ADVANCED COMMUNICATION LAB

Subject Code : 10ECL67 No. of Practical Hrs/Week: 03 Exam Hours : 03 Total no. of Practical Hrs. : 42 Exam Marks : 50

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS USING DESCERTE COMPONENTS

1. TDM of two band limited signals. 2. ASK and FSK generation and detection 3. PSK generation and detection 4. DPSK generation and detection 5. QPSK generation and detection 6. PCM generation and detection using a CODEC Chip 7. Measurement of losses in a given optical fiber ( propagation loss, bending loss) and numerical aperture 8. Analog and Digital (with TDM) communication link using optical fiber. 9. Measurement of frequency, guide wavelength, power, VSWR and attenuation in a microwave test bench 10. Measurement of directivity and gain of antennas: Standard dipole (or printed dipole), microstrip patch antenna and Yagi antenna (printed). 11. Determination of coupling and isolation characteristics of a stripline (or microstrip) directional coupler 12. (a) Measurement of resonance characteristics of a microstrip ring resonator and determination of dielectric constant of the substrate. (b) Measurement of power division and isolation characteristics of a microstrip 3 dB power divider.

EX NO: 1 DATE:

AMPLITUDE SHIFT KEYING

AIM: To perform the following digital modulation technique, amplitude shift keying using IC4052 APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.NO 1. 3. 4. 5. PIN DIAGRAM: APPARATUS Power supply Function generator Cathode ray oscilloscope IC 4052,IC 741 RANGE 12v (0-15 MHZ) (0-60MHZ) QUANTITY 2 2 1 1,1

THEORY: ASK: (Amplitude shift keying): The modulation is defined as the process by which some characteristics of a high frequency carrier signal is varied in accordance with a modulating wave (low frequency message signal). In digital communication the modulating wave consists of binary data. Amplitude shift keying is the simplest digital modulation technique. In ASK the amplitude of carrier will have a value say A volts for binary symbol 1 and a value zero for symbol 0. It is equivalent to switching a sinusoidal oscillator ON or OFF and therefore this modulation process is called as ON-OFF Keying.

The two binary values (0,1) are represented by two different amplitudes of the carrier. The binary 1 is represented by the presence of the carrier. The binary 0 is represented by the absence of the carrier. S(t)={ A sin(2fct) --> binary 1 {0 --> binary 0 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: AMPLITUDE SHIFT KEYING (ASK):

EXPECTED WAVEFORMS:

RESULT: Thus the digital modulation techniques like Amplitude shift keying using IC4052 were performed and output was verified.

EX NO: 2 DATE: AIM:

FREQUENCY SHIFT KEYING (FSK):

To perform the following digital modulation technique, frequency shift keying using IC4052 APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.NO 1. 3. 4. 5. APPARATUS Power supply Function generator Cathode ray oscilloscope IC 4052 RANGE 12v (0-15 MHZ) (0-60MHZ) QUANTITY 2 2 1 1

THEORY FREQUENCY SHIFT KEYING (FSK): Here the two binary values are represented by two different frequencies near the carrier frequency.The resulting signal is S(t)={A sin(2f1t) -->binary 1 {A sin(2f2t) -->binary 0 Where f1 and f2 are typically offset from the carrier frequency fc by equal but opposite amounts. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

EXPECTED WAVEFORM:

RESULT: Thus the digital modulation techniques like Frequency shift keying using IC4052 were performed and output was verified.

EX NO: 3 DATE: AIM:

PHASE SHIFT KEYING (PSK)

To perform the following digital modulation technique, Phase shift keying using IC4052

APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.NO 1. 3. 4. 5. APPARATUS Power supply Function generator Cathode ray oscilloscope IC 4052 RANGE 12v (0-15 MHZ) (0-60MHZ) QUANTITY 2 2 1 1

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: PHASE SHIFT KEYING (PSK):

THEORY: PSK(Phase shift keying): Here the phase of the carrier signal is shifted to represent binary data. Binary 0 is represented by sending a signal burst of the same phase as the previous signal burst. A binary 1 is represented by sending a signal burst of opposite phase to the preceding one. S(t)= {A sin (2Fct+) -->binary 1 {A sin (2Fct) -->binary 0 Phase-shift keying (PSK) is a method of modulating digital signals onto an analogue carrier wave in which the phase of the carrier wave is shifted between two or more values, depending

upon the logic state of the input bit stream. The simplest method uses two phases - 0 degrees and 180 degrees. The logic state of each bit is examined with respect to the logic state of the preceding bit. If the logic state changes (i.e. from logic high to logic low) the phase of the carrier is shifted by 180 degrees. If the logic state does not change, the phase of the carrier remains the same. This form of PSK is sometimes called biphase modulation. The output waveform of a 2phase PSK modulator is shown below. EXPECTED WAVEFORM:

RESULT: Thus the digital modulation techniques like Phase shift keying using IC4052 were performed and output was verified.

EX NO: 4 DATE:

QUADRATURE PHASE SHIFT KEYING

AIM: To design and to construct a quadrature phase shift keying generator circuit.

APPARATUS REQUIRED: S.NO APPARATUS Resistor 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. RANGE 1.5k 1 k Function generator (0-15 MHZ) Cathode ray oscilloscope (0-60MHZ) IC 4052,IC 741 Capacitor 0.1F QUANTITY 2 3 2 1 1,3 2

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

DESIGN: Differentiator: Assume C1=0.1F and fc=1KHz Fo= 1/(2**R1*C1) R1=1/(2**Fo*C1) R1=1.5 K PROCEDURE: 1. Establish the circuit as shown in the diagram. 2. Set the carrier signal as a sinusoidal wave and message signal of amplitude 0-a few volts. 3. Again set the message signal with positive and negative amplitude. 4. Observe the QPSK output on the CRO. OBSERVATION: DIGITAL DATA I\P A B OUTPUT OUTPUT PARAMETERS AMPLITUDE FREQUENCY

S.No 1. 2. 3. 4.

RESULT: Thus the quadrature phase shift keying generator circuit is constructed and the output is verified