Gio n Hnh hc 8

Tit 3: Hnh thang cn I. Mc tiu Qua bi ny hs cn: - Nm chc nh ngha, cc tnh cht v cc du hiu nhn bit hnh thang cn - Bit vn dng nh ngha, cc tnh cht ca hnh thang cn trong vic nhn dng v chng minh -c cc bi ton c lin qua n hnh thang cn. rn luyn k nng phn tch gi thit, kt lun ca mt nh l, k nng trnh by li gii bi ton. - Rn luyn thm thao tc phn tch qua vic phn on, chng minh - Rn luyn c tnh cn thn, chnh xc trong lp lun v chng minh hnh hc. II. Chun b: - Th-c chia khong, th-c o gc, compa. - Hnh v sn bi tp 9 SGK, chun b cho kim tra HS. Ni dung: Hot ng ca H/S HS: Mt hs lm bng, HS d-i lp theo di v lm thm cu 2 vo phi hc tp. HS: V hnh thang vo v hc v cc khi nim lin quan. Ghi bng B C

III.

Hot ng ca G/V Kim tra bi c: bi tp 9 SGK Thm: Cho thm 2 gc A B C v D C B bng nhau. So snh AC v BD? Nhn xt g v 2 gc B A D v C D A ? GV: Nhn xt bi lm ca hs GV: Gii thiu khi nim hnh thang cn. Hot ng 1: Cng c khi nim: Hnh 24 SGK s -c GV v sn trn 1 phim chun b tr-c. GV: Qua bi tp lm trong phn kim tra bi c, nhn xt g v 2 -ng cho ca hnh thang cn? Hot ng 2: Tm tnh cht 2 cnh bn ca hnh thang cn: Hy v mt hnh thang
GV: Phm Th Thanh H

A a) CM AD//BC b) Nu A B C D C B th BAD C D A v AC=BD

Hot ng 1: HS lm bi tp ming, hi theo t: - C s nhn bit hnh thang cn? tnh cc gc c trong hnh v. - Qua bi tp khi qut -c vn g v cc gc i ca hnh thang cn? - Xem hnh v tr li 3 cu hi c SGK HS: 2 -ng cho ca hnh thang cn bng

1) nh ngha: Hnh thang cn l hnh thang c 2 gc k 1 y bng nhau. ABCD l hnh thang cn (y AB, CD)
A B // C D A B hay C D

Gio n Hnh hc 8

cn, c nhn xt g v 2 cnh bn ca hnh thang cn? o c kim tra nhn xt ? Chng minh nhn xt ? (GV yu cu hs lm trn phiu hc tp hay trn phim trong) gv s chm 1 s bi. nhn xt kt qu. Yu cu hs rt ra kt lun qua kt qu tm -c. GV: 1 hnh thang c 2 cnh bn bng nhau c phi l 1 hnh thang cn khng? Hot ng 3: Tm kim du hiu nhn bit hnh thang cn. GV: Cho hs lm trn phiu hc tp do GV chun b tr-c: v cc im A, B thuc -ng thng m sao cho hnh thang ABCD c 2 -ng cho AC=BD. o hai gc A v B t rt ra kt lun g? (Nu iu kin cho php, c th son phn ny trn phn mm GSP: T v hnh n o gc A, B d on tnh cht ca hnh thang . Hot ng 4: GV: Khi no th mt t gic l 1 hnh thang cn? GV: Dng bng ph hay 1 slide trn powerpoint hy 1 phim trong, dng cho n chiu tng hp cc du hiu nhn bit hnh thang cn.

nhau: Hot ng 2: HS: o c so snh di 2 cnh bn ca hnh thang cn. HS: Hnh thang cn c 2 cnh bn bng nhau HS: Chng minh nhn xt trn HS: Hnh thang cn c 2 cnh bn bng nhau. HS: Cho 1 phn v d chng t lp lun ca mnh....

Bi tp ?2 (SGK) 2) Tnh cht: nh l 1: Trong hnh thang cn, 2 -ng cho bng nhau. Xt: * Nu hnh thang cn c 2 cnh song song: .... * nu hnh thang cn c 2 cnh bn khng song song th .... nh l 2: Trong hnh thang cn, hai cnh bn bng nhau. A E B

Hot ng 3: A B

nh l 3: Hnh thang c D C hai -ng cho bng nhau - V A, B (Bng l hnh thang cn. 3) Du hiu nhn bit hnh compa). thang cn: - AB//CD (bi cho) - , nhn thy gc A v gc B c cng s o Kt lun: Hnh thang c 2 -ng cho bng nhau th hnh thang cn. H-ng dn bi tp 18 SGK Hot ng 4: Tng hp cc du hiu nhn bit hnh thang cn HS nu vn , b xung cho nhau. Gv s nhn xt, kt lun. E F

G
H

GV: Phm Th Thanh H

Gio n Hnh hc 8

Hot ng 5: Hot ng 5: Bi tp HS lm trn phiu hc tp. cng c Cho hnh thang cn HS lm cc bi tp 11, ABCD (AB//CD) chng 12, 13, 15 nh Chng minh nh l 3 minh: SGK a) A C D B D C b) Cho 2 -ng cho ct nhau E, chng minh ED=EC H-ng dn bi tp nh: B11: Tnh di AD bng cch no? B12: cc tr-ng hp bng nhau ca tam gic vung. B13: Tnh cht 2 -ng cho hnh thang cn v ph-ng php chng minh tam gic cn. B15: cc ph-ng php chng minh 2 -ng thng song song. B18: v thm 1 cch hp l mt on thng bng 1 trong 2 -ng cho lm trung gian? Chng hn v qua F tia Fx//EG (Xem hnh v qua bng)

GV: Phm Th Thanh H