Equipment for Engineering Education

Experiment Instructions
CE 320 Liquid Mixing Unit

G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH

Fahrenberg 14 D-22885 Barsbttel Germany Phone: Fax: E-mail: Web: ++49 (40) 670854.0 ++49 (40) 670854.42 sales@gunt.de http://www.gunt.de

08/2004

CE 320

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

Experiment Instructions
Please read and follow the safety regulations before the first installation!

Publication-no.: 918.000 00 D 320 12 (A)

DTP_3

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Table of Contents
1 2
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.1 Equipment layout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.2 Starting up the "Liquid Mixing Unit" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.3 Heat exchanger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.4 Torque measurement with laboratory agitator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.5 Maintenance/Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1 Health hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.2 Hazards for Equipment and Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.1 Mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4.2 Agitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4.3 Agitation with rotating agitating organs and baffles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.4 Power requirement of agitator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5.1 Visualisation of flow patterns when mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 5.1.4 Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Experimental method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Further experiments:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

ii

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

5.2 Plotting of agitator power curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.2.4 Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Experimental method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Further experiments:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

5.3 Conclusions about quality and duration of mixing processes using example of a salt solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4

Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Experimental method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Further experiments:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.1 Working sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 6.2 Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 6.3 Symbols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 6.4 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 6.5 Items supplied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 6.6 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

iii

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
1

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Introduction The CE 320 Liquid Mix ing Unit ex per imen tal stand is an in dependent unit used to illustra te the mixing processes during agitation. Different expe ri ments re la ting to mi xing are per for med in a tank made of chemically resistant borosilicate glass with various agitators. The agitator is dri ven by a re gulated elec tric motor with ad justable speed. In the tank, a pipe coil can be fitted as a heat exchanger and optionally three or four baffles. The equipment can be used to perform the following investigations:

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

Visualisation of flow patterns when mixing Plot ting of char ac ter is tic power-speed curves for different agitators Production and observation of fixed and fluid dispersions Observation of characteristic mixing processes using non-mixable liquids Conclusions on quality and duration of mixing process Estimation of actual power requirement of mixers based on the model

1 Introduction

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
2 2.1

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Description Equipment layout The CE 320 Liquid Mixing Unit unit consists of a borosilicate glass tank with agitator. The agitator is positioned on a support above the tank. The equipment also includes a total of 9 different agitators, a conductivity indicator and the option of fitting both a pipe coil as a heat exchanger and so-called baffles inside the tank. A fine control shutoff valve is fitted at the inlet to the pipe coil for regulation. The baffles can be fitted in the tank in either a 3x120 or 4x90 arrangement. The electrical supply for the laboratory agitator comes from a switch box with master switch, on/off switch and EMERGENCY STOP switch. The entire setup is situated on a 40 cm high steel mobile laboratory table support frame. Axial agitators Propeller agitator head, 3 blades, agitator area 70 mm Propeller agitator head, 3 blades, agitator area 100 mm Propeller agitator head, 4 blades, agitator area 70 mm Turbine agitator D = 50 mm, shaft 8 x 350 mm Radial agitators Propeller agitator head, 2 blades, agitator area 70 mm, 90 offset Propeller agitator head, 2 blades, agitator area 100 mm, 90 offset Tangential agitators Planar agitator head 70x70 mm with 3 holes Planar agitator head 70x70 mm with 6 holes Planar agitator head 70x100 mm with 10 holes Turbine agitator D = 50 mm, shaft 8 x 350 mm

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

2 Description

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
19 18 17

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

16 15 14 1 2 3 4 5 7

13
2000

12 11 10 9 8

max.

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

I 0
E

N C

G
R

Y
S

T O P

20

21

22

23 13 Laboratory agitator LCD display 14 Support bar 15 Laboratory clamp 16 EMERGENCY STOP switch 17 Connection for laboratory agitator 18 On / Off switch 19 Master switch 20 Eight different agitator heads 21 Conductivity indicator with probe 22 Turbine agitator 23 Threaded shaft for the eight agitator heads

1 Laboratory agitator 2 Clamping chuck 3 Fine control shutoff valve 4 Warm/cold water supply 5 Pipe coil 6 Drainage ball valve 7 Baffle 8 Knurled screws 9 Warm/cold water drain 10 Laboratory agitator on / off switch 11 Speed adjusting knob 12 Optical sensor Fig. 2.1 CE 320 experimental stand

2 Description

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
2.2

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Starting up the "Liquid Mixing Unit"

Connect experimental stand to power supply. Connect laboratory agitator to power pack using connector. Prepare the tank

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

Loosen knurled screws on tank Optionally fit or remove the heat exchanger pipe coil Optionally fit or remove baffles

Fill the tank Install agitator head with threaded rod Secure complete agitator with laboratory agitator clamping chuck Align laboratory agitator above tank Switch on agitator

To measure the conductivity, hold the probe through the separate hole in the cover of the tank by hand. 2.3 Heat exchanger The heat exchanger consists of a pipe coil with a concealed pipe length of 11.7 m. The heat exchanger can be lifted out of the tank by loosening the two knurled screws. There are two 13 mm sockets on the protruding ends of the pipe coil to connect the heat exchanger to a cold or warm water supply. To regulate the flow, there is a fine control shutoff valve after each socket. Caution! Temperatures above 70C can destroy the baffles.

2 Description

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
2.4

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Torque measurement with laboratory agitator Absolute torque measurement is not possible using this unit. The laboratory agitator only indicates the absolute torque (in Ncm) after the optical button is pressed. The display only appears very briefly. The torque difference at the time of pressing the button is then indicated. Torque measurement:
10

13 12
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

2000

11
0 max.

Switch on laboratory agitator Set the speed Press button (optical button) below the Mode sign (for approx. 1s) The current torque display appears briefly, and is then taken as the reference zero point. From this time onwards, the relative change in torque from the time of pressing the button is displayed.

Fig. 2.2

Laboratory agitator

2.5

Maintenance/Care Each time the unit is operated, the tank should be cleaned and any residue and deposits removed. When operating the agitator, ensure that the op er at ing point of the speed is not in the range at which significant vibrations occur. The conductivity probe should be rinsed with clean water after use.

2 Description

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
3 3.1

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Safety Health hazards DANGER! Caution when opening switch housing, and when making changes to all other electrical circuits. There is a risk of electric shock. It is therefore imperative to unplug the unit from the mains first. Work should only be car ried out by specialist personnel. DANGER!Risk of injury from rotating parts. Loose items of clothing, straps, chains or hair can become wrapped around the agitator or the shaft. Danger! This equipment is not explosion proof. Do not use any explosive substances.

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

3.2

Hazards for Equipment and Function Caution! The tank should be cleaned immediately after use. Otherwise, operation can result in destruction of the unit (prepared chalk, corrosive substances). Caution! Temperatures above 70(C can destroy the baffles. Without baffles, temperatures of up to 100(C are permissible. Caution! When operating the agitator, ensure that the operating point of the speed is not in the range at which significant vibrations occur.

3 Safety

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
4 4.1

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Theory Mixing Mixing is a fundamental operation in process technology - the reverse of the separating procedure. The star t i n g m a t e rials to be mixed, merged, admixed, blended or homogenised are separate, often in different physical conditions and with different compo si tions. They can con sist of one or more con stit u ents and have dif fer ent phys i cal prop er ties. The ob jec tive of mix ing is to cre ate a mix ture in which the start ing ma te ri als are evenly dis trib uted, such that in a sam ple the ra tio of the con stit u ents to one an other cor re sponds ex actly or with a spec i fied de gree of ac cu racy to the orig i nal mix ing ra tio. For mix ing, the start ing ma te ri als are fed into the mix ing cham ber of a mixer. Mix ers are di vided into dis con tin u ous and con tin u ous mix ers de pend ing on their mode of op er a tion. The im por tant tech ni cal pa ram e ters of the mix ing pro cess are the mix ing time and the en ergy or power re quire ment, with the aim nor mally be ing to re duce them. Static mixers have no moving parts. Static mixers have the materials to be mixed passed through them and remove energy from the medium.

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

Fig. 4.1

Vertical flow in mixer with radial agitator and baffles

Fig. 4.2

Vertical flow in mixer with axial agitator and baffles

4.2

Agitation When ag i tat ing non-vis cous New to nian or non-New to nian liq uids, the con stit u ent that determines the physical condition of the resulting mixture is the liquid constituent. The other constituent to be mixed can be a liquid (homogenisation or

4 Theory

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

emulsification), a grainy material (suspension) or a gaseous substance (aeration of liquids). Agitation is normally carried out using rotating, sometimes os cil lat ing ag i ta tion tools or so-called static agitators. Agitation can perform the following tasks: Homogenisation: Mixing and blending of liquids that are soluble in one another, concentration and temperature compensation. Suspension: Even dis tri bu ti on or so lu ti on and suspension of grainy materials. Emulsification: Dispersion of one liquid in another, i.e. division and fine distribution of droplets of one liquid in a second liquid in which it is only weakly soluble. Aeration: Dispersion of a gas in a liquid, i.e. di vi si on of the gas into small par ti cles or blowing and subsequent feeding into the liquid or suspension/even distribution. Ac cel er a tion of heat ex change between the liquid or suspension and the heat transfer surface.

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

4 Theory

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
4.3

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Agitation with rotating agitating organs and baffles With a centrically installed agitating shaft and high Reynolds numbers (high speed, large agitator di am e ter, low or av er age vis cos ity), the entire liquid rotates in the same way as a solid, whereby a funnel-shaped indentation (water spout) forms on the sur face. The mixing ef fect de clines and air intake and foaming occur at the funnel. For suspensions, this results in separation in the centrifugal field. These disadvantages can be avoided through the use of baffles or by non-centrically inclined installation of the agitator. Agitator Agitators are divided into three groups:

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

Fig. 4.3

Axial agitator (A) Offset blade agitator, (B) Propeller agitator, (C) Typhoon agitator, (D) Helical ribbon agitator

Axial stimulating agitators Radial stimulating agitators Tangential stimulating agitators

Fig. 4.4

Radial agitators (A) Disk agitator, (B) Radial paddle agitator, (C) Impeller agitator

The designations of these groups are derived from the flow field generated in the immediate vicinity of the agitating organ, i.e. the principal direction of the liquid flow leaving the agitating organ.

Fig. 4.5

Tangential agitators (A) Anchor agitator, (B) Blade agitator, (C) Grid agitator

4 Theory

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
4.4

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Power requirement of agitator The power requirement P is calculated using model experiments performed in the laboratory and is specified based on similitude theory (taking into account the criteria of geometric and physical similitude). There are three independent similitude criteria:

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

Ne =

P r n 3 d 5 n d 2 n

Re =

Fr =

n 2 d (For symbols, see appendix) g

The Froude num ber can be ig nored in most cases. It represents the ratio of the vis inertiae to the grav i ta tional force and is a measure of the for ma tion of a wa ter spout in the ag i ta tion ves sel. The power num ber Ne de pends ex clusively on the Reynolds number and can only be determined experimentally. (see Fig. 4.6)

transition range

turbulent range

with baffles laminar range without baffles

Fig. 4.6 4 Theory

Power curve for agitator type with and without baffles 10

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Laminar range As shown in Fig. 4.6, with Re num bers in the range < 10-60, the agi ta ti on ef fect is mi ni mal. For laminar agitation and a given agitator type, the power requirement for a specified speed n and diameter d is a linear function of the viscosity m and does not depend on the density.

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

Transition range In the transition range, for a given agitator type, the power is influenced by the viscosity and the density. Turbulent range In the turbulent range, i.e. in the Newton range of the agitator, the power number is constant. In the turbulent range, at constant n and d the influence of changes in viscosity on the power requirement can be ignored. The in flu ence of the den sity is linear.

4 Theory

11

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
5 5.1 5.1.1

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Experiments Visualisation of flow patterns when mixing Preparation

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

Make electrical connections Remove pipe coil (5) Remove baffle (7) Fill tank with water Add approx. 15 PA spheres (Ballotinis) with d = 10 mm and a specific weight of 1.13 kg/ltr. Clamp pro pel ler ag i ta tor (ax ial) with threaded rod in the laboratory agitator Align and secure laboratory agitator

5.1.2 Experimental method

5.1.3 Evaluation

Switch on master switch (19). Switch on laboratory agitator power supply (18) Switch on laboratory agitator (10) Set speed (11) Observe movement of spheres Switch off laboratory agitator (10) Switch off laboratory agitator power supply (18) Fit baffles (7) Switch on laboratory agitator power supply (18) Switch on laboratory agitator (10) Set speed (11)

Describe and compare observations

5 Experiments

12

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
5.1.4

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Further experiments: a) With baffles fitted b) With radial agitator c) With tangential agitator d) With inclined laboratory agitator

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

5 Experiments

13

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
5.2

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Plotting of agitator power curve In this laboratory experiment, the power consumption of a disk agitator with 6 holes in centric arrangement in the tank is to be investigated without baffles. The findings are to be plotted as a Newton number Ne against the Reynolds number Re, the so-called power curve.

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

5.2.1

Preparation

5.2.2 Experimental method

Make electrical connections Remove pipe coil (5) Remove baffle (7) Clamp planar agitator with threaded rod in the laboratory agitator Centrically align laboratory agitator and fix to end of support bar Fill tank with water to just below the agitator Switch on master switch (19) Switch on laboratory agitator power supply (18)

Switch on laboratory agitator (10) Zero idling torque

Set the speed (11) Press optical button (12) for approx. 1s, idling torque is zeroed

Measure load torque

5 Experiments

Lower laboratory agitator on support until the agitator head is covered with water. Mark position Wait until stationary condition is reached Read and record load torque

14

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Zero new idling torque

Fix laboratory agitator at top position on support, such that the agitator head rotates in the air Set and record new speed Press optical button (12) for approx. 1s, new idling torque is zeroed

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

Measure new load torque

Lower laboratory agitator on support as far as the marking, such that the agitator head is in the water. Wait until stationary condition is reached Read and record load torque

This measuring process (zeroing idling torque and measurement of load torque) is to be repeated for each subsequent speed. The experimental stand should then be switched off.

5.2.3 Evaluation

Switch off laboratory agitator (10) Switch off laboratory agitator power supply (18) Switch off the master switch (19)

To de ter mi ne Ne and Re, the power is calculated using the following formula: P = 2 p n M where P in W, n in s-1and M in Nm

Plot the recorded data in the diagram, with the Reynolds number Re on the x axis and the Newton number Ne on the y axis
15

5 Experiments

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
5.2.4

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Further experiments: As well as an RS-232 interface, the laboratory agitator can also output two analogue signals (torque, speed), which allows the parameters to be logged using a plotter.

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

5 Experiments

16

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
5.3

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Conclusions about quality and duration of mixing processes using example of a salt solution This experiment is intended to produce a conclusion about the quality of agitation depending on the speed of an agitator and the duration of agitation. The quality is assessed using a conductivity measuring system.

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

5.3.1

Preparation

5.3.2 Experimental method

Make electrical connections Remove pipe coil (5) Remove baffle (7) Clamp propeller agitator (D=70, 3 blades) with threaded rod in the laboratory agitator Align laboratory agitator (1) centrically and fix to support bar Fill tank with water (20 litres) Switch on master switch (19) Switch on laboratory agitator power supply (18) Switch on laboratory agitator (10) Set speed 200 rpm Switch off laboratory agitator (10)

Measure and record conductivity and temperature using conductivity indicator Pour 70g salt (NaCl) into water Switch on laboratory agitator (10) Measure conductivity at one minute intervals and record values Repeat measurements with new water and a different speed

5 Experiments

17

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Conductivity measurement with propeller agitator D=70, 3 blades, 20 litres water with 70 g salt (NaCl) n = 200 rpm t in min 0 0 with salt 1
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

n = 300 rpm t in min 0 0 with salt 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 k in mS/cm 0.371 0.38 0.412 2.43 3.77 4.32 4.92 5.11 5.43 5.89 6.02 6.19 6.2 6.21 6.23 6.24 6.23 6.21

n = 400 rpm t in min 0 0 with salt 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 k in mS/cm 0.37 0.39 2.28 2.6 4.07 4.65 5.14 5.39 5.56 5.7 5.8 6.12 6.18 6.2 6.2 6.21

n = 500 rpm t in min 0 0 with salt 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 k in mS/cm 0.37 0.45 2.64 3.69 4.82 5.34 5.65 5.96 6.12 6.15 6.17 6.17 6.19 6.19 6.2 6.21 -

k in mS/cm 0.371 0.4 0.385 0.38 0.38 0.60 0.99 1.66 4.12 4.53 4.87 5.18 5.5 5.76 6.03 6.25 6.3 6.35 6.45 6.42 6.42 6.39 6.38 6.38 6.35

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

5 Experiments

18

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

5.3.3

Evaluation

propeller agitator head D=70, 3 blades

7
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

Propeller D=70, 3 Flgel

coLeitwertitG iin mS/ cm nductiv y n mS/cm

5 4 3 2 1 0 0 5 10 15 t in min 20 25

n=200 n=300 n=400 n=500

30

Fig. 5.1

Conductivity measurement with 20 litres water with 70 g NaCl at a temperature of 15C

The higher the speed, the faster a good mixing state is reached.

5.3.4

Further experiments: a) b) Influence of baffles on mixing process In flu ence of tem per a ture on mix ing pro cess

5 Experiments

19

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
6 6.1

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Appendix Working sheets
Data for agitator power curve Name: Agitator: Density: Date: Medium: Viscosity: Load torque dM (Ncm) Newton number Ne Reynolds number Re

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

Speed n [rpm]

6 Appendix

20

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
6.2

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Technical data Dimensions (LxWxH): Weight: Power supply: Power consumption: 850x600x900 mm approx. 100 kg 230 V/ 50 Hz 130 W

Optional alternatives, see rating plate

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

Tank Tank capacity: Tank material: Agitator Speed range: Power consumption: Power output: Max. power output on shaft: Max. torque on agitator shaft: 50...2000 RPM 130 W 110 W 105 W 60 Ncm 20 litres Borosilicate glass

Max. torque on agitator shaft at 100 rpm: 60 Ncm Clamping chuck - min. clamping range: 0.5 mm - Max. clamping range: 10 mm Conductivity measuring system Temperature Measuring range: Conductivity Measuring range: 0,0 mS/cm...200 mS/cm 0.0...200.0 mS/cm 0,0...+85 C

6 Appendix

21

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
6.3

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Symbols P n d M r n m g Ne Re Fr k Rating Agitator speed Agitator area diameter Laboratory agitator torque Density of agitation medium Kinematic viscosity of agitation medium Dynamic viscosity Acceleration due to gravity Newton number Reynolds number Froude number Conductivity

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

6.4

References Wrmebertagung (Heat Trans fer), Wal ter Wagner, Vogel-Fachbuch Kamprath-Reihe Taschenbuch der Verfahrenstechnik (Process Technology Handbook), Prof. Dr. Karl Schwister u.a., Fachbuchverlag Leipzig Chemietechnik 6. Auflage (Chemical Engineering 6th edition), Dr.Ing.Eckhard Ignatowitz, Verlag Europa Lehrmittel

6 Appendix

22

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
6.5

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Items supplied 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x CE 320 - Liquid Mixing Unit Qcond 2200" digital conductivity measuring system with probe threaded rod with M5 for agitator propeller agitator head, 3 blades, 70 mm propeller agitator head, 3 blades, 100 mm propeller agitator head, 4 blades, 70 mm propeller agitator head, 2 blades, 70 mm 90 offset propeller agitator head, 2 blades, 100 mm 90 offset planar agitator head 70x70 mm with 3 holes planar agitator head 70x70 mm with 6 holes planar agitator head 70x100 mm with 10 holes turbine agitator D=50, shaft 8x350 hexagon socket screw key, size 5 (M6) CE 320 experimental instructions

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

1x 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x

6 Appendix

23

DTP_3 08/2004

CE 320
6.6

LIQUID MIXING UNIT

Index A Aeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Agitating organs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Agitation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Axial agitators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 B Baffle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 3

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gertebau GmbH, Barsbttel, Germany 08/2004

C Clamping chuck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 D Drainage ball valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 E EMERGENCY STOP switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Emulsification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 F Fine control shutoff valve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 H Heat exchanger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Homogenisation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 L Laboratory agitator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 M Master switch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 O Optical sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 P Power requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 R Radial agitators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 S Suspension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 T Tangential agitators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Torque measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

6 Appendix

24