ZTE End To End Design For Australia NBN 06nov09

End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network
ZTE Corporation was established in 1985. Fuelled by intense innovation and focus on customer service, ZTE has experienced tremendous growth over the last 20 years. Today, ZTE is a leading international telecommunications equipment manufacturer and network solutions provider. It is one of the few organizations that can offer complete and comprehensive end to end solutions for the Telco provider. The company is engaged in the design, development, and installation of a broad range of advanced telecommunication technologies, including broadband Access, Optical Transmission, Next Generation Networks (NGN), Wireless Communication Systems, OSS/BSS, CPE handsets and Datacom Routers, Ethernet Switches and BRAS platforms. In China, ZTE has achieved the position of market leader. Key customers in China include China Telecom, China Mobile, China Netcom, China Unicom and China Railcom, as well as Chinese Government and Enterprises. Internationally ZTE now has over 500 Telco carrier customers in more than 130 countries including Australia, France, Germany, USA, Greece, Canada, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Russia, Egypt, Brazil, Spain and Norway. Key international customers include BT, BSNL, Etisalat, France Telecom, Hutchison, Telefonica, Telenor, Telstra, Telecom Malaysia, Singtel, Indosat, Reliance, SkyLink and Vodafone. ZTE remains committed to investing in intellectual capital. Over 23000 people reside in 16 R&D global centres, and another 27000 people of the ZTE family reside in offices and facilities located in over 130 countries. People are the cornerstone of ZTEs success with a corporate wide 70% of employees being Bachelor Degree or above qualified. In 1997, ZTE listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. In 2004, ZTE listed on the main board of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. ZTE is the largest listed telecommunications equipment manufacturing company in China in terms of market capitalisation, revenue from principal operations and net profits. Sales revenue in 2008 was approximately $US10Billion, and the success of ZTE was reflected widely in the media with Technology Business Research Inc of Hampton, N.H, USA stating ZTE is the fastest growing mainstream Telco equipment provider in the world with 50% annual revenue growth and Ovum-RHK also recognising ZTE global market share for DWDM platforms is ranked No. 2 in the word, and is ranked No.1 for the rate of growth in the last three years. Overall, ZTE growth has been rapid in all product segments and by 2007 had deployed more than 100 million handsets, 100 million DSL subscriber lines, 2 million Ethernet and Routers, and 300,000 optical transmission products.
2009 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. ZTE CONFIDENTIAL: This document contains proprietary information of ZTE and is not to be disclosed or used without the prior written permission of ZTE. Due to update and improvement of ZTE products and technologies, information in this document is subjected to change without notice.
ZTE Confidential Proprietary 2009 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. I
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 2 3 3.1 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.1.4 3.2 3.3 3.4 4 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.3 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.4 6 6.1 6.2 7 8 ZTE Understanding of NBN Project.......................................................................... 4 End User Domain ....................................................................................................... 7 Access Domain........................................................................................................... 9 GPON Solution .......................................................................................................... 10 GPON Design Principles ........................................................................................... 10 Proposed Application Scenarios................................................................................ 12 ODN Design............................................................................................................... 14 ZTE GPON Solution Advantages .............................................................................. 17 Active Ethernet Solution ............................................................................................ 17 Wireless Solution ....................................................................................................... 19 Satellite Solution ........................................................................................................ 22 Aggregation and Backhaul Domain ....................................................................... 24 Network Design Principles......................................................................................... 24 Aggregation & Backhaul solution............................................................................... 26 ZTEs suggested Architecture for NBN backhaul ...................................................... 26 Service definition and delivery ................................................................................... 27 QOS solution for NBN backhaul ................................................................................ 32 Security solution for NBN backhaul ........................................................................... 32 Aggregation & Backhaul Solution Advantage............................................................ 33 DWDM Solution ........................................................................................................ 34 Overview .................................................................................................................... 34 DWDM Solution for NBN ........................................................................................... 34 Network Detailed Design for NBN ............................................................................. 35 Access Layer ............................................................................................................. 35 Aggregation & Backhaul Layer .................................................................................. 37 Backbone Layer ......................................................................................................... 37 ZTE DWDM Solution Advantage ............................................................................... 38 BSS/OSS Solution .................................................................................................... 40 BSS/OSS Solution for NBN ....................................................................................... 40 ZSmart BSS/OSS Solution Advantages .................................................................... 45 Solution Summary.................................................................................................... 48 Acronyms.................................................................................................................. 49
ZTE Confidential Proprietary
2009 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.
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FIGURES
Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Figure 19 Figure 20 Figure 21 Figure 22 Figure 23 Figure 24 Figure 25 Figure 26 Figure 27 Figure 28 Figure 29 Figure 30 Figure 31 Figure 32 Figure 33 Figure 34 NBN Overall Network Architecture ................................................................................ 4 Cash Flow in the NBN Industry Chain ........................................................................... 5 NBN Service Architecture .............................................................................................. 6 CPE Intelligent Maintenance Solution ........................................................................... 8 Bandwidth demand for various applications and technology trend ............................... 9 xPON evolution & migration paths............................................................................... 10 unified xPON access platform ..................................................................................... 11 GPON QOS features ................................................................................................... 12 Proposed GPON system application scenarios........................................................... 13 Various PON coexist.................................................................................................... 14 WDM PON Evolution ................................................................................................... 14 ODN architecture ......................................................................................................... 15 ODN subsystems ......................................................................................................... 16 Active Ethernet Access Network Architecture ............................................................. 18 WiMAX Network Diagram ............................................................................................ 19 VSAT Solution Overview.............................................................................................. 22 Architecture of NBN aggregation/backhaul network.................................................... 26 NBN wholesale service to wholesale NSP .................................................................. 29 NBN wholesale service to wholesale NSP .................................................................. 29 NBN wholesale service to retail NSP........................................................................... 29 NBN wholesale service to ASP/CSP ........................................................................... 29 Wholesale service implementation .............................................................................. 30 NBN service forwarding model .................................................................................... 30 Residential service deployment ................................................................................... 31 Business service deployment ...................................................................................... 32 IxWDM - Next Generation Transmission Platform....................................................... 34 Layer solution of Optical Network ................................................................................ 35 Data Services Convergence ........................................................................................ 36 Multi-layer Service Grooming Hierarchy ...................................................................... 36 Optical Path Layer 1+1 Protection(Ring Networking) .................................................. 37 Backbone application scenario .................................................................................... 38 BSS/OSS Solution of NBN Project .............................................................................. 41 Operation Abilities of ZSmart BSS/OSS System ......................................................... 44 ZSmart BSS/OSS Solution Highlight ........................................................................... 46
TABLES
Table 1 Table 2 Wavelength scope for various GPON.......................................................................... 13 Comparison between VLAN technology and MPLS technology ................................. 31
III
ZTE Understanding of NBN Project

In order to improve the penetration of broadband service, and to narrow the Digital Divide between metropolitan and rural areas, the Australian government will invest up to $43 billion over an 8 year timeframe to build a National Broadband Network (NBN). Such a historical investment will also help Australia to create more job opportunities and enhance the national economy. Earlier, the Australian government established a new company- NBN Co, which will be responsible for network construction & operation and will only offer wholesale services. From an architectural view, the NBN can be divided into 5 domains - End User Domain, Access Domain, Aggregation & Backhaul Domain, Service Edge & Core Domain, and the Application & Content Domain. The overall solution diagram is shown below in Figure 1. ZTE understands the scope of NBN Cos network to only include the first three mentioned domains. In the End User domain, RG and ONT or an integrated HG with different interfaces will help to implement an intelligent home network and cater for the requirement of the service delivery. In the Access domain, GPON (P2MP) and Active Ethernet (P2P) will be applied to the different FTTP application scenarios. Wireless and satellite connections will be used as an alternative to cover those remote areas where it is hard to deploy fibre. Considering that the rural customers are mostly residential and business users, WiMAX 16d technology is recommended. In the aggregation & backhaul domain, a MPLS over Ethernet network is suggested which can provide Leased Line, L2 point-to-point VPN, L2 multipoint-to-multipoint VPN tunnel to SP. Figure 1 shows the NBN network overview:
Figure 1
NBN Overall Network Architecture
The NBN industry chain involves several different roles with clear responsibilities, including Passive Fibre Infrastructure Provider, Broadband Access Provider, Aggregation Backhaul Provider, Retail NSP, Wholesale NSP, ASP/CSP and End User. It is understood NBN Co will provide the first three roles and infuse innovation and vigour into the telecommunications sector. The distribution among these industry players can be seen in Figure 2:
Figure 2
Cash Flow in the NBN Industry Chain
NBN network services can be categorised into 5 types, from the dark fibre leasing to transmission resources leasing; from Ethernet interface leasing to a variety of VAS delivery. In both case their suppliers and targets are different. The service architecture of NBN network is illustrated in Figure 3.
Figure 3
NBN Service Architecture
Among all the services listed, NBN Co could provide Layer 1, Layer 1.5, Layer 2 and Layer 3 services. But in order to make the network easier to deploy and manage, (besides Layer 1 and Layer 1.5 services) Layer 2 services are suggested accordingly. ZTE understands that the primary features and concerns of the network are: Open access Ultra-high bandwidth Ubiquitous Connectivity (FTTP for home and enterprise, Satellite and wireless for remote areas) A MPLS network served outside major centres and outside inter-capital backhaul Wholesale services meaning no right to offer services to customers and businesses E2E QoS (multiple-service simultaneously delivery with guaranteed QoE) Manageable (BSS/OSS) Innovative Business Model Low TCO
End User Domain

In the end user domain, the RSP will place different RG to deliver services according to the customers requirement. Since NBN Co will deploy fibre to the premises for most of the homes and businesses, a series of Ethernet WAN RG's are needed to connect with the ONT providing at least 100M downstream and 50M upstream bandwidth. For the UNI interface, Fast Ethernet, WiFi, ATA, GE, and Bluetooth can be used to meet a variety of end user requirements. Thus, the end user domain should be well designed according to the requirements. For security, the network should support multi-tier firewall, port forwarding, port trigger, service control; DMZ, bridge/IP/URL filter, L2TP/PPTP/IPSec VPN and some other secure mechanisms to protect end users from virus and attack. For QoS, it should adopt DiffServ model which includes multi-tier priority queue, cache management, SP/DWRR queue scheduling algorithm, RED congestion avoidance, priority marking, traffic shaping and policy management. It is understood that on site work of end user equipment should be limited as much as possible. The cost of maintenance and location of end user equipment should be well considered. Through ZTE experiences with CPE applications in the end user domain we propose the important principle: end user domain with intelligent deployment and intelligent maintenance. Intelligent deployment: It is unfeasible to require each end user to be an expert of CPE configuration so there should be automated facilities for CPE configuration to install and activate the required services. Thus the Terminal Installation Software is an important component of the CPE. A zero touch installation is visualised where the customer can install the terminal themselves. In this way, the RSP will not be required to send an engineer to the customers premises meaning a substantial cost saving on customer connection. For network operation, services provision of the CPE should also be automatic being controlled by the network provider.
Intelligent maintenance:
According to the statistics, 60%-70% of problems are caused in the premises network. So CPE maintenance and remote monitoring is important to lower on-site costs. The CPE should have automatic diagnostic, fault reporting and recovery functions. ZTE suggests that it will be necessary for the NBN network to have a unified CPE maintenance system. All the CPE, including ONU, RG and STB should support TR069 that can be managed by the Automatic Configuration System (ACS) irrespective of CPE vendor. The CPE should be compatible with other multi-vendors ACS. The ACS should be able to control multi-vendors CPE, and the ACS includes the following functions as a minimum: Integration of CPE diagnostic functions and connection with NMS.
It can implement remote software updating of CPE and other remote management functions. It has an expert knowledge system for various fault finding solutions Fault codes can be applied between operator and customer. CPE facilities can generate the fault code. Customer services statistics are provided for operation, marketing and monitoring purposes.
Figure 4
CPE Intelligent Maintenance Solution
ZTE has participated in extensive TR069 Interoperability tests. Test results indicate that ZTE CPE can interoperate with all ACS manufactured by other vendors.
Access Domain
Within the Access domain, a flexible and simple access network is essential for NBN. The access network must have full service access ability. Current and future service requirement together with technology trends should be considered when designing the access network.
Figure 5
Bandwidth demand for various applications and technology trend
According to Figure 5, more and more new applications demand very high bandwidth of up to 100Mbps. To assure the high quality of the end-user experience, the access network must deliver superfast broadband (providing customers with downstream speed of 100 Mbps and upstream speed of 50 Mbps, while being expected to reach 1 Gbps and beyond in the coming years). Secondly, technology trends show FTTH can provide high bandwidth of up to 1Gbps. P2MP (PON) and P2P (Active Ethernet) technologies based on fibre connection are suitable for the access network. PON technology, with its high bandwidth access ability, long distance coverage, easy maintenance and clear evolution roadmap, are favoured and selected by many operators when constructing national broadband networks. Active Ethernet, which is also an important fibre-based access mode is frequently used when constructing FTTB network to cover sparse population areas. The fibre based access network will cover 90% of the population (metropolitan, major capital and large regional cities). For the remaining 10% population (remote outback areas) laying fibres is not economical and wireless (WiMAX 16d) and satellite connections are suggested. GPON, Active Ethernet, wireless and satellite will be described in other sections.
3.1
3.1.1
GPON Solution
GPON Design Principles
For xPON technology, the evolution & migration path is show in Figure 6.
Figure 6
xPON evolution & migration paths
Based on the requirements analysis and also considering technology trends, ZTE proposes the Access domain should be a unified xPON access platform with high density capability, powerful QOS mechanism and compatibility for current and future services. Unified xPON access platform
According to the Government announcement, NBN Co will build a new network to deliver superfast broadband network to Australian homes and workplaces over 8 years. Its very important for the NBN to provide future-proofed technology for decades to come. PON technology has been in evolution and long term migration path as shown in Figure 6. If NBN Co chooses a unified PON platform for various PON (EPON, GPON, 10G EPON, NG PON, LR PON and WDM PON), the platform will protect long term investment. The proposed unified xPON access platform is shown in Figure 7.
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Figure 7
unified xPON access platform
High Port Density
The NBN network will provide connection for major regional centres and rural towns across Australia. In these areas, most people live in standalone suburban houses within a 50km radius of the CBD. Thus, it is expected that there will be some OLTs deployed in each area from where the PON connects to all households and workplaces. The higher the port density, the fewer OLTs and the less CAPEX and OPEX cost. Service Compatibility
The proposed network will support many retailers, wholesales and other various services. Except for the popular services of triple play on IP, the Access domain must support both existing services and future services. Retailers may need some TDM services (E1 relay, CATV, ISDN, NCS VOIP) and some operators may need backhaul services. Also in the future more and more interactive services and emerging services should be fully considered. The service compatibility and service providing capability will directly affect network users such as retailers, wholesalers and subscribers. Powerful QoS Mechanism
Since the NBN network will carry multiple services simultaneously, each service should be differentiated and allocated with a corresponding priority label. When congestion happens, QoS and different policies will guarantee the most important services. For real time applications, there are many service flows with different QoS labels which are generated from both the RSP network and the end user network. This occurs on entry into NBN network and includes a MPLS label, L2 QoS label with 802.1p value and even some un-tag flows. Therefore, all the service flows should be categorised based on the QoS planning model, and mapped into different VLAN with the corresponding CoS value. Based on the CoS value, the service flows will be mapped into different queues in which different policies will be implemented.
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The QoS mechanism should be fulfilled with the interaction between OLT and ONU. Figure 8 suggests the QoS features needed.
Figure 8
GPON QOS features
3.1.2
Proposed Application Scenarios

With its partners NBN Co will provide new communication experiences to end users and not only for easy access to the Internet, but also voice and video services. Based on our understanding of the requirements, ZTE proposes a system which provides FTTP in three scenarios: - For residential scenario, triple play services (voice, data and video, especially traditional CATV) must be provided. In order to bear CATV RF video, WDM equipment before the splitter is needed. To meet the customers bandwidth requirement (downstream 100 Mbps and upstream 50 Mbps), we suggest a splitter ratio 1:24. - For non-residential (business) scenario, more bandwidth is required so a splitter with 1:16 ratio is more suitable. - For non-premises scenario with public access applications such as video monitoring at homes, hotels, heavy traffic points and public places, etc. Wireless base station can also be transported by the PON system. All of the proposed systems provide perfect multicast and dynamic bandwidth allocation ability, supporting multi-play services access with high bandwidth, including VoIP, HSIA, IPTV, HDTV, SDTV, VPN, CATV and TDM leased line services. This meets the access layer needs for emerging high bandwidth services in both broadcast and interactive mode, while on the other hand, it also provides high QOS and security guarantee.
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Figure 9
Proposed GPON system application scenarios
As a unified platform for GPON, EPON, P2P, 10G EPON and NGA PON, the ZTE ZXA10 C300 meets all the requirements of large capacity, long distance coverage and big CO, The platform also migrates to 10GE PON and NGA PON, and can support different ONTs in different scenarios and deployments. The wavelength of the system supports downstream 1490nm and upstream 1310nm. For video CATV, the wavelength is 1550 nm. It is a future-proof unified PON platform that has the following features: GPON, LR-GPON and NG GPON Coexist
The proposed platform is a unified platform for various GPON access such as GPON, NG PON, and LR-PON. Various GPON can coexist in this platform.
Table 1
Wavelength scope for various GPON
Item GPON LR-GPON NG PON
Upstream wavelength 1300~1320nm 1300~1320nm 1260~1280nm
Downstream wavelength 1480~1500nm 1480~1500nm 1574~1580nm
LR-GPON (Long reach GPON) uses the same wavelength as GPON. To deploy LRGPON, An RE (Reach Extender) before the splitter is needed. NG PON uses a different wavelength and can also coexist with GPON. Figure 10 shows how the PONs coexist.
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Figure 10 Various PON coexist
Smooth Evolution to WDM PON
ZTE will provide WDM PON cards based on the ZXA10 C300 platform. As a unified platform for various PON technologies, the advanced design can provide up to 160Gbps per slot giving a very high density realisation. The WDM PON will coexist with other PON technologies in this platform.
Figure 11 WDM PON Evolution
3.1.3
ODN Design
ODN generally costs about 30%~70% of the total expense in a PON network deployment. ODN is the most complicated and difficult part in network design and deployment.
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With good design the ODN cost will be lowered and the quality of the ODN will be guaranteed for a long time. In China and Japan, there are already are 30-40 million lines of xPON for commercial applications. ZTE can bring this experience to NBN Co through consultation of the ODN plan. For the ODN constructed by NBN Co, the following factors need to be considered: Cost-effective Based on multi-play service High reliability An optical cable access network usually consists of OLT on the central office side, and a ONT on the user side. In different application scenarios, the location of these devices are different. For example, the locations of passive splitters and ONT are related to fibre resources and their distribution and application modes. Figure 12 shows typical architecture of ODN in FTTP application mode.
Figure 12 ODN architecture
There are 5 parts of an ODN network. In each part, there is a complete system which needs to be planned and applied. ZTE offer much global experience in this type of work.
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Figure 13 ODN subsystems
Before ODN planning, some important factors should be considered: Location of OLT, ONT and Splitter Outdoor/Indoor optical cables selection Feeder, Distribution Fibre and User Access Fibre Selection Splitter Selection Optical Cable Connectors Selection Optical Cable Line Facilities Selection
All these points should be fully decided according to the application environments. ZTE has much experience in this area.
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3.1.4
ZTE GPON Solution Advantages

The GPON and ODN design and solution should have the following advantages: Full service access and flexible service control provide higher end-users with quality of experience Abundant service support capability for VoIP, HSI, IPTV, VPN, CATV, mobile backhaul, and E-learning, E-health, E-commerce, etc. Diverse interfaces: besides P2MP, P2P and TDM interfaces that can also be provided for business and residential applications. Service Assurance: Comprehensive QoS and DBA mechanisms meet the demands of different services and traffic to provide better use experience. Security assurance: Support AES, ONT authentication, user ID identification, port isolation, addresses binding, packet filtering, broadcast packet limitation, support anti IP-spoofing and anti DOS-attacking.
Future-proof platform supporting IPv6 provide smooth network evolution Unified platform for GPON, EPON, P2P and ready for next generation 10G EPON, 10G-PON, LR-PON and WDM-PON. Both OLT and ONU will fully comply with IPv6.
Advanced design provides lower TCO High port Density to meet requirements of Big CO and higher site saving Powerful Easyservice Provides a Zero-touch installation and provisioning for End-users. Easyservice will help NBN Co by reducing OpEx through enabling fault diagnosis and resolution, this reducing engineering resource required to provide on-site maintenance and the number of customer service calls and complaint related to faults. Green Product assures an environmentally conscious solution. The platform adopts green materials to meet the latest requirements of worldwide legislation. Both static and dynamic power modes are supported. Lead-free and non harmful components are used through environmentally friendly material selection, sensitive R&D and low transportation requirements. About 40%~50% power consumption and 30%~ 40% energy reductions can be achieved.
3.2
Active Ethernet Solution

For Active Ethernet access mode, due to its long distance transmission ability, flexible and adjustable bandwidth, high port density, is applicable to the following scenarios: Broadband access in the sparsely populated areas. Long distance between CO and end users.
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Fibre reservation is not required since there is no plan for new build construction. The end user demands a fixed bandwidth instead of sharing bandwidth among multiple subscribers. Each end user is provided with a dedicated pipe with bidirectional bandwidth. Existing business customers who use Ethernet CPE already. Business customers with many braches or departments needs to rent private line for high bandwidth. Business customers that have strong IP features requirement. WiMAX and other wireless network backhaul due to carrier Ethernet equipment that have multi-service bearer capability and high reliability. IEEE1588V2 and Sync Ethernet clock synchronization protocol are supported.
Figure 14 shows the Active Ethernets architecture in the access network.
Figure 14 Active Ethernet Access Network Architecture
There are two options for the architecture of Active Ethernet based access networks, one is star topology and the other is ring topology. As compared with the star topology, using a ring topology can save fibre consumption from the access node to the aggregation node. The distance between access and aggregation can also be greater. More importantly, a ring topology can provide link protection. The shortfall of a ring topology is that the ring link has a bandwidth bottleneck. However, since the carrier Ethernet access layer devices can only provide n10GE uplink, there is rarely a bandwidth bottleneck. Additionally, in the scenarios of wireless broadband, the ring topology is reliable to provide a stable backhaul for the wireless base station. For these reasons we recommend a ring topology to construct the Active Ethernet access network. Link bandwidth can select n GE or 10GE based on actual demand. Active
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Ethernet rings may run on EAPS (ITU-T G.8062) to provide 50ms recovery from fault conditions. The network service can be deployed on Active Ethernet according to TR-101, and QoS policy. Security policy can be deployed to improve service quality and IEEE1588V2/ Sync E which can be deployed to provide clock synchronization for wireless networks.
3.3
Wireless Solution
As an additional coverage of the network, the wireless system occupies only 10% of the network requirements, but network quality and TCO needs to be considered together with the whole system. WiMAX technology, along with a mature industry chain and clear evolution roadmap, has been widely chosen by operators when constructing broadband networks. In the NBN network, ZTE proposes to use a WiMAX solution to deliver the broadband services to customers in remote areas. The WiMAX solution is a point-to-multipoint Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) system that is capable of delivering broadband for schools, hospitals, and government offices. The system delivers broadband data and voice for: Residential users Mobile users Small Office Home Office (SOHO) Small to Medium Enterprise (SME) Large Enterprise
The application scenario is described in Figure 15.
Figure 15 WiMAX Network Diagram
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Based on the requirement of NBN, ZTE proposes to build upon an open network philosophy for NBN to serve multiple retail service providers, not only in horizontal mass market of enterprises and consumers but also vertical markets in transport, public safety and other industries. The following services are needed especially for remote areas: Internet wireless broadband access service Voice services Video on Demand
ZTE, as one of the worlds leading Tier 1 WiMAX system providers and closely cooperates with carriers, chip providers, and service providers to build and enhance the industry chain. ZTE WiMAX has been successfully deployed in 33 countries, serving for over 48 operators. The WiMAX solution offered by ZTE has the following advantages: Offers a complete range of WiMAX products in the industry to provide end-to-end solutions
ZTE provides a full range of self-developed WiMAX products covering ASN (outdoor macro BS, indoor/outdoor Pico BS, home BS, and AGW), CSN (AAA, HA, and IMS), service products (MBS Server, LBS Server, etc), terminal (Modem, USB Card, PCMCIA Card, handheld singlemode/multimode terminal, monitoring device, CPE, etc). The ZTE WiMAX solution covers 2.3G, 2.5G and 3.5G frequency bands. Additionally, ZTE has abundant types of WiMAX terminal which could meet the different requirement of customers like NBN Co. Future-oriented All-IP networking Solution
Since IP is the direction of network evolution, ZTE recommends an all-IP network solution for this project which will save the CAPEX when the migration is needed. ZTE is a pioneer in network ALL-IP evolution. ZTEs ASN and CSN are based on IP which is the trend of networking development across the world. Abundant Services Differentiate in NBN
To be successful in todays wireless market, operators need to create an abundant and attractive service to differentiate their market presence, reduce churn, and grow revenues. Being dedicated for research on new technologies and services, ZTE provides customised solutions, personalised and differentiated services, and thus sharpens the operators competition edge helping them reap more revenues. The following services are provided in this type of project: Clear and high-quality voice service High-data rate services, which supports usage scenarios consisting mainly of video conferencing, gaming, and stored media streaming. (the advantages of WiMAX technology)
Providing diversified product solutions at low TCO
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ZTE WiMAX is committed to providing customised solutions, maximizing customer value, and adapting to different market requirements. ZTE helps the carriers to reduce the TCO in terms of product design, system networking and network evolution. ZTE also helps the carriers to build green networks by reducing power consumption in many aspects. Delicate Compact Macro outdoor solution The smallest compact base station (19L) in the industry, light weight (15 kg), low power consumption and a small footprint as well as easy installation,. This facilitates installation in various scenarios, and reduces the network construction cost. The R6 interface supports star or daisy-chain networks, reducing the requirement for the number of switch ports. The compact Base Station can share the existing power supply and transmission, thus enabling rapid network deployment and reducing network Total cost of Ownership (TCO). Advanced technology, through compact Base Station supports multiple carriers (2C1S) and multiple antennas (2x2 MIMO). It uses a number of advanced technologies such as high-efficiency Digital Pre-distortion Amplifier (DPA), helping the operators to build the leading high-efficiency radio network.
Fast Deployment
Integrated macro BS solution and flexible indoor Pico solution enable transportation and installation work become much easier and less infrastructure requirements speed up the site deployment. Smooth Evolution and Flexible Expansion
ZTE WiMAX system can be smoothly upgraded without disruption. To support NBNs fast development, ZTE proposes industrys leading WiMAX system with high capacity and flexible expansion. High Stability and Reliability
A good quality network will allow NBN take initiative in the market competition and effectively cut down the operational cost. ZTE is well proven with more than 46 WiMAX deployed globally. Specifically, there are lots of mechanisms for system stability and reliability. All important boards 1+1/N+1 active/standby 1+1 backup for public resource boards and core protocol processing boards, N+M backup for interface boards and user-plane processing boards Hot-swap function for all boards. Excellent architecture ensures high reliability and performance for the system. ZXMBW AGW uses the separation of data plane and control plane and distributed processing design. All protocol processing boards run
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independently, therefore when one processing board fails, the other processing boards will keep working.
ZTE growth path and leading industry position: ZTE joined WiMAX Forum in 2004 and became a board member of WiMAX Forum. ZTE was the first to put forward the concept of the operable WiMAX commercial network, which significantly extends the application range of WiMAX. ZTE, is an important member of China Communications Standards Association (CCSA), actively promotes the standardization of WiMAX in China.
3.4
Satellite Solutions
An IP-based satellite solution presents itself as the complementary access network for remote rural areas. Figure 16 shows the satellite access network.
Figure 16 VSAT Solution Overview
The ZTE VSAT solution combines years of research and development of D-TDMA, satellite communications and software algorithm technology. The pursuit of this vision has resulted in the delivery of a unique combination of flexibility, reliability and costeffectiveness in response to the challenges faced by traditional satellite or terrestrial infrastructure providers. Remarkable Performance
Highest TCP/IP throughputs in the industry (18 Mbps downstream 4.2 Mbps upstream)
The software/hardware system boasts 99.999 reliability. NBN Co can select single-plane networking, dual-plane networking, backup of key hardware, and disaster tolerance according to their investment demands.
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Fast Frequency Hopping (MF-TDMA) combined with Rapid Bandwidth Allocation Good Quality of Service (QoS)
Application QoS based on multiple parameters (Source/Destination IP Address/Subnet, Source/Destination Port/Range, 802.1q VLAN ID, IP DiffServ & TOS Bits, Protocol Type) System QoS - Rate Limiting or only allocate bandwidth that is needed Built-in jitter handling for real-time traffic such as Voice and Video. Best Hub Technology
Scale as the architecture grows Fully Redundant Support for Multiple Outroutes or Real Private Networks within the same hub Support for Multi-Inroute Network Architectures Highest Bandwidth Efficiency
50% more IP throughput than most competitive solutions MF-TDMA (Fast) combined with D-TDMA ensures the most efficient use of satellite capacity Automatic Uplink Power, Frequency and Timing Control ensure very efficient TDMA Structure Turbo Product Codes, on both down and upstream, supporting bandwidth limited carriers Size carriers in 1 bps granularity
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4
4.1
Aggregation and Backhaul Domain

Network Design Principles
With increasing demand for new internet and video applications from end users, service providers are facing increasing challenges brought by service convergence and strong market competition. To maintain growth and profitability, service providers need to: Accommodate surging demand for broadband services Maintain competitive residential and business service offerings Avoid service commoditisation by offering new and premium services Strengthen profitability by increasing revenue while reducing total cost of ownership Protect and grow business services in parallel with consumer services
The next-generation broadband network will enable a wide range of network services and application/content services to be delivered to end users via FTTP, Wireless and Satellite access. A main object for NBN will be to provide a wholesale service that will enable competition and innovation by the service providers and deliver an appropriate network reliability, resilience and security level. The backhaul network is a necessary and very important part of the NBN. In order to satisfy the requirements mentioned above, the backhaul should provide integrated links between service and applicationlayer components to create a converged, open access, good quality of experience, intelligent, reliable, and scalable network. The backhaul network should: Offer consistent and highly reliable transport of "any-play" services as part of an end-to-end network. Deliver any type of service to anywhere and any device.
The following is suggested as an outline for the network build principles : Practicability and Profitability A key requirement in constructing the NBN network is the ability to generate financial return, so the service bearing capability of the network is very important. The network should be capable of handling lots of different services and the administration and operation platform required to do so needs to be considered seriously and carefully constructed. TCO is a key element of the network and includes both CAPEX and OPEX. Low TCO is undoubtedly essential to any nationwide network such as NBN. CAPEX is reflected in the cost of network construction, and for such a large scale network like
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NBN, cost-effective devices must be first choice. OPEX is mainly reflected through the cost of network management and maintenance. It includes: Scalability and Expandability Firstly, the network construction should be based on stages and areas. In particular, the construction of NBN may be divided into several stages. Therefore, the future potential impact caused by network expansion should be fully considered when designing the network architecture, implementing service deployment mode and selecting devices. The design of the network must ensure the network can be expanded with flexibly according to the actual demands. Secondly, the scale of the services carried is the primary factor which will determine the size of the network. NBN is a brand-new network and the development of service is a long-term process, so the scale of the network is also a continuous evolutionary process. Therefore, the network should be able to scale to meet the requirement of different service development stages. Finally, the development of technology is an ongoing process and the aggregation network should be capable of evolving towards the latest technology. Flexibility The NBN should provide different service interfaces and service delivery options for different service provider flexibly. Consequently the NBN aggregation network needs to have capacity of a flexible service delivery to meet the requirements for different scenarios. Reliability The reliability of the network includes the reliability of the devices, network architecture and reliability of service. To keep the network stable and reliable, a strong network architecture is required which allows fast recovery when any fault occurs on a node or link. The service should be able to recover from certain faults quickly to avoid affecting of the QoE. Manageability The growing complexity of networks and equipment, the expanding scale of the networks and multi-fold increase in the number of users have set forth higher and higher requirements for network management. Equipment configuration, service planning and management have made all network equipment conform to international standards and to be interoperable with other vendors. Unified network management is also preferred to cover every part of the equipment and services management. The remote management and maintenance functions are especially important in such a diverse and far reaching network.
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4.2
4.2.1
Aggregation & Backhaul solution

ZTEs suggested Architecture for NBN backhaul
To design the aggregation network, the type of technology and devices used to construct the network should be determined first. The NBN aggregation network requires scalability, flexibility, reliability and low TCO. Carrier Ethernet inherits the economics of Ethernet, and Carrier Ethernet has been an ongoing standardization. MEF9&MEF14 define the features of multi-service, the latest standard MEF22&MEF23 defines the backhaul scenario and inter-carrier application, Carrier Ethernet has been proven to be suitable for multi-service delivery and Carrier Ethernet can be upgraded to 40GE/100GE to meet the demand for network expansion. Therefore, Carrier Ethernet is undoubtedly the best choice for the aggregation network. Working with service providers worldwide, ZTE has formulated a service-driven approach to building a metro networks that meet customers present and future service requirements. Typical architecture for the aggregation network is shown in Figure 17.
Figure 17 Architecture of aggregation/backhaul network
As shown above, the aggregation network uses a ring topology. The ring is constructed by n10GE Ethernet links and the links can be expanded to 40GE/100GE. The node of the aggregation network collects the access network in each area, such as PON, Active Ethernet and the wireless broadband network. There are two PE-AGG nodes at each aggregation network. One PE-AGG is the master node, the other is the backup node. Each of the PE-AGG nodes are connected to the edge node of the network. When the uplink of the master is down or the master node is down, the backup PE-AGG can switch to be the master PE-AGG without interrupting the network service.
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A ring topology ensures reliability of the aggregation network recovering in less than 50ms from fault of link or node, which provides a good basis for the stability of the service. The backhaul design enables service providers network to meet the specific demands of each service, with consistent reliability and availability. This network design provides the foundation for end-to-end service transport from the access layer to the service core layer, and constructs a converged and intelligent network that scales to meet future requirements easily. The ZTE Backhaul Network Design supports these business goals with five essential attributes: convergence, resilience, intelligence, scalability, and manageability.
4.2.2
Service definition and delivery

The Backhaul Network Design facilitates a converged network infrastructure which delivers new and future services cost-effectively. A service provider's agility and flexibility in service delivery is critical to its long-term success. Most of the service providers demand the flexibility to offer residential, business, mobile, and wholesale services. This section gives an overview of current service requirements and provides a roadmap to the future. Residential Services A popular strategy to maximise service revenues and minimise subscriber turnover is to offer a complete set of bundled triple-play services to residential subscribers that include: Voice High-speed Internet Broadcast TV and Video On Demand (VoD)
Large traffic growth is expected to result from a steady increase in demand for VoD and high-definition (HD) content delivered over both IPTV multicast and VoD unicast connections. To support this ongoing trend, the Ethernet design effectively scales video transport from 100Mbps to 10Gbps at line rate, evolving to 100Gbps and beyond and also greatly increasing the total number of supported multicast groups and broadcast TV channels. Business Services Business subscribers are an important segment of service providers customer base. The main business services that must be provided by the network today are: MPLS VPN Carrier Ethernet connectivity Managed services
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Carrier Ethernet connectivity services have been defined by the Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) to include E-Line, E-LAN, and E-Tree service types, which are defined as follows: E-Line is based on a point-to-point Ethernet Virtual Connection. Two E-Line services are defined: Ethernet Private Line (EPL): A very simple and basic point-to-point service characterised by low frame delay, frame delay variation, and frame loss ratio. No service multiplexing is allowed, and other than committed information rate (CIR) no class of service (CoS) (Bandwidth Profiling) is allowed. Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL): A point-to-point service wherein service multiplexing (more than one Ethernet Virtual Connection) is allowed. The individual Ethernet Virtual Circuits can be defined with a rich set of Bandwidth Profiles and Layer 2 Control Protocol Processing methods as defined by the Metro Ethernet Forum.
E-LAN is based on a multipoint-to-multipoint Ethernet Virtual Connection. Service multiplexing (more than one Ethernet Virtual Circuit at the same UNI) is permitted, as is the rich set of performance assurances defined by the MEF such as CIR with an associated Committed Burst Size (CBS) and Excess Information Rate (EIR). E-Tree is a point-to-multipoint ELAN service in which the spoke "leaves" can communicate with the hub or "root" location but not with each other. Typical application for E-Tree is in franchise operations.
Wholesale Services Wholesale service providers offer both residential and business wholesale services to other retail service providers. Retail service providers typically require interconnectivity to their subscribers through a tunnel or VPN. A wholesale service provider network might provide DSL or Fibre access for a retail service provider's Internet customers. The wholesale service providers network supports wholesale transport services using either MPLS tunnels or Layer 2 VPNs. It supports consistent service delivery using Ethernet, IP/MPLS, and VPN technologies to provide the necessary levels of security and QoS. In effect the retail service providers do not own any network transport equipment or facilities and they look to wholesale service provider network for these capabilities. The end customer relationship with the retail service provider and the service transport is provided by wholesale service provider network. The wholesale network provider can provide different services including physical interface, dark fibre, L2 P2P and L2 MP2MP etc. to its customers. The main customers of NBN is the wholesale and the retail NSP with their own networks. Sometimes the CSP or ASP can get service from NBN network directly. The following figures show the service models that NBN can provide.
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Figure 18 NBN wholesale service to wholesale NSP
Figure 19 NBN wholesale service to wholesale NSP
Figure 20 NBN wholesale service to retail NSP
Figure 21 NBN wholesale service to ASP/CSP
According to the service models above, the following figure shows how NBN can do it.
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Figure 22 Wholesale service implementation
One EVC (Ethernet Virtual Circuit) can bear the same services or different services and can also guarantee the QoS for each service. One physical port in NBN backhaul network can build several EVCs. Both the physical interface and EVC can be provided to the SP. Figure 22 shows the wholesale service forwarding model of NBN.
Figure 23
NBN service forwarding model
At present, due to multiple network access methods and equipment performance differences in large distribution of networks, usually VLAN mode is chosen to carry the services in an access network. Different services are carried by different VLANs. The main requirement of the bearer service in the aggregation network is to provide end-toend tunnels for different kinds of services. Now VLAN technology (Selective QinQ) and MPLS technology (VPLS / VPWS) are the two main methods for the bearer service. The following table shows the comparison between these two technologies.
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Table 2
Comparison between VLAN technology and MPLS technology VLAN 4096 VLAN-ID limited, poor flexibility service area restricted no protection at the service level, service convergence depends on network convergence MPLS No VLAN ID limitation. Scalable, flexible service bearer method, facilitate cross-area service implementation MPLS-TE FRR /VPN FRR provide 50ms-level service convergence
Feature
Scalability
Reliability
Stronger maintainability, network Difficult maintenance for layer2 management system provides endMaintainability network, network management can to-end path establishment and not provide path-level maintenance maintenance Lower demand for device, lower Capex MPLS required for device, higher Capex
TCO
From the comparison above, VLAN bearer mode is suitable for the small scale aggregation network where limited types of services required. MPLS bearer mode is applicable for large scale aggregation networks which deliver multiple kinds of services. The majority of mainstream carrier-class Ethernet devices can support MPLS features. For aggregation network, NBN can choose carrier-class Ethernet equipment with MPLS features and adopt appropriate method to deploy service based on actual scene. Figure 24 shows the service deployment for residential users and business users.
Figure 24 Residential service deployment
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Figure 25 Business service deployment
As shown in Figure 25, VLAN technology in the access network can simplify the deployment of an end-user service and improve the access network services standardisation to ease service promotion. The MPLS-based aggregation network can improve network scalability, operational flexibility, operational reliability, and assist ease service deployment and management. ZTEs carrier-class Ethernet products provide all MEF9/MEF14 features and have fully MPLS functions which meet the VLAN technology and MPLS technology bearing requirements.
4.2.3
QOS solution for NBN backhaul

One method to implement QoS is to assign resources to every data flow in accordance with requirements of each service class. This method adopts resource reservation to assign bandwidth, which is not suitable for best-effort applications. Because of the limitation of bandwidth resource, the concept of priority is introduced so that the data stream transmission in best-effort mode can be supported after resource reservation. QoS has two basic types: Based on resource reservation: According to QoS requirements of a certain service, assign the network resource and establish the resource management strategy. Integrated Services (IntServ) that is proposed by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is based on this strategy with Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) being its core. Based on priority: at the network boundary nodes, classify, shape and mark the service flow. The core node assigns resources based on the resource management strategy and gives priority to services requiring higher QoS. Differentiated Services (DiffServ) that is proposed by IETF is based on this strategy.
4.2.4
Security solution for NBN backhaul

NBN Network faces the threat of all kinds of network security risks coming from the Internet, including network equipment invasion, DOS attack, routing spoofing, damage of
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QoS and attacks against network management and control protocols activated by network systems. The main objective of the NBN Network Security Plan is to guarantee the availability and information security of the NBN Network. Since network security is a total solution, the network security solution should be referred to by all relevant parties: physical, network, system, application and management. Weaknesses in any part would increase the risk of the network security. Network Equipment Security Enhancement. Password security management. Service management. Interactive access control. Defence against DOS Attack. Network Operation Supporting System Security.
4.3
Aggregation & Backhaul Solution Advantage

Enables a portfolio of profitable, differentiated services Combines the benefits of optical, Ethernet, and IP technologies Provides proven carrier-class Ethernet products and solutions Effectively integrates services for new and existing revenue streams Multi-service Bearing Network Integration High Availability Reducing TCO
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5
5.1
DWDM Solution
Overview
Having progressed from P to P to OTN, WDM is gradually evolving to a new IxWDM age. The intelligent WDM technologies and products with multi-granule dispatching functions are the new choice following the service and network development trend. With the latest technology and the next generation IxWDM solution, ZTE will provide a high level, and more cost-effective transmission solution for the NBN network.
5.2
DWDM Solution for NBN

ZTE proposes a transmission solution for NBN with the concept of IxWDM. The IP trend from telecom services and the ongoing IP network evolution are posing gigantic challenges to transport networks. FMC convergence and cluster router deployment require multi-service unified carriage, higher bandwidth, and adaptability to mesh topology. Following the technology evolution process of WDM technology from a point-to-point WDM to OTN, mainstream operators at home and abroad have more and higher requirements, including IP-oriented, intelligent, green and eco-friendly features. IxWDM, which integrates OTN, control plane, photonic layer -level cross connection and L2 switching technologies has emerged as the development trend of the next generation optical networks.
Figure 26 IxWDM - Next Generation Transmission Platform
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Layers design for transmission include the access, aggregation, and backhaul. They all contain IP-based, flexibility and reliability ideas. Today we are no longer in the era of traditional TDM services. With the trend of IP expanding and also in order to satisfy the requirements such as 100Mbps per subscriber, ZTE suggests the DWDM solutions will be extensively used in the bearer network.
Figure 27 Layer solution of Optical Network
The access layer will provide the multi-service access and aggregation. Based on the service bandwidth requirement, the access layer should be a multi-10G ring. The aggregation layer plays an important role in the bearer network by providing the convergence of all access networks. The backhaul layer is also very important as it carries all services from access and aggregation layers. For each layer it is important to pay attention to the large capacity, smooth upgrading, and high reliability.
5.3
5.3.1
Network Detailed Design for NBN

Access Layer
The DWDM ring for OLTs connects with EASs at the Access Segment. It implements the aggregation of a large number of 10GE circuits from OLTs into a fibre ring for connection with EASs. The 10G DWDM ring in the access layer provides the aggregation of large number of 10GE from OLTs. But besides that, the NBN needs a bearer network which supports wholesale services. ZTEs NBN bearer network solution will be a unified bearer platform for all services in NBN network.
35
With the latest technology of IxWDM solution, ZTE can support multi-service access, especially IP services. IxWDM is a multi-service unified transport platform with a wide variety of IP-based interfaces for data equipment like switch, router and BRAS. This enables simultaneous access of TDM services and SAN storage services;
Figure 28 Data Services Convergence
The IxWDM solution has a flexible traffic grooming architecture that integrates dynamic electric grooming (ODUk switching), supporting ODU0/1/2 switching granularity, and embedded L2 switch processing capability which supports multiple GE/10GE to be converged into 10GE.
Figure 29 Multi-layer Service Grooming Hierarchy
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With L0/1/2 traffic grooming solution and L2 switching capability, it would help build a resilient, intelligent and low-cost metro network.
5.3.2
Aggregation & Backhaul Layer

Most of the network applications bandwidth requirements are far less than the bandwidth offered by a full wavelength in WDM networks. Hence, traffic grooming is needed to make efficient use of the available resources. It is noticeable that NBN project aims to cover a majority of Australia over a huge area. Thus, traffic streams from different sources (but mostly of the same session and terminating at the same destination) can be aggregated using arbitrary, but application dependent aggregation ratios. ZTE provides optimal as well as heuristic solutions to the NBN. Aggregation of large numbers of 40GE circuits from EASs at Access Segments into a fibre ring for connection with EASs at Aggregation Segments is required with 100GE realised in two years. In the mean time, ZTE proposes additional technologies adopted in DWDM network to improve the flexibility and reliability of aggregation DWDM network. ROADM, which supports dynamic wavelengths and add/drop through remote control by NMS would make the implementation of many wavelengths easier to manage. ROADM solutions offered by ZTE are based on the WB (wavelength blocker), PLC (Planar Lightwavelength Circuit) and WSS (Wavelength Selective Switch) technology, which can support 2~9 directions ROADM solution. Additional protection will bring higher availability to the aggregation network. On the ring 1+1 path protection can protect both route and the equipment. The ring networking is shown in the following diagram.
C Protection path B D
Work path
Figure 30 Optical Path Layer 1+1 Protection(Ring Networking)
5.3.3
Backbone Layer
The backbone network is the highest level of the transmission network, and is designed to aggregate a large number of 10/40GE circuits from EASs at aggregation segments and to provide ultra long haul transmission. For the NBN backbone transmission network design, ZTE will suggest the industryleading IP over OTN architecture (innovative 3G, NGN, Video etc.) which is similar as the solution for the aggregation level, but the difference is transmission capacity (several Ts), transmission distance (over 3000km) and service granularity (10/40GE circuits is popular today and 100GE circuits in two years).
37
IP over OTN architecture suggested by ZTE covers future-oriented backbone application described in the next figure. Key points include: Innovative 3G, NGN, Video services need high bandwidth (e.g. 80*40G); 1 Dynamic switch functionalities based on big granularity services (e.g. GE/10GE) realise wavelength resource optimisation; ULH transmission solution without repeaters reduces the CAPEX of network; 40G/100G per channel DWDM solution is coming to improve bandwidth efficiency.
2 3
Figure 31 Backbone application scenario
5.4
ZTE DWDM Solution Advantage

The DWDM solution explained in Figure 31 correlates to the ixWDM concept produced by ZTE. The core concepts of IxWDM are: IP-based, intelligent, and highly integrated (which consist of WSON, PXC, L2 switching and OTN technologies). It features intelligent control plane, large-capacity photonic and electronic layer service scheduling, perfect and reliable carrier-class protection. The highlights of the proposed DWDM solution: IP -based:
38
IP-based interfaces for data equipment like switches, routers and BRAS, enable simultaneous access of TDM services and SAN storage services. Three-dimensional and three-layered service grooming:
Three service scheduling modes in a single platform: ROADM photonic layer scheduling, OTN electrical layer cross connection and L2 switching; diversified provisioning granularities such as ODUk, GE, 2.5G, 10GE are available; it adapts to more application scenarios and more network layers. Carrier-class reliable protection
ZTEs has a proven track record in engineering and technical strengths in the field of optical network protection, fibre-level, -level, sub--level and L2 protection ULH Transmission Capability Saving REG, Saving cost per bit
By deploying advanced technologies such as AFEC, ERZ (for 10G)/RZ DQPSK (for 40G) transponders, high efficiency optical amplifier, Raman amplifier etc., the ULH transmission distance achievement is over 5000km (10G level) or 2000km (40G level). Environmentally conscious supply chain and manufacture
Green materials, component sourcing, lead-free manufacture, green packaging and transportation are in full compliance with all environmental standards.
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6
6.1
BSS/OSS Solution
BSS/OSS Solution for NBN
The NBN should work smoothly under a powerful BSS/OSS. The inventory management and provisioning are the main functional requirement in the network, while fibre recourse management is critical for the optical network. ZTE suggests an integrated Next Generation National Broadband OSS/BSS for the network which is an integral and strategic part of the whole solution. The solution is designed to be applicable to a variety of services and infrastructure. It is ideally suited to serve in a wholesale role to provide operation environment supporting NSP/CSP and to provide broadband-based services like IPTV, VOIP, HSI etc The solution provides full lifecycle operation support. ZTE provide tools which allow higher growth rates of broadband subscribers, while increasing efficiency and productivity. ZTE believe the proposed ZSmart BSS/OSS solution can help achieve the following objectives: Managed network: ZTE BSS/OSS solution provides complete service provisioning, all-specialties inventory management, unified fault management, and unified performance management for the whole network. Using these powerful tools provided ZSmart solution to provide a reliable Network Operation Centre and Service Operation Centre Unified Portal: The ZTE solution provides a unified partner portal for NSP/CSP, the proposed portal can manage all the interaction between the network and NSP/CSP such as service ordering, service complaints, billing systems etc. Centralised Product Catalogue: Centralised product catalogue will help NSP/CSP to provide simpler maintenance, spares and ordering systems, and also can ensure that ZTE BSS and ZTE OSS have a unified product view. Unified Customer Information Management: The unified customer management stores all subscriber information in which the system can easily identify the access user data. This will help serve NSP/CSP better and also generate wholesale billing. Powerful Marketing Tools: ZTE BSS solution also includes a marketing tools to help promote the service and network coverage to NSP/CSP more efficiently
40
The proposed solution architecture is illustrated in Figure 32:
Figure 32 BSS/OSS Solution of NBN Project
The scope of solution products includes: ZTE BSS: Partner Portal for unified entry for CSP/NSP to manage their service CRM PRM Product for unified product view Wholesale Billing
Fulfilment:
41
Order Management Inventory Management Workforce Management for automation of task assignment for field engineering Provisioning Management for automation of service action
Assurance Service Quality Management for measuring customer quality of experience Service Problem for Incident Management, Problem Management, Change Management and other ITIL processes Unified Fault Management for correlation and fault root cause analysis Performance
B2B Interface Gateway B2B interface for the touch point by NSP/CSP BSS/OSS with NBN Co BSS/OSS
Test Environment IOT Test Environment
infrastructure Oracle ESB Web Service Manager Oracle B2B Integration Oracle JDeveloper Oracle Application Server Super Map 5.0 ZTE Business Process Management ZTE Unified Interface Platform
ZTE will take undertake the analysis, design, build, integration and deployment of the BOSS solution. As part of the Analysis/Planning and Deployment of the proposed solution the following lie within the scope: Program Management Business Analysis & Requirements Capture
42
Functional Specification Design End-to-End IT Solution Architecture and Design Installation of the Software Application Build (Development and Unit Testing) Integration Test System Test Support for User Acceptance Test Deployment Training End User Training Operations & Administration Training Advanced Training CSP/ASP awareness program
Furthermore, ZSmart solution has an outstanding ability in the all-lifecycle operation. Based on ITIL, eTOM & ZTE procedural best practices, utilising industry leading OSS/NMS Partner platforms, ZTE BSS/OSS solution can contribute to all-lifecycle operation abilities of the network. Detailed capabilities are addressed as below:
43
Figure 33 Operation Abilities of ZSmart BSS/OSS System
Dynamic Inventory ZTE propose a dynamic inventory to enable a real-time network inventory view, supported by ZTE inventory discovery features. Furthermore ZTE inventory is able to manage service resources such as CPE stock, SVLAN, and CVLAN. It is also able to build device models and configure allocation polices by which the inventory systems can implement resource allocation automation.
Product Centre The centralised product catalogue will help NSP/CSP to order NBN Co product better and also can ensure that ZTE BSS and ZTE OSS have a unified product view.
Network Centre ZTE solution provides integrated fault monitoring and performance monitoring tools which ensures the network management always has a real time status view of the network.
Service Operation Centre ZTE solution provides end-to-end service monitoring across the access, aggregation and core. Retail NSP can deploy their own service or service is used to provide service to end users directly.
Service Delivery Automation
44
The ZTE solution uses a unified and flexible business process platform to implement service delivery automation. Based on this open infrastructure, the proposed Order Management can easily talk with multiple Retail NSPs Order Management platforms. This allows end-to-end service delivery automation across retail NSPs, NBN Co, and other service providers. The solution empowers NBN to delivery services aligned with predefined SLAs and to easily deploy new service to Retail NSPs, decreasing time-to-marker of new service.
Closed-loop Trouble Ticketing ZTE solution proposes a closed-loop trouble ticketing system. The trouble ticket can interact with Retail NSPs system to accept Service Complaints, capture trouble from portal, and accept network/service from integrated fault management, etc. Based on the unified ZTE Business Process Platform, the solution manages the end-to-end trouble shooting process during the trouble handling procedure.
Graphical Display Resources can be displayed in graphical (GIS and Topology) and text form, such as: Network Topo, Rack Front View, Shelf Front View, Optical Cable Diagram, and service topology. Maintenance to resources on the graphical interface is supported; directly displaying the physical equipments and the logical relations.
Wholesale Billing ZTE Solution has dedicated features for wholesale business models to realise flexible wholesale business rules. With the help of a powerful rating engine all the service attributes and customer attributes can contribute into the billing platform and a flexible wholesale tariff can be efficiently supported
6.2
ZSmart BSS/OSS Solution Advantages

ZSmart OSS/BSS suite is an integral and comprehensive solution providing all of the standard functionality referring to the best-practice of industry which is summarised by the following:
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Figure 34 ZSmart BSS/OSS Solution Highlight
Flexible Product, Price plan configuration & Management: ZTE provides multi-level catalogue structure to manage products and tariffs. It supports flexible and complex bundles to address different operators' marketing strategy. Product refers to the object that can be purchased or rented by subscribers. It can be a physical facility such as a telephone, one port for bandwidth or the bandwidth using specific technology such as VPN with the specific SLA parameters. ZTE's product catalogue and lifecycle management can gain control over timeto-market, including a clear vision into the progress of new products introduction, and synchronization with campaign launches. It helps reduce the time to market when launching a new product/service. A GUI based tool is also provided to make the process easier.
Openness ZTE OSS/BSS are designed regarding to NGOSS, and the related standards such as eTOM, SID, TAM, and TAN are the initial input for ZSmart Products. ZTE Business Support System Solution provides high integration features. ZTE BSS can support all the external system such as banks, printing centre, Call Centre, NSP, etc. ZTE BSS also provides integration features to OSS functionalities ZTE solution provides a set of APIs to enable NBN Co to have a B2B interface with Multiple NSPs .By which NBN Co could implement a process automation including NSP Service Deployment Automation, NSP Ordering Automation,
46
Service assurance Automation, Settlement e-conciliation, etc as an active party with NSPs ZTE Unified interface Platform is used to be the application component of B2B interface gateway which will ensure the integrity of B2B transaction with NSPs ZTE proposed infrastructure is able to provide integration abilities for SSO service to ensure the validity of transaction with external systems A dedicated BPM platform is embedded for business process management by which the complicated business rules could be fully controlled during the product lifecycle. ZTE proposes a test environment to enable full-set IOT with NSPs by which its easy and safe to develop new NSPs without impact on the running service for other NSPs
Rapid Customization
ZTE can provide the expertise help and backup support for BSS/OSS from China R&D centre with more 1,700 engineers ZTE BSS/OSS has applications in 40+ countries over 70+ different operators. ZTE Provide local service and quick response In terms of marketing strategies, there will be a lot of BSS/OSS customization. ZTE can provide a very quick and effective application customisation to cover the rapid market changes.
End-to-End BSS/OSS solution Based on modular design, ZTE BSS/OSS propose comprehensive solutions, such as CRM, ZTE Service Delivery, ZTE Billing, ZTE Service Assurance, support full business cycle of operator from marketing strategy to sales, service delivery, billing and service assurance.
47
Solution Summary
End to End Solution ZTE is one of the few vendors who can actually provide a complete end to end offering. Our comprehensive products and solutions cover the core layer, access and bearer layer, service layer, and terminal layer. ZTE products include switching, routing, integrated access, broadband access, multi-services bearer, wavelength division transmission, digital home, ODN, BSS/OSS, ACS, Wimax, VSAT, etc. Manageable
ZTE minimise TCO by developing a complete, comprehensive and proven end to end operation solution including Element Management System (ZTE NetNumen System), CPE management (ZTE Easyservice System), E2E BSS/OSS Solution (ZTE ZSmart BOSS). Future Oriented
ZTE understands the need for investment protection and therefore solutions and hardware equipment is not only designed for today, but consideration is given to the capacity and compatibility of future technology support. Nearly all products provide an upgrade path. Proven History
NBN Co can be confident that ZTE can deliver with a proven history in doing so. ZTE has been a leading vendor in the innovation of wireline and services, and ZTEs FTTx solution and RPR-embedded MSTP solution won InfoVision awards presented by BBWF in 2007 and 2008 respectively. Our ZXA10 xPON access products have several unchallenged advantages over any other competitor. ZTE was one of the earliest companies engaged in R&D of PON and now has many mature commercial deployments of optical access network products. Thus, ZTE has an in-depth understanding and accurate positioning of xPON technologies. ZTE occupies over 50% of the xPON market in China. At the beginning of 2009, ZTE bearer network products have been deployed by more than 360 Telco operators in 105 countries worldwide. A deployment record few competitors can match.
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Acronyms
ACS Automatic Configuration System AES Advanced Encryption Standard AFEC Adaptive Forward Error Correction ASP Application Service Provider ATA Advanced Technology Attachment CAPEX Capital Expenditure CATV Cable Television CBS Committed Burst Size CO Central Office COS Class of Service CSP Content Service Provider CPE Customer Premises Equipment CRM Customer Relationship Management DBA Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation DMZ De-Militarised Zone DOS Denial of Service DWRR Deficit Weighted Round Robin E2E End to End EAPS Ethernet Automatic Protection Switching EAS Ethernet Aggregation Switch EIR Excess Information Rate EPON Ethernet Passive Optical Network EPL Ethernet Private Line ESB Enterprise Service Bus ERZ Enhanced Return-Zero Coding
49
EVPL Ethernet Virtual Private Line FTTP Fibre to the Premises FMC Fix Mobile Convergence GE Gigabit Ethernet GPON Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network HSI High Speed Internet IOT Inter-Operability Test ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network ITU-T International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standardization L2TP Layer Two Tunnelling Protocol MEF Metro Ethernet Forum NBN National Broadband Network MPLS Multiple Protocol Label Switch NCS Network-Based Call Signalling Protocol NG-PON Next-Generation Passive Optical Network NSP Network Service Provider ODU Optical Channel Data Unit OLT Optical Line Terminal ONT/ONU Optical Network Terminal/Unit OPEX Operation Expenditure OTN Optical Transmission Network P2P Point to Point PLC Planar Light-wavelength Circuit PPTP Point-to-Point Tunnelling Protocol PRM Partner Relationship Management PXC Photonic Cross-connect QOS Quality of Service RZ DQPSK Return-Zero Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
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RG Residential Gateway ROADM Reconfigurable Optical Add-drop Multiplexer RSP Retail Service Provider SAN Storage Area Network SP Strict Priority TCO Total Cost of Operation TDM Time Division Multiplex and Multiplexer ULH Ultra Long Haul UNI User Network Interface URL Uniform Resource Locator VLAN Virtual local Area Network VOIP Voice over IP VPLS Virtual Private LAN Service VPN Virtual Private Network VPWS Virtual Private Wire Service WAN Wide Area Network WB wavelength blocker WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access WSON Wavelength Switched Optical Network WSS Wavelength Selective Switch
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End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network

End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network

End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network

ZTE Confidential Proprietary

2009 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network

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2009 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network

ZTE Understanding of NBN Project

NBN Overall Network Architecture

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End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network

Cash Flow in the NBN Industry Chain

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NBN Service Architecture

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End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network

CPE Intelligent Maintenance Solution

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End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network

Bandwidth demand for various applications and technology trend

ZTE Confidential Proprietary

2009 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network

xPON evolution & migration paths

ZTE Confidential Proprietary

2009 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network

unified xPON access platform

High Port Density

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2009 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network

GPON QOS features

Proposed Application Scenarios

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2009 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network

Proposed GPON system application scenarios

Wavelength scope for various GPON

Item GPON LR-GPON NG PON

Upstream wavelength 1300~1320nm 1300~1320nm 1260~1280nm

Downstream wavelength 1480~1500nm 1480~1500nm 1574~1580nm

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2009 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network

Figure 10 Various PON coexist

Smooth Evolution to WDM PON

Figure 11 WDM PON Evolution

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2009 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

End to End Design for Australia NBN Co Network

Figure 12 ODN architecture