The History of Computers [RISC COMMUNITY-LPU]

Do you know/think about inventor of computer & microprocessor "Who invented the computer?" is not a question with a simple answer . The real answer is that many inventors contributed to the history of computers and that a computer is a complex piece of machinery made up of many parts, each of which can be considered a separate invention. This series covers many of the major milestones in computer history (but not all of them) with a concentration on the history of personal home computers.
Computer History, Year/Enter Computer History, Inventors/Inventions Computer History, Description of Event

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

1936 -Konrad Zuse - Z1 Computer First freely programmable computer. 1942 -John Atanasoff & Clifford Berry ABC Computer Who was first in the computing biz is not always as easy as ABC. 1944 -Howard Aiken & Grace Hopper Harvard Mark I Computer The Harvard Mark 1 computer. 1946- John Presper Eckert & John W. Mauchly ENIAC 1 Computer 20,000 vacuum tubes later... 1948 -Frederic Williams & Tom Kilburn Manchester Baby Computer & The Williams Tube Baby and the Williams Tube turn on the memories. 1947/48 -John Bardeen, Walter Brattain & Wiliam Shockley The Transistor No, a transistor is not a computer, but this invention greatly affected the history of computers. 1951 -John Presper Eckert & John W. Mauchly UNIVAC Computer First commercial computer & able to pick presidential winners. 1953 -International Business Machines IBM 701 EDPM Computer IBM enters into 'The History of Computers'. 1954 -John Backus & IBM FORTRAN Computer Programming Language The first successful high level programming language. 1955 (In Use 1959)-Stanford Research Institute, Bank of America, and General Electric ERMA and MICR The first bank industry computer - also MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) for reading checks. 1958 -Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce The Integrated Circuit Otherwise known as 'The Chip' 1962 -Steve Russell & MIT Spacewar Computer Game The first computer game invented. 1964 -Douglas Engelbart Computer Mouse & Windows Nicknamed the mouse because the tail came out the end. 1969 ARPA net The original Internet. 1970 -Intel 1103 Computer Memory The world's first available dynamic RAM chip. 1971 -Faggin, Hoff & Mazor Intel 4004 Computer Microprocessor The first microprocessor. 1971 -Alan Shugart &IBM The "Floppy" Disk Nicknamed the "Floppy" for its flexibility. 1973 -Robert Metcalfe & Xerox The Ethernet Computer Networking Networking.

20. 1974/75 -Scelbi & Mark-8 Altair & IBM 5100 Computers The first consumer computers. 21. 1976/77 -Apple I, II & TRS-80 & Commodore Pet Computers More first consumer computers. 22. 1978 -Dan Bricklin & Bob Frankston
VisiCalc Spreadsheet Software Any product that pays for itself in two weeks is a surefire winner.

23. 1979 -Seymour Rubenstein & Rob Barnaby 24. 25. 26. 27. 28.
WordStar Software Word Processors. 1981 -IBM The IBM PC - Home Computer From an "Acorn" grows a personal computer revolution 1981 -Microsoft MS-DOS Computer Operating System From "Quick And Dirty" comes the operating system of the century. 1983 -Apple Lisa Computer The first home computer with a GUI, graphical user interface. 1984 -Apple Macintosh Computer The more affordable home computer with a GUI. 1985 -Microsoft Windows Microsoft begins the friendly war with Apple.

SERIES TO BE CONTINUED.............................

List of Intel microprocessors

This generational and chronological list of Intel microprocessors attempts to present all of Intel's processors from the pioneering 4-bit 4004 (1971) to the present high-end offerings, which include the 64-bit Itanium 2 (2002), Intel Core 2, and Xeon 5100 and 7100 series processors (2006). Concise technical data is given for each product.

1 The 4-bit processors o 1.1 Intel 4004: first single-chip microprocessor o 1.2 4040 2 The 8-bit processors o 2.1 8008 o 2.2 8080 o 2.3 8085 3 Microcontrollers o 3.1 Intel 8048 o 3.2 MCS-48 Family o 3.3 Intel 8051 o 3.4 MCS-51 Family o 3.5 MCS-96 Family 4 The bit-slice processor o 4.1 3000 Family 5 iPLDs:Intel Programmable Logic Devices o 5.1 PLDs Family 6 Signal Processor o 6.1 2900 Family 7 Digital Clocks Processor o 7.1 5000 Family 8 The 16-bit processors: origin of x86 o 8.1 8086 o 8.2 8088 o 8.3 MCS-86 Family o 8.4 80186

8.5 80188 8.6 80286 9 32-bit processors: the non-x86 microprocessors o 9.1 iAPX 432 o 9.2 i960 aka 80960 o 9.3 i860 aka 80860 o 9.4 XScale 10 32-bit processors: the 80386 range o 10.1 80386DX o 10.2 80386SX o 10.3 80376 o 10.4 80386SL o 10.5 80386EX 11 32-bit processors: the 80486 range o 11.1 80486DX o 11.2 80486SX o 11.3 80486DX2 o 11.4 80486SL o 11.5 80486DX4 12 32-bit processors: P5 micro architecture o 12.1 Original Pentium o 12.2 Pentium with MMX Technology 13 32-bit processors: P6/Pentium M micro architecture o 13.1 Pentium Pro o 13.2 Pentium II o 13.3 Celeron (Pentium II-based) o 13.4 Pentium III o 13.5 Pentium II and III Xeon o 13.6 Celeron (Pentium III Coppermine-based) o 13.7 Celeron (Pentium III Tualatin-based) o 13.8 Pentium M o 13.9 Celeron M o 13.10 Intel Core o 13.11 Dual-Core Xeon LV 14 32-bit processors: Net Burst micro architecture o 14.1 Pentium 4 o 14.2 Xeon o 14.3 Mobile Pentium 4-M o 14.4 Pentium 4 EE o 14.5 Pentium 4E o 14.6 Pentium 4F 15 64-bit processors: IA-64 o 15.1 Itanium o 15.2 Itanium 2 16 64-bit processors: Intel 64 Net Burst micro architecture o 16.1 Pentium 4F o 16.2 Pentium D o 16.3 Pentium Extreme Edition o 16.4 Xeon 17 64-bit processors: Intel 64 Core microarchitecture

o o

17.1 Xeon 17.2 Intel Core 2 17.3 Pentium Dual Core 17.4 Celeron 17.5 Celeron M 18 32-bit processors: Intel 32 Intel Atom 19 64-bit processors: Intel 64 Nehalem microarchitecture o 19.1 Intel Pentium o 19.2 Core i3 o 19.3 Core i5 o 19.4 Core i7 o 19.5 Xeon 20 Intel 805xx product codes 21 Intel 806xx product codes 22 See also 23 References 24 External links

o o o o o

The 4-bit processors

Intel 4004: first single-chip microprocessor

Introduced November 15, 1971 Clock rate 740 kHz[1] 0.07 MIPS Bus Width 4 bits (multiplexed address/data due to limited pins) PMOS Number of Transistors 2,300 at 10 m Addressable Memory 640 bytes Program Memory 4 KB (4 KB) One of the earliest Commercial Microprocessors (cf. Four Phase Systems AL1, F14 CADC) Originally designed to be used in Busicom calculator

MCS-4 Family:

4004-CPU 4001-ROM & 4 Bit Port 4002-RAM & 4 Bit Port 4003-10 Bit Shift Register 4008-Memory+I/O Interface 4009-Memory+I/O Interface

4040

MCS-40 Family:

4040-CPU 4101-1024-bit (256 4) Static RAM with separate I/O 4201-4MHz Clock Generator 4207-General Purpose Byte I/O Port 4209-General Purpose Byte I/O Port 4211-General Purpose Byte I/O Port 4265-Programmable General Purpose I/O Device 4269-Programmable Keyboard Display Device 4289-Standard Memory Interface for MCS-4/40 4308-8192-bit (1024 8) ROM w/ 4-bit I/O Ports 4316-16384-bit (2048 8) Static ROM 4702-2048-bit (256 8) EPROM 48015.185 MHz Clock Generator Crystal for 4004/4201A or 4040/4201A

The 8-bit processors

8008

Introduced April 1, 1972 Clock rate 500 kHz (80081: 800 kHz) 0.05 MIPS Bus Width 8 bits (multiplexed address/data due to limited pins) Enhancement load PMOS logic Number of Transistors 3,500 at 10 m Addressable memory 16 KB Typical in early 8 bit microcomputers, dumb terminals, general calculators, bottling machines Developed in tandem with 4004 Originally intended for use in the Datapoint 2200 microcomputer Key volume deployment in Texas Instruments 742 microcomputer in >3,000 Ford dealerships.

8080

Introduced April 1, 1974 Clock rate 2 MHz (very rare 8080B: 3 MHz) 0.64 MIPS Bus Width 8 bits data, 16 bits address Enhancement load NMOS logic Number of Transistors 6,000 Assembly language downwards compatible with 8008. Addressable memory 64 KB Up to 10X the performance of the 8008 Used in the Altair 8800, Traffic light controller, cruise missile Required six support chips versus 20 for the 8008

8085

Introduced March 1976 Clock rate 3 MHz [2] 0.37 MIPS Bus Width 8 bits data, 16 bits address Depletion load NMOS logic Number of Transistors 6,500 at 3 m Binary compatible downwards with the 8080. Used in Toledo scales. Also was used as a computer peripheral controller modems, harddisks,printers, etc... CMOS 80C85 in Mars Sojourner, Radio Shack Model 100 portable. High level of integration, operating for the first time on a single 5 volt power supply, from 12 volts previously. Also featured serial I/O,3 maskable interrupts,1 Nonmaskable interrupt,1 externally expandable interrupt w/[8259],status,DMA.

MCS-85 Family:

8155-RAM+ 3 I/O Ports+Timer "Active Low CS" 8156-RAM+ 3 I/O Ports+Timer "Active High CS" 8185-SRAM 8202-Dynamic RAM Controller 8203-Dynamic RAM Controller 8205-1 Of 8 Binary Decoder 8206-Error Detection & Correction Unit 8207-DRAM Controller 8210-TTL To MOS Shifter & High Voltage Clock Driver 8212-8 Bit I/O Port 8216-4 Bit Parallel Bidirectional Bus Driver 8219-Bus Controller 8222-Dynamic RAM Refresh Controller 8226-4 Bit Parallel Bidirectional Bus Driver 8231-Arithmetic Processing Unit 8232-Floating Point Processor 8237-DMA Controller 8244-General Purpose Graphics Display Device (SECAM System) 8245-General Purpose Graphics Display Device (PAL System) 8251-Communication Controller 8253-Programmable Interval Timer 8254-Programmable Interval Timer 8255-Programmable Peripheral Interface 8256-Multifunction Support Controller 8257-DMA Controller 8259-Programmable Interrupt Controller 8271-Programmable Floppy Disk Controller 8272-Single/Double Density Floppy Disk Controller 8273-Programmable HDLC/SDLC Protocol Controller 8274-Multi-Protocol Serial Controller 8275-CRT Controller 8276-Small System CRT Controller 8278-Programmable KeyBoard Interface

8279-KeyBoard/Display Controller 8282-8-bit Non-Inverting Latch with Output Buffer 8283-8-bit Inverting Latch with Output Buffer 8291-GPIB Talker/Listener 8292-GPIB Controller 8293-GPIB Transceiver 8294-Data Encryption/Decryption Unit+1 O/P Port 8295-Dot Matrix Printer Controller 8296-GPIB Transceiver 8297-GPIB Transceiver 8355-16,384-bit (2048 8) ROM with I/O 8604-4096-bit (512 8) PROM 8702-2K-bit (256 8 ) PROM 8755-EPROM+2 I/O Ports

Microcontrollers
They are ICs with CPU,RAM, ROM (or PROM or EPROM),I/O Ports, Timers & Interrupts

Intel 8048
Single accumulator Harvard architecture

MCS-48 Family

8020-Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller 8021-Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller 8022-Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller With On Chip A/D Converter 8035-Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller 8039-Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller 8040-Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller 8041-Universal Peripheral Interface 8-Bit Slave Microcontroller 8641-Universal Peripheral Interface 8-Bit Slave Microcontroller 8741-Universal Peripheral Interface 8-Bit Slave Microcontroller 8042-Universal Peripheral Interface 8-Bit Slave Microcontroller 8742-Universal Peripheral Interface 8-Bit Slave Microcontroller 8243-Input/Output Expander 8048-Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller 8048-Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller 8748-Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller 8049-Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller 8048-Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller 8749-Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller 8050-Single-Component 8-Bit Microcontroller

Intel 8051

8031-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 8032-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller

8044-High Performance 8-Bit Microcontroller With On-Chip Serial Communication Controller 8344-High Performance 8-Bit Microcontroller With On-Chip Serial Communication Controller 8744-High Performance 8-Bit Microcontroller With On-Chip Serial Communication Controller 8051-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 8052-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 8054-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 8058-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 8351-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 8352-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 8354-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 8358-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 8751-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 8752-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 8754-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 8758-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 80151-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 83151-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 87151-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 80152-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 83152-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 80251-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 83251-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller 87251-8-Bit Control-Oriented Microcontroller

MCS-96 Family

8094-16-Bit Microcontroller (48-Pin ROMLess Without A/D) 8095-16-Bit Microcontroller (48-Pin ROMLess With A/D) 8096-16-Bit Microcontroller (68-Pin ROMLess Without A/D) 8097-16-Bit Microcontroller (68-Pin ROMLess With A/D) 8394-16-Bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With ROM Without A/D) 8395-16-Bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With ROM With A/D) 8396-16-Bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With ROM Without A/D) 8397-16-Bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With ROM With A/D) 8794-16-Bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With EROM Without A/D) 8795-16-Bit Microcontroller (48-Pin With EROM With A/D) 8796-16-Bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With EROM Without A/D) 8797-16-Bit Microcontroller (68-Pin With EROM With A/D) 8098-16-Bit Microcontroller 8398-16-Bit Microcontroller 8798-16-Bit Microcontroller 80196-16-Bit Microcontroller 83196-16-Bit Microcontroller 87196-16-Bit Microcontroller 80296-16-Bit Microcontroller

The bit-slice processor

3000 Family
Intel D3002. Introduced 3rd Qtr, 1974 Members of the family

3001-Microcontrol Unit 3002-2-bit Arithmetic Logic Unit slice 3003-Look-ahead Carry Generator 3205-High-performance 1 Of 8 Binary Decoder 3207-Quad Bipolar-to-MOS Level Shifter and Driver 3208-Hex Sense Amp and Latch for MOS Memories 3210-TTL-to-MOS Level Shifter and High Voltage Clock Driver 3211-ECL-to-MOS Level Shifter and High Voltage Clock Driver 3212-Multimode Latch Buffer 3214-Interrupt Control Unit 3216-Parallel,Inverting Bi-Directional Bus Driver 3222-Refresh Controller for 4K NMOS DRAMs 3226-Parallel,Inverting Bi-Directional Bus Driver 3232-Address Multiplexer and Refresh Counter for 4K DRAMs 3235-Quad Bipolar-to-MOS Driver 3242-Address Multiplexer and Refresh Counter for 16K DRAMs 3245-Quad Bipolar TTL-to-MOS Level Shifter and Driver for 4K 3246-Quad Bipolar ECL-to-MOS Level Shifter and Driver for 4K 3404-High-performance 6-bit Latch 3408-Hex Sense Amp and Latch for MOS Memories

Bus Width 2-n bits data/address (depending on number of slices used)

iPLDs : Intel Programmable Logic Devices

PLDs Family

iFX780-10ns FLEXlogic FPGA With SRAM Option 85C220-80 And 66 Fast Registerd bandwidth 8-Macrocell PLDs 85C224-80 And 66 Fast Registerd bandwidth 8-Macrocell PLDs 85C22V10-Fast 10-Macrocell CHMOS PLD 85C060-Fast 16-Macrocell CHMOS PLD 85C090-Fast 24-Macrocell CHMOS PLD 85C508-Fast 1-Micron CHMOS Decoder/Latch PLD 85C960-Programmable Bus Control PLD 5AC312-1-Micron CHMOS EPLD 5AC324-1-Micron CHMOS EPLD 5C121-EPLD 5C031-300 Gate CMOS PLD 5C032-8-Macrocell PLD 5C060-16-Macrocell PLD

5C090-24-Macrocell PLD 5C180-48-Macrocell PLD

Signal Processor

2900 Family

2910-PCM CODEC Law 2911-PCM CODEC A Law 2912-PCM Line Filters 2913-Combined Single Chip PCM Code And Filter 2914-Combination Codec/Filter 2916-16 Pin CHMOS Single-Chip PCM Codec And Filter -Law 2917-16 Pin CHMOS Single-Chip PCM Codec And Filter A-Law 2920-Signal Processor 2921-ROM Signal Processor 2948-Feature Control Combo 2950-Feature Control Combo 22-pin ,7 Signaling Channels 2951-Feature Control Combo 28-pin ,7 Signaling Channels,Secondary Analog Inputs And Outputs 2952-Integrated I/O Controller 2953-Advanced Transceiver 2970-Single Chip Modem 89027-2400 BPS Intelligent Modem Chip Set

Digital Clocks Processor

5000 Family
These devices are CMOS technology.

5101-1024-bit (256 4) Static RAM 5201/5202-LCD Decoder-Driver 5203 LCD Driver 5204-Time Seconds/Date LCD Decoder-Driver 5234-Quad CMOS-to-MOS Level Shifter and Driver for 4K NMOS RAMs 5235-Quad CMOS TTL-to-MOS Level Shifter and Driver for 4K NMOS 5244-Quad CCD Clock Driver 5801-Low Power Oscillator-Divider 5810-Single ChipTime/Seconds/Date Watch Circuit 5814 4-Digit LCD. 5816 6-Digit LCD. 5830 6-Digit LCD + Chronograph Business Sold.

The 16-bit processors: origin of x86

8086

Introduced June 8, 1978

Clock rates: [2] o 4.77 MHz with 0.33 MIPS o 8 MHz with 0.66 MIPS o 10 MHz with 0.75 MIPS The memory is divided into odd and even banks. It accesses both the banks simultaneously in order to read 16 bit of data in one clock cycle. Bus Width 16 bits data, 20 bits address Number of Transistors 29,000 at 3 m Addressable memory 1 megabyte Up to 10X the performance of 8080 (typically lower) Used in portable computing, and in the IBM PS/2 Model 25 and Model 30. Also used in the AT&T PC6300 / Olivetti M24, a popular IBM PC-compatible (predating the IBM PS/2 line.) Used segment registers to access more than 64 KB of data at once, which many programmers complained made their work excessively difficult.

8088

Introduced June 1, 1979 Clock rates: o 4.77 MHz with 0.33 MIPS [2] o 8 MHz with 0.75 MIPS Internal architecture 16 bits External bus Width 8 bits data, 20 bits address Number of Transistors 29,000 at 3 m Addressable memory 1 megabyte Identical to 8086 except for its 8 bit external bus (hence an 8 instead of a 6 at the end) Used in IBM PCs and PC clones

MCS-86 Family

8086-CPU [3] 8087-Math-CoProcessor [4] 8088-CPU 8089-Input/Output Co-Processor [5] 8208-Dynamic RAM Controller [6] 8284-Clock Generator & Driver [7] 8286-Octal Bus Transceiver 8287-Octal Bus Transceiver 8288-Bus Controller [8] 8289-Bus Arbiter [9] 80130-iRMX 86 Operating System Processors [10] 80186-CPU [11] 80188-CPU [12] 80286-CPU [13] 80287-Math-Coprocessor [14] 82050-Communication Controller [15] 82062-Winchester Disk Controller (ST-506)[16] 82064-Floppy Disk Controller [17] 82091-Advanced Integrated Peripheral [18]

82188-Bus Controller [19] 82288-Bus Controller [20] 82389-Message Passing Coprocessor [21] 82503-Dual Serial Transceiver[22] 82510-Communication Controller [23] 82530-Serial Communication Controller [24] 82577-PCI LAN Controller [25] 82586-IEEE 802.3 EtherNET LAN CoProcessor [26] 82596-LAN-CoProcessor [27] 82720-Graphics Display Controller [28] 82730-Text Coprocessor [29] 80386-CPU [30] 80321-I/O Processor [31] 80387-Math-CoProcessor [32]

80186

Introduced 1982 Clock rates o 6 MHz with > 1 MIPS Number of Transistors 29,000 at 2 m Included two timers, a DMA controller, and an interrupt controller on the chip in addition to the processor (These were at fixed addresses which differed from the IBM PC, making it impossible to build a 100% PC-compatible computer around the 80186.) Added a few opcodes and exceptions to the 8086 design; otherwise identical instruction set to 8086 and 8088. Used mostly in embedded applications controllers, point-of-sale systems, terminals, and the like Used in several non-PC-Compatible MS-DOS computers including RM Nimbus, Tandy 2000 Later renamed the iAPX 186

80188

A version of the 80186 with an 8-bit external data bus Later renamed the iAPX 188

80286

Introduced February 1, 1982 Clock rates: o 6 MHz with 0.9 MIPS o 8 MHz, 10 MHz with 1.5 MIPS o 12.5 MHz with 2.66 MIPS o 16 MHz, 20 MHz and 25 MHz available. Bus Width: 16 bit data, 24 bit address. Included memory protection hardware to support multitasking operating systems with per-process address space Number of Transistors 134,000 at 1.5 m

Addressable memory 16 MB (16 MB) Added protected-mode features to 8086 with essentially the same instruction set 3-6X the performance of the 8086 Widely used in IBM-PC AT and AT clones contemporary to it

32-bit processors: the non-x86 microprocessors

iAPX 432

Introduced January 1, 1981 as Intel's first 32-bit microprocessor Multi-chip CPU; Intel's first 32-bit microprocessor Object/capability architecture Microcoded operating system primitives One terabyte virtual address space Hardware support for fault tolerance Two-chip General Data Processor (GDP), consists of 43201 and 43202 43203 Interface Processor (IP) interfaces to I/O subsystem 43204 Bus Interface Unit (BIU) simplifies building multiprocessor systems 43205 Memory Control Unit (MCU) Architecture and execution unit internal data paths 32 bit Clock rates: o 5 MHz o 7 MHz o 8 MHz

i960 aka 80960

Introduced April 5, 1988 RISC-like 32-bit architecture Predominantly used in embedded systems Evolved from the capability processor developed for the BiiN joint venture with Siemens Many variants identified by two-letter suffixes.

80386SX (chronological entry)

Introduced June 16, 1988 See main entry

80376 (chronological entry)

Introduced January 16, 1989 See main entry

i860 aka 80860

Introduced February 27, 1989 RISC 32/64-bit architecture, with pipeline characteristics very visible to programmer Used in Intel Paragon massively parallel supercomputer

XScale

Introduced August 23, 2000 32-bit RISC microprocessor based on the ARM architecture Many variants, such as the PXA2xx applications processors, IOP3xx I/O processors and IXP2xxx and IXP4xx network processors.

32-bit processors: the 80386 range

80386DX

Introduced October 17, 1985 Clock rates: o 16 MHz with 5 to 6 MIPS o 20 MHz with 6 to 7 MIPS, introduced February 16, 1987 o 25 MHz with 8.5 MIPS, introduced April 4, 1988 o 33 MHz with 11.4 MIPS (9.4 SPECint92 on Compaq/i 16K L2), introduced April 10, 1989 Bus Width 32 bit data, 32 bit address Number of Transistors 275,000 at 1 m Addressable memory 4 GB (4 GB) Virtual memory 64 TB (64 TiB) First x86 chip to handle 32-bit data sets Reworked and expanded memory protection support including paged virtual memory and virtual-86 mode, features required at the time by Xenix and Unix. This memory capability spurred the development and availability of OS/2 and is a fundamental requirement for modern operating systems like Linux, Vista, and Mac OS. Used in Desktop computing

80960 (i960) (chronological entry)

Introduced April 5, 1988 See main entry

80386SX

Introduced June 16, 1988 Clock rates: o 16 MHz with 2.5 MIPS o 20 MHz with 2.5 MIPS, introduced January 25, 1989 o 25 MHz with 2.7 MIPS, introduced January 25, 1989 o 33 MHz with 2.9 MIPS, introduced October 26, 1992 Internal architecture 32 bits External data bus width 16 bits External address bus width 24 bits Number of Transistors 275,000 at 1 m Addressable memory 16 MB Virtual memory 32 GB Narrower buses enable low-cost 32-bit processing Used in entry-level desktop and portable computing No Math Co-Processor

No commercial Software used for protected mode or virtual storage for many years

80376

Introduced January 16, 1989; Discontinued June 15, 2001 Variant of 386SX intended for embedded systems No "real mode", starts up directly in "protected mode" Replaced by much more successful 80386EX from 1994

80860 (i860) (chronological entry)

Introduced February 27, 1989 See main entry

80486DX (chronological entry)

Introduced April 10, 1989 See main entry

80386SL

Introduced October 15, 1990 Clock rates: o 20 MHz with 4.21 MIPS o 25 MHz with 5.3 MIPS, introduced September 30, 1991 Internal architecture 32 bits External bus width 16 bits Number of Transistors 855,000 at 1 m Addressable memory 4 GB Virtual memory 1 TB First chip specifically made for portable computers because of low power consumption of chip Highly integrated, includes cache, bus, and memory controllers

80486SX/DX2/SL, Pentium, 80486DX4 (chronological entries)

Introduced 19911994 See main entries

80386EX

Introduced August 1994 Variant of 80386SX intended for embedded systems Static core, i.e. may run as slowly (and thus, power efficiently) as desired, down to full halt On-chip peripherals: o Clock and power mgmt o Timers/counters o Watchdog timer o Serial I/O units (sync and async) and parallel I/O o DMA

RAM refresh JTAG test logic Significantly more successful than the 80376 Used aboard several orbiting satellites and microsatellites Used in NASA's FlightLinux project

o o

32-bit processors: the 80486 range

80486DX

Introduced April 10, 1989 Clock rates: o 25 MHz with 20 MIPS (16.8 SPECint92, 7.40 SPECfp92) o 33 MHz with 27 MIPS (22.4 SPECint92 on Micronics M4P 128 KB L2), introduced May 7, 1990 o 50 MHz with 41 MIPS (33.4 SPECint92, 14.5 SPECfp92 on Compaq/50L 256 KB L2), introduced June 24, 1991 Bus Width 32 bits Number of Transistors 1.2 million at 1 m; the 50 MHz was at 0.8 m Addressable memory 4 GB Virtual memory 1 TB Level 1 cache of 8 KB on chip Math coprocessor on chip 50X performance of the 8088 Used in Desktop computing and servers Family 4 model 3

80386SL (chronological entry)

Introduced October 15, 1990 See main entry

80486SX

Introduced April 22, 1991 Clock rates: o 16 MHz with 13 MIPS o 20 MHz with 16.5 MIPS, introduced September 16, 1991 o 25 MHz with 20 MIPS (12 SPECint92), introduced September 16, 1991 o 33 MHz with 27 MIPS (15.86 SPECint92), introduced September 21, 1992 Bus Width 32 bits Number of Transistors 1.185 million at 1 m and 900,000 at 0.8 m Addressable memory 4 GB Virtual memory 1 TB Identical in design to 486DX but without math coprocessor. The first version was an 80486DX with disabled mathco in the chip and different pin configuration. If the user needed math co capabilities, he must add 487SX which was actually an 486DX with different pin configuration to prevent the user from installing a 486DX instead of 487SX, so with this configuration 486SX+487SX you had 2 identical CPU's with only 1 turned on Used in low-cost entry to 486 CPU desktop computing Upgradable with the Intel OverDrive processor

Family 4 model 2

80486DX2

Introduced March 3, 1992

Runs at twice the speed of the external bus (FSB).

Clock rates: o 40 MHz o 50 MHz o 66 MHz o 100 MHz (This was only made a short time due to high failure rates.)

80486SL

Introduced November 9, 1992 Clock rates: o 20 MHz with 15.4MIPS o 25 MHz with 19 MIPS o 33 MHz with 25 MIPS Bus Width 32 bits Number of Transistors 1.4 million at 0.8 m Addressable memory 4 GB Virtual memory 1 TB Used in notebook computers Family 4 model 3

Pentium (chronological entry)

Introduced March 22, 1993 See main entry

80486DX4

Introduced March 7, 1994 Clock rates: o 75 MHz with 53 MIPS (41.3 SPECint92, 20.1 SPECfp92 on Micronics M4P 256 KB L2) o 100 MHz with 70.7 MIPS (54.59 SPECint92, 26.91 SPECfp92 on Micronics M4P 256 KB L2) Number of Transistors 1.6 million at 0.6 m Bus width 32 bits Addressable memory 4 GB Virtual memory 64 TB Pin count 168 PGA Package, 208 sq ftP Package Used in high performance entry-level desktops and value notebooks Family 4 model 8

32-bit processors: P5 microarchitecture

Original Pentium

Bus width 64 bits System bus clock rate 60 or 66 MHz Address bus 32 bits Addressable Memory 4 GB Virtual Memory 64 TB Superscalar architecture Runs on 5 volts Used in desktops 16 KB of L1 cache P5 0.8 m process technology o Introduced March 22, 1993 o Number of transistors 3.1 million o Socket 4 273 pin PGA processor package o Package dimensions 2.16" 2.16" o Family 5 model 1 o Variants 60 MHz with 100 MIPS (70.4 SPECint92, 55.1 SPECfp92 on Xpress 256 KB L2) 66 MHz with 112 MIPS (77.9 SPECint92, 63.6 SPECfp92 on Xpress 256 KB L2) P54 0.6 m process technology o Socket 5 296/320 pin PGA package o Number of transistors 3.2 million o Variants 75 MHz Introduced October 10, 1994 90, 100 MHz Introduced March 7, 1994 P54CQS 0.35 m process technology o Socket 5 296/320 pin PGA package o Number of transistors 3.2 million o Variants 120 MHz Introduced March 27, 1995 P54CS 0.35 m process technology o Number of transistors 3.3 million o 90 mm die size o Family 5 model 2 o Variants o Socket 5 296/320 pin PGA package 133 MHz Introduced June 12, 1995 150, 166 MHz Introduced January 4, 1996 o Socket 7 296/321 pin PGA package 200 MHz Introduced June 10, 1996

Pentium with MMX Technology

P55C 0.35 m process technology o Introduced January 8, 1997 o Intel MMX (instruction set) support o Socket 7 296/321 pin PGA (pin grid array) package o 32 KB L1 cache

o o o o

Number of transistors 4.5 million System bus clock rate 66 MHz Basic P55C is family 5 model 4, mobile are family 5 model 7 and 8 Variants 166, 200 MHz Introduced January 8, 1997 233 MHz Introduced June 2, 1997 133 MHz (Mobile) 166, 266 MHz (Mobile) Introduced January 12, 1998 200, 233 MHz (Mobile) Introduced September 8, 1997 300 MHz (Mobile) Introduced January 7, 1999

32-bit processors: P6/Pentium M microarchitecture

Pentium Pro

Introduced November 1, 1995 Precursor to Pentium II and III Primarily used in server systems Socket 8 processor package (387 pins) (Dual SPGA) Number of transistors 5.5 million Family 6 model 1 0.6 m process technology o 16 KB L1 cache o 256 KB integrated L2 cache o 60 MHz system bus clock rate o Variants 150 MHz 0.35 m process technology, or 0.35 m CPU with 0.6 m L2 cache o Number of transistors 5.5 million o 512 KB or 256 KB integrated L2 cache o 60 or 66 MHz system bus clock rate o Variants 166 MHz (66 MHz bus clock rate, 512 KB 0.35 m cache) Introduced November 1, 1995 180 MHz (60 MHz bus clock rate, 256 KB 0.6 m cache) Introduced November 1, 1995 200 MHz (66 MHz bus clock rate, 256 KB 0.6 m cache) Introduced November 1, 1995 200 MHz (66 MHz bus clock rate, 512 KB 0.35 m cache) Introduced November 1, 1995 200 MHz (66 MHz bus clock rate, 1 MB 0.35 m cache) Introduced August 18, 1997

Pentium II

Introduced May 7, 1997 Pentium Pro with MMX and improved 16-bit performance 242-pin Slot 1 (SEC) processor package Slot 1 Number of transistors 7.5 million 32 KB L1 cache 512 KB bandwidth external L2 cache

The only Pentium II that did not have the L2 cache at bandwidth of the core was the Pentium II 450 PE. Klamath 0.35 m process technology (233, 266, 300 MHz) o 66 MHz system bus clock rate o Family 6 model 3 o Variants 233, 266, 300 MHz Introduced May 7, 1997 Deschutes 0.25 m process technology (333, 350, 400, 450 MHz) o Introduced January 26, 1998 o 66 MHz system bus clock rate (333 MHz variant), 100 MHz system bus clock rate for all models after o Family 6 model 5 o Variants 333 MHz Introduced January 26, 1998 350, 400 MHz Introduced April 15, 1998 450 MHz Introduced August 24, 1998 233, 266 MHz (Mobile) Introduced April 2, 1998 333 MHz Pentium II Overdrive processor for Socket 8 Introduced August 10, 1998; Engineering Sample Photo 300 MHz (Mobile) Introduced September 9, 1998 333 MHz (Mobile)

Celeron (Pentium II-based)

Covington 0.25 m process technology o Introduced April 15, 1998 o 242-pin Slot 1 SEPP (Single Edge Processor Package) o Number of transistors 7.5 million o 66 MHz system bus clock rate o Slot 1 o 32 KB L1 cache o No L2 cache o Variants 266 MHz Introduced April 15, 1998 300 MHz Introduced June 9, 1998 Mendocino 0.25 m process technology o Introduced August 24, 1998 o 242-pin Slot 1 SEPP (Single Edge Processor Package), Socket 370 PPGA package o Number of transistors 19 million o 66 MHz system bus clock rate o Slot 1, Socket 370 o 32 KB L1 cache o 128 KB integrated cache o Family 6 model 6 o Variants 300, 333 MHz Introduced August 24, 1998 366, 400 MHz Introduced January 4, 1999 433 MHz Introduced March 22, 1999 466 MHz 500 MHz Introduced August 2, 1999 533 MHz Introduced January 4, 2000 266 MHz (Mobile) 300 MHz (Mobile) 333 MHz (Mobile) Introduced April 5, 1999

366 MHz (Mobile) 400 MHz (Mobile) 433 MHz (Mobile) 450 MHz (Mobile) Introduced February 14, 2000 466 MHz (Mobile) 500 MHz (Mobile) Introduced February 14, 2000

Pentium II Xeon (chronological entry)

Introduced June 29, 1998 See main entry

Pentium III

Katmai 0.25 m process technology o Introduced February 26, 1999 o Improved PII, i.e. P6-based core, now including Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE) o Number of transistors 9.5 million o 512 KB bandwidth L2 External cache o 242-pin Slot 1 SECC2 (Single Edge Contact cartridge 2) processor package o System Bus clock rate 100 MHz, 133 MHz (B-models) o Slot 1 o Family 6 model 7 o Variants 450, 500 MHz Introduced February 26, 1999 550 MHz Introduced May 17, 1999 600 MHz Introduced August 2, 1999 533, 600 MHz Introduced (133 MHz bus clock rate) September 27, 1999 Coppermine 0.18 m process technology o Introduced October 25, 1999 o Number of transistors 28.1 million o 256 KB Advanced Transfer L2 Cache (Integrated) o 242-pin Slot-1 SECC2 (Single Edge Contact cartridge 2) processor package, 370-pin FC-PGA (Flip-chip pin grid array) package o System Bus clock rate 100 MHz (E-models), 133 MHz (EB models) o Slot 1, Socket 370 o Family 6 model 8 o Variants 500 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) 533 MHz 550 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) 600 MHz 600 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) 650 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) Introduced October 25, 1999 667 MHz Introduced October 25, 1999 700 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) Introduced October 25, 1999 733 MHz Introduced October 25, 1999 750, 800 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) Introduced December 20, 1999 850 MHz (100 MHz bus clock rate) Introduced March 20, 2000 866 MHz Introduced March 20, 2000 933 MHz Introduced May 24, 2000 1000 MHz Introduced March 8, 2000 (Not widely available at time of release)

1100 MHz 1133 MHz (first version recalled, later re-released) 400, 450, 500 MHz (Mobile) Introduced October 25, 1999 600, 650 MHz (Mobile) Introduced January 18, 2000 700 MHz (Mobile) Introduced April 24, 2000 750 MHz (Mobile) Introduced June 19, 2000 800, 850 MHz (Mobile) Introduced September 25, 2000 900, 1000 MHz (Mobile) Introduced March 19, 2001 Tualatin 0.13 m process technology o Introduced July 2001 o Number of transistors 28.1 million o 32 KB L1 cache o 256 KB or 512 KB Advanced Transfer L2 cache (Integrated) o 370-pin FC-PGA2 (Flip-chip pin grid array) package o 133 MHz system bus clock rate o Socket 370 o Family 6 model 11 o Variants 1133 MHz (256 KB L2) 1133 MHz (512 KB L2) 1200 MHz 1266 MHz (512 KB L2) 1333 MHz 1400 MHz (512 KB L2)

Pentium II and III Xeon

PII Xeon o Variants 400 MHz Introduced June 29, 1998 450 MHz (512 KB L2 Cache) Introduced October 6, 1998 450 MHz (1 MB and 2 MB L2 Cache) Introduced January 5, 1999 PIII Xeon o Introduced October 25, 1999 o Number of transistors: 9.5 million at 0.25 m or 28 million at 0.18 m o L2 cache is 256 KB, 1 MB, or 2 MB Advanced Transfer Cache (Integrated) o Processor Package Style is Single Edge Contact Cartridge (S.E.C.C.2) or SC330 o System Bus clock rate 133 MHz (256 KB L2 cache) or 100 MHz (1 2 MB L2 cache) o System Bus Width 64 bit o Addressable memory 64 GB o Used in two-way servers and workstations (256 KB L2) or 4- and 8-way servers (1 2 MB L2) o Family 6 model 10 o Variants 500 MHz (0.25 m process) Introduced March 17, 1999 550 MHz (0.25 m process) Introduced August 23, 1999 600 MHz (0.18 m process, 256 KB L2 cache) Introduced October 25, 1999 667 MHz (0.18 m process, 256 KB L2 cache) Introduced October 25, 1999 733 MHz (0.18 m process, 256 KB L2 cache) Introduced October 25, 1999 800 MHz (0.18 m process, 256 KB L2 cache) Introduced January 12, 2000 866 MHz (0.18 m process, 256 KB L2 cache) Introduced April 10, 2000 933 MHz (0.18 m process, 256 KB L2 cache) 1000 MHz (0.18 m process, 256 KB L2 cache) Introduced August 22, 2000

700 MHz (0.18 m process, 1 2 MB L2 cache) Introduced May 22, 2000

Celeron (Pentium III Coppermine-based)

Coppermine-128, 0.18 m process technology o Introduced March, 2000 o Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE) o Socket 370, FC-PGA processor package o Number of transistors 28.1 million o 66 MHz system bus clock rate, 100 MHz system bus clock rate from January 3, 2001 o 32 kB L1 cache o 128 kB Advanced Transfer L2 cache o Family 6 model 8 o Variants 533 MHz 566 MHz 600 MHz 633, 667, 700 MHz Introduced June 26, 2000 733, 766 MHz Introduced November 13, 2000 800 MHz Introduced January 3, 2001 850 MHz Introduced April 9, 2001 900 MHz Introduced July 2, 2001 950, 1000, 1100 MHz Introduced August 31, 2001 550 MHz (Mobile) 600, 650 MHz (Mobile) Introduced June 19, 2000 700 MHz (Mobile) Introduced September 25, 2000 750 MHz (Mobile) Introduced March 19, 2001 800 MHz (Mobile) 850 MHz (Mobile) Introduced July 2, 2001 600 MHz (LV Mobile) 500 MHz (ULV Mobile) Introduced January 30, 2001 600 MHz (ULV Mobile)

XScale (chronological entry)

Introduced August 23, 2000 See main entry

Pentium 4 (not 4EE, 4E, 4F), Itanium, P4-based Xeon, Itanium 2 (chronological
entries)

Introduced April 2000 July 2002 See main entries

Celeron (Pentium III Tualatin-based)

Tualatin Celeron 0.13 m process technology o 32 KB L1 cache o 256 KB Advanced Transfer L2 cache o 100 MHz system bus clock rate o Socket 370

o o

Family 6 model 11 Variants 1.0 GHz 1.1 GHz 1.2 GHz 1.3 GHz 1.4 GHz

Pentium M

Banias 0.13 m process technology o Introduced March 2003 o 64 KB L1 cache o 1 MB L2 cache (integrated) o Based on Pentium III core, with SSE2 SIMD instructions and deeper pipeline o Number of transistors 77 million o Micro-FCPGA, Micro-FCBGA processor package o Heart of the Intel mobile Centrino system o 400 MHz Netburst-style system bus o Family 6 model 9 o Variants 900 MHz (Ultra low voltage) 1.0 GHz (Ultra low voltage) 1.1 GHz (Low voltage) 1.2 GHz (Low voltage) 1.3 GHz 1.4 GHz 1.5 GHz 1.6 GHz 1.7 GHz Dothan 0.09 m (90 nm) process technology o Introduced May 2004 o 2 MB L2 cache o 140 million transistors o Revised data prefetch unit o 400 MHz Netburst-style system bus o 21W TDP o Family 6 model 13 o Variants 1.00 GHz (Pentium M 723) (Ultra low voltage, 5W TDP) 1.10 GHz (Pentium M 733) (Ultra low voltage, 5W TDP) 1.20 GHz (Pentium M 753) (Ultra low voltage, 5W TDP) 1.30 GHz (Pentium M 718) (Low voltage, 10W TDP) 1.40 GHz (Pentium M 738) (Low voltage, 10W TDP) 1.50 GHz (Pentium M 758) (Low voltage, 10W TDP) 1.60 GHz (Pentium M 778) (Low voltage, 10W TDP) 1.40 GHz (Pentium M 710) 1.50 GHz (Pentium M 715) 1.60 GHz (Pentium M 725) 1.70 GHz (Pentium M 735) 1.80 GHz (Pentium M 745) 2.00 GHz (Pentium M 755) 2.10 GHz (Pentium M 765) Dothan 533 0.09 m (90 nm) process technology

Introduced Q1 2005 Same as Dothan except with a 533 MHz NetBurst-style system bus and 27W TDP Variants 1.60 GHz (Pentium M 730) 1.73 GHz (Pentium M 740) 1.86 GHz (Pentium M 750) 2.00 GHz (Pentium M 760) 2.13 GHz (Pentium M 770) 2.26 GHz (Pentium M 780) Stealey 0.09 m (90 nm) process technology o Introduced Q2 2007 o 512 KB L2, 3W TDP o Variants 600 MHz (A100) 800 MHz (A110)

o o o

Celeron M

Banias-512 0.13 m process technology o Introduced March 2003 o 64 KB L1 cache o 512 KB L2 cache (integrated) o SSE2 SIMD instructions o No SpeedStep technology, is not part of the 'Centrino' package o Family 6 model 9 o Variants 310 1.20 GHz 320 1.30 GHz 330 1.40 GHz 340 1.50 GHz Dothan-1024 90 nm process technology o 64 KB L1 cache o 1 MB L2 cache (integrated) o SSE2 SIMD instructions o No SpeedStep technology, is not part of the 'Centrino' package o Variants 350 1.30 GHz 350J 1.30 GHz, with Execute Disable bit 360 1.40 GHz 360J 1.40 GHz, with Execute Disable bit 370 1.50 GHz, with Execute Disable bit [33] Family 6, Model 13, Stepping 8 380 1.60 GHz, with Execute Disable bit 390 1.70 GHz, with Execute Disable bit Yonah-1024 65 nm process technology o 64 KB L1 cache o 1 MB L2 cache (integrated) o SSE3 SIMD instructions, 533 MHz front-side bus, execute-disable bit o No SpeedStep technology, is not part of the 'Centrino' package o Variants 410 1.46 GHz 420 1.60 GHz, 423 1.06 GHz (ultra low voltage) 430 1.73 GHz

440 1.86 GHz 443 1.20 GHz (ultra low voltage) 450 2.00 GHz

Intel Core

Yonah 0.065 m (65 nm) process technology o Introduced January 2006 o 533/667 MHz front side bus o 2 MB (Shared on Duo) L2 cache o SSE3 SIMD instructions o 31W TDP (T versions) o Family 6, Model 14 o Variants: Intel Core Duo T2700 2.33 GHz Intel Core Duo T2600 2.16 GHz Intel Core Duo T2500 2 GHz Intel Core Duo T2450 2 GHz Intel Core Duo T2400 1.83 GHz Intel Core Duo T2300 1.66 GHz Intel Core Duo T2050 1.6 GHz Intel Core Duo T2300e 1.66 GHz Intel Core Duo T2080 1.73 GHz Intel Core Duo L2500 1.83 GHz (Low voltage, 15W TDP) Intel Core Duo L2400 1.66 GHz (Low voltage, 15W TDP) Intel Core Duo L2300 1.5 GHz (Low voltage, 15W TDP) Intel Core Duo U2500 1.2 GHz (Ultra low voltage, 9W TDP) Intel Core Solo T1350 1.86 GHz (533 FSB) Intel Core Solo T1300 1.66 GHz [34] Intel Core Solo T1200 1.5 GHz

Dual-Core Xeon LV

Sossaman 0.065 m (65 nm) process technology o Introduced March 2006 o Based on Yonah core, with SSE3 SIMD instructions o 667 MHz frontside bus o 2 MB Shared L2 cache o Variants 2.0 GHz

32-bit processors: NetBurst microarchitecture

Pentium 4

0.18 m process technology (1.40 and 1.50 GHz) o Introduced November 20, 2000 o L2 cache was 256 KB Advanced Transfer Cache (Integrated) o Processor Package Style was PGA423, PGA478 o System Bus clock rate 400 MHz o SSE2 SIMD Extensions o Number of Transistors 42 million o Used in desktops and entry-level workstations

0.18 m process technology (1.7 GHz) o Introduced April 23, 2001 o See the 1.4 and 1.5 chips for details 0.18 m process technology (1.6 and 1.8 GHz) o Introduced July 2, 2001 o See 1.4 and 1.5 chips for details o Core Voltage is 1.15 volts in Maximum Performance Mode; 1.05 volts in Battery Optimized Mode o Power <1 watt in Battery Optimized Mode o Used in full-size and then light mobile PCs 0.18 m process technology Willamette (1.9 and 2.0 GHz) o Introduced August 27, 2001 o See 1.4 and 1.5 chips for details Family 15 model 1 Pentium 4 (2 GHz, 2.20 GHz) o Introduced January 7, 2002 Pentium 4 (2.4 GHz) o Introduced April 2, 2002 0.13 m process technology Northwood A (1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.2, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.8(OEM),3.0(OEM) GHz) o Improved branch prediction and other microcodes tweaks o 512 KB integrated L2 cache o Number of transistors 55 million o 400 MHz system bus. Family 15 model 2 0.13 m process technology Northwood B (2.26, 2.4, 2.53, 2.66, 2.8, 3.06 GHz) o 533 MHz system bus. (3.06 includes Intel's hyper threading technology). 0.13 m process technology Northwood C (2.4, 2.6, 2.8, 3.0, 3.2, 3.4 GHz) o 800 MHz system bus (all versions include Hyper Threading) o 6500 to 10000 MIPS

Itanium (chronological entry)

Introduced 2001 See main entry

Xeon

Official designation now Xeon, i.e. not "Pentium 4 Xeon" Xeon 1.4, 1.5, 1.7 GHz o Introduced May 21, 2001 o L2 cache was 256 KB Advanced Transfer Cache (Integrated) o Processor Package Style was Organic Land Grid Array 603 (OLGA 603) o System Bus clock rate 400 MHz o SSE2 SIMD Extensions o Used in high-performance and mid-range dual processor enabled workstations Xeon 2.0 GHz and up to 3.6 GHz o Introduced September 25, 2001

Itanium 2 (chronological entry)

Introduced July 2002 See main entry

Mobile Pentium 4-M

0.13 m process technology 55 million transistors cache L2 512 KB BUS a 400 MHz Supports up to 1 GB of DDR 266 MHz Memory Supports ACPI 2.0 and APM 1.2 System Power Management 1.3 V 1.2 V (SpeedStep) Power: 1.2 GHz 20.8 W, 1.6 GHz 30 W, 2.6 GHz 35 W Sleep Power 5 W (1.2 V) Deeper Sleep Power = 2.9 W (1.0 V)
o o o o o o o o o o o

1.40 GHz 23 April 2002 1.50 GHz 23 April 2002 1.60 GHz 4 March 2002 1.70 GHz 4 March 2002 1.80 GHz 23 April 2002 1.90 GHz 24 June 2002 2.00 GHz 24 June 2002 2.20 GHz 16 September 2002 2.40 GHz 14 January 2003 2.50 GHz 16 April 2003 2.60 GHz 11 June 2003

Pentium 4 EE

Introduced September 2003 EE = "Extreme Edition" Built from the Xeon's "Gallatin" core, but with 2 MB cache-

Pentium 4E

Introduced February 2004 built on 0.09 m (90 nm) process technology Prescott (2.4A, 2.8, 2.8A, 3.0, 3.2, 3.4, 3.6, 3.8) 1 MB L2 cache 533 MHz system bus (2.4A and 2.8A only) Number of Transistors 125 million on 1 MB Models Number of Transistors 169 million on 2 MB Models 800 MHz system bus (all other models) Hyper-Threading support is only available on CPUs using the 800 MHz system bus. The processor's integer instruction pipeline has been increased from 20 stages to 31 stages, which theoretically allows for even greater bandwidth. 7500 to 11000 MIPS

LGA 775 versions are in the 5xx series (32-bit) and 5x1 series (with Intel 64) The 6xx series has 2 MB L2 cache and Intel 64

Pentium 4F

Introduced Spring 2004 same core as 4E, "Prescott" 3.23.6 GHz starting with the D0 stepping of this processor, Intel 64 64-bit extensions has also been incorporated

64-bit processors: IA-64

New instruction set, not at all related to x86. Before the feature was eliminated (Montecito, July 2006) IA-64 processors supported 32-bit x86 in hardware, but slowly (see its 2001 market reception and 2006 architectural changes).[dubious discuss]

Itanium

Code name Merced Family 0x07 Released May 29, 2001 733 MHz and 800 MHz 2MB cache all recalled and replaced by Itanium-II

Itanium 2

Family 0x1F Released July 2002 900 MHz 1.6 GHz McKinley 900 MHz 1.5MB cache, Model 0x0 McKinley 1 GHz, 3MB cache, Model 0x0 Deerfield 1 GHz, 1.5MB cache, Model 0x1 Madison 1.3 GHz, 3MB cache, Model 0x1 Madison 1.4 GHz, 4MB cache, Model 0x1 Madison 1.5 GHz, 6MB cache, Model 0x1 Madison 1.67 GHz, 9MB cache, Model 0x1 Hondo 1.4 GHz, 4MB cache, dual core MCM, Model 0x1

64-bit processors: Intel 64 NetBurst microarchitecture

Intel Extended Memory 64 Technology Mostly compatible with AMD's AMD64 architecture Introduced Spring 2004, with the Pentium 4F (D0 and later P4 steppings)

Pentium 4F

Prescott-2M built on 0.09 m (90 nm) process technology 2.83.8 GHz (model numbers 6x0) Introduced February 20, 2005

Same features as Prescott with the addition of:o 2 MB cache o Intel 64bit o Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology (EIST) Cedar Mill built on 0.065 m (65 nm) process technology 3.03.6 (model numbers 6x1) Introduced January 16, 2006 die shrink of Prescott-2M Same features as Prescott-2M

Pentium D
Main article: List of Intel Pentium D microprocessors

Dual-core microprocessor No Hyper-Threading 800(4200) MHz front side bus LGA 775 (Socket T) Smithfield 90 nm process technology (2.663.2 GHz) o Introduced May 26, 2005 o 2.663.2 GHz (model numbers 805840) o Number of Transistors 230 million o 1 MB 2 (non-shared, 2 MB total) L2 cache o Cache coherency between cores requires communication over the FSB o Performance increase of 60% over similarly clocked Prescott o 2.66 GHz (533 MHz FSB) Pentium D 805 introduced December 2005 o Contains 2x Prescott dies in one package Presler 65 nm process technology (2.83.6 GHz) o Introduced January 16, 2006 o 2.83.6 GHz (model numbers 915960) o Number of Transistors 376 million o 2 MB 2 (non-shared, 4 MB total) L2 cache o Contains 2x Cedar Mill dies in one package

Pentium Extreme Edition

Dual-core microprocessor Enabled Hyper-Threading 800(4200) MHz front side bus Smithfield 90 nm process technology (3.2 GHz) o Variants Pentium 840 EE 3.20 GHz (2 1 MB L2) Presler 65 nm process technology (3.46, 3.73) o 2 MB 2 (non-shared, 4 MB total) L2 cache o Variants Pentium 955 EE 3.46 GHz, 1066 MHz front side bus Pentium 965 EE 3.73 GHz, 1066 MHz front side bus

Xeon

Nocona
o

Introduced 2004

Irwindale o Introduced 2004 Cranford o Introduced April 2005 o MP version of Nocona Potomac o Introduced April 2005 o Cranford with 8 MB of L3 cache Paxville DP (2.8 GHz) o Introduced October 10, 2005 o Dual-core version of Irwindale, with 4 MB of L2 Cache (2 MB per core) o 2.8 GHz o 800 MT/s front side bus Paxville MP 90 nm process (2.67 3.0 GHz) o Introduced November 1, 2005 o Dual-Core Xeon 7000 series o MP-capable version of Paxville DP o 2 MB of L2 Cache (1 MB per core) or 4 MB of L2 (2 MB per core) o 667 MT/s FSB or 800 MT/s FSB Dempsey 65 nm process (2.67 3.73 GHz) o Introduced May 23, 2006 o Dual-Core Xeon 5000 series o MP version of Presler o 667 MT/s or 1066 MT/s FSB o 4 MB of L2 Cache (2 MB per core) o LGA 771 (Socket J). Tulsa 65 nm process (2.5 3.4 GHz) o Introduced August 29, 2006 o Dual-Core Xeon 7100-series o Improved version of Paxville MP o 667 MT/s or 800 MT/s FSB

64-bit processors: Intel 64 Core micro architecture

Xeon

Woodcrest 65 nm process technology o Server and Workstation CPU (SMP support for dual CPU system) o Introduced June 26, 2006 o Dual-Core o Intel VT-x, multiple OS support o EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology) in 5140, 5148LV, 5150, 5160 o Execute Disable Bit o TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions

o o o

SSSE3 SIMD instructions iAMT2 (Intel Active Management Technology), remotely manage computers Variants Xeon 5160 3.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 80 W) Xeon 5150 2.66 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W) Xeon 5140 2.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W) Xeon 5130 2.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65 W) Xeon 5120 1.86 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 65 W) Xeon 5110 1.60 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 65 W) Xeon 5148LV 2.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 40 W) Low Voltage Edition

Clovertown 65 nm process technology o Server and Workstation CPU (SMP support for dual CPU system) o Introduced December 13, 2006 o Quad Core o Intel VT-x, multiple OS support o EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology) in E5365, L5335 o Execute Disable Bit o TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions o SSSE3 SIMD instructions o iAMT2 (Intel Active Management Technology), remotely manage computers o Variants Xeon X5355 2.66 GHz (24 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 105 W) Xeon E5345 2.33 GHz (24 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 80 W) Xeon E5335 2.00 GHz (24 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 80 W) Xeon E5320 1.86 GHz (24 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 65 W) Xeon E5310 1.60 GHz (24 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 65 W) Xeon L5320 1.86 GHz (24 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 50 W)-- Low Voltage Edition

Intel Core 2

Conroe 65 nm process technology o Desktop CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs) o Two cores on one die o Introduced July 27, 2006 o SSSE3 SIMD instructions o Number of Transistors: 291 Million o 64 KB of L1 cache per core (32+32 KB 8-way) o Intel VT-x, multiple OS support o TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions o Execute Disable Bit o EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology) o iAMT2 (Intel Active Management Technology), remotely manage computers o LGA 775 o Variants Core 2 Duo E6850 3.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo X6800 2.93 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E6750 2.67 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E6700 2.67 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E6600 2.40 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E6550 2.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E6420 2.13 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)

Core 2 Duo E6400 2.13 GHz (2 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E6320 1.86 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB) Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 6 Core 2 Duo E6300 1.86 GHz (2 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)

Conroe XE 65 nm process technology o Desktop Extreme Edition CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs) o Introduced July 27, 2006 o same features as Conroe o LGA 775 o Variants Core 2 Extreme X6800 2.93 GHz (4 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB) Allendale 65 nm process technology o Desktop CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs) o Two CPUs on one die o Introduced January 21, 2007 o SSSE3 SIMD instructions o Number of Transistors 167 Million o TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions o Execute Disable Bit o EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology) o iAMT2 (Intel Active Management Technology), remotely manage computers o LGA 775 o Variants Core 2 Duo E4700 2.60 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E4600 2.40 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E4500 2.20 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E4400 2.00 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E4300 1.80 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 2 Merom 65 nm process technology o Mobile CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs) o Introduced July 27, 2006 o Family 6, Model 15 o same features as Conroe o Socket M / Socket P o Variants Core 2 Duo T7800 2.60 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) (Santa Rosa platform) Core 2 Duo T7700 2.40 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo T7600 2.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo T7500 2.20 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo T7400 2.16 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo T7300 2.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo T7250 2.00 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo T7200 2.00 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo T7100 1.80 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo T5600 1.83 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB) Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 6 Core 2 Duo T5550 1.83 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB, no VT) Core 2 Duo T5500 1.66 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB, no VT) Core 2 Duo T5470 1.60 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB, no VT)

Core 2 Duo T5450 1.66 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB, no VT) Core 2 Duo T5300 1.73 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB, no VT) Core 2 Duo T5270 1.40 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB, no VT) Core 2 Duo T5250 1.50 GHz (2 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB, no VT) Core 2 Duo T5200 1.60 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB, no VT) Core 2 Duo L7500 1.60 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) (Low Voltage) Core 2 Duo L7400 1.50 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB) (Low Voltage) Core 2 Duo L7300 1.40 GHz (4 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) (Low Voltage) Core 2 Duo L7200 1.33 GHz (4 MB L2, 667 MHz FSB) (Low Voltage) Core 2 Duo U7700 1.33 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB) (Ultra Low Voltage) Core 2 Duo U7600 1.20 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB) (Ultra Low Voltage) Core 2 Duo U7500 1.06 GHz (2 MB L2, 533 MHz FSB) (Ultra Low Voltage)

Kentsfield 65 nm process technology o Two dual-core cpu dies in one package. o Desktop CPU Quad Core (SMP support restricted to 4 CPUs) o Introduced December 13, 2006 o same features as Conroe but with 4 CPU Cores o Number of Transistors 586 Million o LGA 775 o Family 6, Model 15, Stepping 11 o Variants Core 2 Extreme QX6850 3 GHz (24 MB L2 Cache, 1333 MHz FSB) Core 2 Extreme QX6800 2.93 GHz (24 MB L2 Cache, 1066 MHz FSB) (April 9, 2007) Core 2 Extreme QX6700 2.66 GHz (24 MB L2 Cache, 1066 MHz FSB) (November 14, 2006) Core 2 Quad Q6700 2.66 GHz (24 MB L2 Cache, 1066 MHz FSB) (July 22, 2007) Core 2 Quad Q6600 2.40 GHz (24 MB L2 Cache, 1066 MHz FSB) (January 7, 2007) Wolfdale 45 nm process technology o Die shrink of Conroe o Same features as Conroe with the addition of: 50% more cache, 6 MB as opposed to 4 MB Intel Trusted Execution Technology SSE4 SIMD instructions o Number of Transistors 410 Million o Variants Core 2 Duo E8600 3.33 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E8500 3.16 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E8400 3.00 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E8300 2.83 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E8200 2.66 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E8190 2.66 GHz (6 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, no TXT, no VT) Wolfdale-3M 45 nm process technology o Intel Trusted Execution Technology o Variants Core 2 Duo E7600 3.06 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)

Core 2 Duo E7500 2.93 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E7400 2.80 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E7300 2.66 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB) Core 2 Duo E7200 2.53 GHz (3 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)

Yorkfield 45 nm process technology o Quad core CPU o Die shrink of Kentsfield o Contains 2x Wolfdale dual core dies in one package o Same features as Wolfdale o Number of Transistors 820 Million o Variants Core 2 Extreme QX9770 3.20 GHz (26 MB L2, 1600 MHz FSB) Core 2 Extreme QX9650 3.00 GHz (26 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB) Core 2 Quad Q9650 3 GHz (26 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB) Core 2 Quad Q9550 2.83 GHz (26 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q9550s 2.83 GHz (26 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q9450 2.66 GHz (26 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q9505 2.83 GHz (23 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q9505s 2.83 GHz (23 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q9500 2.83 GHz (23 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP, no TXT) Core 2 Quad Q9400 2.66 GHz (23 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q9400s 2.66 GHz (23 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q9300 2.50 GHz (23 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q8400 2.66 GHz (22 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q8400s 2.66 GHz (22 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q8300 2.50 GHz (22 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q8300s 2.50 GHz (22 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q8200 2.33 GHz (22 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 95W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q8200s 2.33 GHz (22 MB L2, 1333 MHz FSB, 65W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q7600 2.70 GHz (21 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB, no SSE4) (no Q7600 at http://ark.intel.com/ProductCollection.aspx?familyID=28398) Intel Core2 Quad Mobile Processor Family 45 nm process technology o Quad core CPU o Variants Core 2 Quad Q9100 2.26 GHz (26 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 45W TDP) Core 2 Quad Q9000 2.00 GHz (23 MB L2, 1066 MHz FSB, 45W TDP)

Pentium Dual Core

Allendale 65 nm process technology o Desktop CPU (SMP support restricted to 2 CPUs) o Two cores on one die o Introduced January 21, 2007 o SSSE3 SIMD instructions o Number of Transistors 167 Million o TXT, enhanced security hardware extensions o Execute Disable Bit o EIST (Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology) o Variants Intel Pentium E2220 2.40 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Intel Pentium E2200 2.20 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)

Intel Pentium E2180 2.00 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Intel Pentium E2160 1.80 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Intel Pentium E2140 1.60 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Wolfdale-3M 45 nm process technology o Intel Pentium E6800 3.33 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB) o Intel Pentium E6700 3.20 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB) o Intel Pentium E6600 3.06 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB) o Intel Pentium E6500 2.93 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB) o Intel Pentium E6300 2.80 GHz (2 MB L2,1066 MHz FSB) o Intel Pentium E5700 3.00 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) o Intel Pentium E5500 2.80 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) o Intel Pentium E5400 2.70 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) o Intel Pentium E5300 2.60 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) o Intel Pentium E5200 2.50 GHz (2 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) o Intel Pentium E2210 2.20 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB)

Celeron

Allendale 65 nm process technology o Variants Intel Celeron E1600 2.40 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Intel Celeron E1500 2.20 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Intel Celeron E1400 2.00 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Intel Celeron E1300 1.80 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB) (Exist?) Intel Celeron E1200 1.60 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Wolfdale-3M 45 nm process technology o Variants Intel Celeron E3500 2.70 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Intel Celeron E3400 2.60 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Intel Celeron E3300 2.50 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Intel Celeron E3200 2.40 GHz (1 MB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Conroe-L 65 nm process technology o Variants Intel Celeron 450 2.20 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Intel Celeron 440 2.00 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Intel Celeron 430 1.80 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Intel Celeron 420 1.60 GHz (512 KB L2, 800 MHz FSB) Intel Celeron 220 1.20 GHz (512 KB L2, 533 MHz FSB) Conroe-CL 65 nm process technology o LGA 771 package o Variants Intel Celeron 445 1.87 GHz (512 KB L2, 1066 MHz FSB)

Celeron M

Merom-L 65 nm process technology o 64 KB L1 cache o 1 MB L2 cache (integrated) o SSE3 SIMD instructions, 533 MHz front-side bus, execute-disable bit, 64-bit o No SpeedStep technology, is not part of the 'Centrino' package o Variants 520 1.60 GHz 530 1.73 GHz

540 1.86 GHz 550 2.00 GHz 560 - 2.13 GHz

32-bit processors: Intel 32 Intel Atom

TODO: http://ark.intel.com/ProductCollection.aspx?familyId=29035

64-bit processors: Intel 64 Nehalem micro architecture

Intel Pentium

Clarkdale 32 nm process technology o 2 physical cores/2 threads o 3 MB L3 cache o Introduced January 2010 o Socket 1156 LGA o 2-channels DDR3 o Integrated HD GPU o Variants [35] G6950 - 2.8 GHz (No HyperThreading)

Core i3

Clarkdale 32 nm process technology o 2 physical cores/4 threads o 64 Kb L1 cache o 512 Kb L2 cache o 4 MB L3 cache o Introduced January, 2010 o Socket 1156 LGA o 2-channels DDR3 o Integrated HD GPU o Variants 530 2.93 GHz Hyper-Threading 540 3.06 GHz Hyper-Threading 550 3.2 GHz Hyper-Threading 560 3.33 GHz Hyper-Threading

Core i5

Lynnfield 45 nm process technology o 4 physical cores o 32+32 Kb (per core) L1 cache o 256 Kb (per core) L2 cache o 8 MB common L3 cache o Introduced September 8, 2009 o Family 6 Model E (Ext. Model 1E) o Socket 1156 LGA o 2-channels DDR3 o Variants 750S 2.40 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost

750 2.66 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost 760 2.80 GHz/3.33 GHz Turbo Boost

Clarkdale 32 nm process technology o 2 physical cores/4 threads o 64 Kb L1 cache o 512 Kb L2 cache o 4 MB L3 cache o Introduced January, 2010 o Socket 1156 LGA o 2-channels DDR3 o Integrated HD GPU o AES Support o Variants 650/655K 3.2 GHz Hyper-Threading Turbo Boost 660/661 3.33 GHz Hyper-Threading Turbo Boost 670 3.46 GHz Hyper-Threading Turbo Boost 680 3.60 GHz Hyper-Threading Turbo Boost

Core i7

Bloomfield 45 nm process technology o 4 physical cores o 256 KB L2 cache o 8 MB L3 cache o Front side bus replaced with QuickPath up to 6.4GT/s o Hyper-Threading is again included. This had previously been removed at the introduction of Core line o 781 million transistors o Intel Turbo Boost Technology o TDP 130W o Introduced November 17, 2008 o Socket 1366 LGA o 3-channels DDR3 o Variants 975 (extreme edition) 3.33 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost 965 (extreme edition) 3.20 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost 960 - 3.20 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost 950 3.06 GHz/3.33 GHz Turbo Boost 940 2.93 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost 930 2.80 GHz/3.06 GHz Turbo Boost 920 2.66 GHz/2.93 GHz Turbo Boost Lynnfield 45 nm process technology o 4 physical cores o 256 KB L2 cache o 8 MB L3 cache o No Quick Path, instead compatible with slower DMI interface o Hyper-Threading is included o Introduced September 8, 2009 o Socket 1156 LGA o 2-channels DDR3 o Variants 880 3.06 GHz/3.73 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 95W) 870/875K 2.93 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 95W)

870S 2.67 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 82W) 860 2.80 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 95W) 860S 2.53 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost (TDP 82W)

TODO: Westmere

Gulftown 32 nm process technology o 6 physical cores o 256 KB L2 cache o 12 MB L3 cache o Front side bus replaced with QuickPath up to 6.4GT/s o Hyper-Threading is included o Intel Turbo Boost Technology o Socket 1366 LGA o TDP 130W o Introduced 16 March 2010 o Variants 990X Extreme Edition - 3.46 GHz/3.73 GHz Turbo Boost 980X Extreme Edition - 3.33 GHz/3.60 GHz Turbo Boost 970 - 3.20 GHz/3.46 GHz Turbo Boost Intel Core i7 Mobile Processor Family 45 nm process technology o 4 physical cores o Hyper-Threading is included o Intel Turbo Boost Technology o Variants 940XM Extreme Edition - 2.13 GHz/3.33 GHz Turbo Boost (8 MB L3, TDP 55W) 920XM Extreme Edition - 2.00 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost (8 MB L3, TDP 55W) 840QM - 1.86 GHz/3.20 GHz Turbo Boost (8 MB L3, TDP 45W) 820QM - 1.73 GHz/3.06 GHz Turbo Boost (8 MB L3, TDP 45W) 740QM - 1.73 GHz/2.93 GHz Turbo Boost (6 MB L3, TDP 45W) 720QM - 1.60 GHz/2.80 GHz Turbo Boost (6 MB L3, TDP 45W)

Xeon

Gainestown 45 nm process technology o Same processor dies as Bloomfield o 256 KB L2 cache o 8 MB L3 cache, 4MB may be disabled o QuickPath up to 6.4GT/s o Hyper-Threading is included in some models o 781 million transistors o Introduced March 29, 2009 o Variants W5590, W5580, X5570, X5560, X5550, E5540, E5530, L5530, E5520, L5520, L5518 4 Cores, 8 MB L3 cache, HT E5506, L5506, E5504 4 cores, 4 MB L3 cache, no HT L5508, E5502, E5502 2 cores, 4 MB L3 cache, no HT

Intel 805xx product codes

Intel discontinued the use of part numbers such as 80486 in the marketing of mainstream x86-architecture microprocessors with the introduction of the Pentium brand in 1993. However, numerical codes, in the 805xx range, continued to be assigned to these processors for internal and part numbering uses. The following is a list of such product codes in numerical order:
Product code 80500 80501 80502 80503 80521 80522 80523 80524 80525 80526 80528 80529 80530 80531 80532 80533 80534 80535 80536 Pentium Pentium Pentium Pentium with MMX Technology Pentium Pro Pentium II Pentium II, Celeron, Pentium II Xeon Pentium II, Celeron Pentium III, Pentium III Xeon Pentium III, Celeron, Pentium III Xeon Pentium 4, Xeon cancelled Pentium III, Celeron Pentium 4, Celeron Pentium 4, Celeron, Xeon Pentium III Pentium 4 SFF Pentium M, Celeron M 310340 Pentium M, Celeron M 350390 Marketing name(s) P5 (A-step) P5 P54C, P54CS P55C, Tillamook P6 Klamath Deschutes, Covington, Drake Dixon, Mendocino Katmai, Tanner Coppermine, Cascades Willamette (Socket 423), Foster Timna Tualatin Willamette (Socket 478) Northwood, Prestonia, Gallatin Coppermine (cD0-step) Northwood (small form factor) Banias Dothan Codename(s)

80537 80538 80539 80541 80542 80543 80546 80547 80548 80549 80550 80551 80552 80553 80554 80555 80556 80557 80560 80562 80563 80564 80565

Core 2 Duo T5xxx, T7xxx, Celeron M 5xx Core Solo, Celeron M 4xx Core Duo, Pentium Dual-Core T-series Itanium Itanium 2 Itanium 2 Pentium 4, Celeron D, Xeon Pentium 4, Celeron D canceled Itanium 2 90xx Dual-Core Xeon 71xx Pentium D, Pentium EE, Dual-Core Xeon Pentium 4, Celeron D Pentium D, Pentium EE Celeron 800/900/1000 ULV Dual-Core Xeon 50xx Dual-Core Xeon 51xx

Merom Yonah Yonah Merced McKinley Madison Prescott (Socket 478), Nocona, Irwindale, Cranford, Potomac Prescott (LGA 775) Tejas and Jayhawk Montecito Tulsa Smithfield, Paxville DP Cedar Mill Presler Shelton Dempsey Woodcrest

Core 2 Duo E4xxx. E6xxx, Dual-Core Xeon 30xx, Conroe Pentium Dual-Core E2xxx Dual-Core Xeon 70xx Paxville MP

Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Extreme QX6xxx, Quad-Core Kentsfield Xeon 32xx Quad-Core Xeon 53xx Xeon 7200 Xeon 7300 Clovertown Tigerton-DC Tigerton

80566 80567 80569 80570 80571 80573 80574 80576 80577 80578 80579 80580 80581 80582 80583 80584 80585 80586 80587 80588

Atom Z5xx Itanium 91xx Core 2 Quad Q9xxx, Core 2 Extreme QX9xxx, Xeon 33xx Core 2 Duo E8xxx, Xeon 31xx Core 2 Duo E7xxx, Pentium Dual-Core E5xxx, Pentium Dual-Core E2210 Xeon 5200 Core 2 Extreme QX9775, Xeon 5400 Core 2 Duo P7xxx, T8xxx, P8xxx, T9xxx, P9xxx, SL9xxx, SP9xxx, Core 2 Extreme X9xxx

Silverthorne Montvale Yorkfield Wolfdale Wolfdale-3M Wolfdale-DP Harpertown Penryn

Core 2 Duo P7xxx, P8xxx, SU9xxx, T6xxx, T8xxx Penryn-3M LE80578 EP80579 Core 2 Quad Q8xxx, Q9xxx, Xeon 33xx Core 2 Quad Q9xxx Xeon 74xx Xeon 74xx Xeon X33x3 LV Core 2 Solo SU3xxx, Celeron 7xx, 9xx Atom 2xx, N2xx Atom 3xx Xeon L3014, E3113 Vermilion Range Tolapai Yorkfield-6M Penryn-QC Dunnington Dunnington-QC Yorkfield CL Penryn-L Diamondville Diamondville DC Wolfdale-CL

Intel 806xx product codes

Product code 80601 Marketing name(s) Core i7, Xeon 35xx Bloomfield Codename(s)

80602 80603 80604 80605 80606 80607 80608 80609 80610 80611 80612 80613 80614 80615 80616 80617 80618 80620 80621 80623

Xeon 55xx Itanium 93xx Xeon 65xx, Xeon 75xx Core i5-7xx, Core i7-8xx, Xeon 34xx canceled

Gainestown Tukwila Beckton Lynnfield Havendale

Core i7-7xx QM, Core i7-8xx QM, Core Clarksfield i7-9xx XM canceled Atom Atom N400, D400, D500 canceled Xeon C35xx, Xeon C55xx Core i7-9xxX, Xeon 36xx Xeon 56xx Xeon E7-28xx, Xeon E7-48xx Pentium G6xxx, Core i3-5xx, Core i56xx Core i5-5xx, Core i7-6xxM/UM/LM Atom Xeon Xeon Xeon E3-xxxx, Core i3/i5/i7-2xxx, Pentium Gxxx Core i5/i7-2xxxM Atom Atom Auburndale Lincroft Pineview Larrabee Jasper Forest Gulftown Westmere-EP Westmere-EX Clarkdale Arrandale Tunnel Creek Sandy Bridge-EP-8 Sandy Bridge-EP-8 Sandy Bridge-HE-4, Sandry Bridge-M-2 Sandy Bridge-HE-4, Sandy Bridge-H-2, Sandy Bridge-M-2 Tunnel Creek Penwell

80627 80632 80640

80641

Atom

Cedar View

See Details on this address Www.Intelmicroprocessors.com

OR
Contact me for details knowing about all the microprocessors My contact no- 9646715904 or see on my website www.shatrudhankumar.ibibo.com or send me demand Shatrudhan53@gmail.com