial list of the issues confronting Islamic banks in Bangladesh includes: 2. Problems Related to Macro Operation of the Islamic Banks - Liquidity and Capital - Valuation of bank Assets - Financial Stability - The Ownership of Banks - Lack of Capital Market and Interest-free Financial Instruments - Insufficient Legal protection - Controlling and Supervision by the Central bank on the Basis of Islamic Shariah - Lacks of Unified Shariah Rulings - Absence of Islamic Inter-Bank Money Market New Banking Regulations -- Accounting principles and Procedures - Shortage of Supportive and Link Institutions - Shortage of Skilled and Trained Manpower in Islamic Shariah banking - Lack of Co-operation among the Islamic Banks - Lack of Familiarity by International Financial and Non-financial Sector with Islamic Products and procedures. - Severe Competitions in the Financial Sector - Economics slowdown and Political Situation of the Country - Inadequate Track Record of Islamic Banking - Absence of Infrastructure for International Islamic Trade Financing - Defaulting Culture of the Borrowers - Short-term Asset Concentrations in the Islamic Banks - Lack of Course or paper on Islamic Economics, Banking and Finance at the Educational Institutions. - Lack of Uniform Operational procedure of Islamic Banking - Lack of Specialized Islamic Banks and Non-Bank financial Institutions - Lack of Consortium or Syndication of the Islamic Banks - Lack of Harmonization of Islamic financial Practices - Lack of Inter-country Study on the practical Operations of Islamic Banking - Lack of Secondary Securitization Market - Lack of Coordinated Research Work on Islamic Economics, Banking and finance - Lack of Apex Training Institute for the Islamic Banks. 3. Problem Related to Micro Operation of the Islamic Banks : - Increased Cost of Information - Control over Cost of Funds. - Mark-up Financing and Corrupted Mark-up - Excess Resort to the Murabaha Mode of Financing - Utilization of Interest Rate of fixing the Profit Margin in Bai-Modes Financing Social Concerns. - Lack of Positive Response to the Requirement of government Financing. Failure of Islamic Banks to Finance High Return Projects. - Sacrifice of a locative Efficiency - Loss of Distributive Efficiency. - Depression of Profit. - Lack of Full-fledged Shariah Audit. - Fraud-Forgery or corruption in Islamic Banks. - Minimum Budget for Research and Development. - Working Environment. Issuance of Letter of Guarantee (L/G) - Minimum Budget for Research and Development. - Lack of Shariah Manual or Guidelines. - Islamic Investment Risk Analysis and measurement Methodology. - Nonexemption of Stamp Duty for Purchasing Property by Banks. - Lack of Co-operation between Islamic Banks and Islamic NGOs for extending Micro credit. - Lack of Establishment of Links with other Training Institutes and Shariah Supervisory Bodies. - Lack of Intention of the Management to be strict with Shariah Guidelines. The above problems are some of the burning problems confronting the Al-Arafah Islami bank in Bangladesh. However it is felt that much operational work and in-depth research work has to be undertaken to allow the Islamic banks to flourish with highest quality and strength. ----------------------Return on asset (ROA) Debt ratio Fixed asset turnover Operating profit margin Debt equity ratio Asset

utilization ratio Operating expense ratio Sales turnover or total asset turnover Net profit margin Gross profit margin Current ratio Ratio analysis of AIBL