Introduction

Mostly AC Generators are using on the aircraft mainly the there-phase AC generators . When there-phase are used it can be divided into 2 basic methods of connection , The star and delta connection . Star connected three-phase system are normally used widely to distribute domestic electricity and aircraft AC power system since they can provide an earthed neutral . Besides , the delta connected three-phase system are normally used widely for transmission of high voltage supplies between substations due to the economical benefits and it does not provide a neutral line . A report been written based on the task that involves the design of a star-connected and delta connect AC power generation and distribution system . Both star and delta design has to be verified through simulation . A graph have been created to supports the theory that the three phases are 120 degrees apart from each other .

Background Theory
Each phase on the three-phase generator may be brought out to separate terminals however this arrangement is not practical as it would involve the use of too many cables and cause an increase in weight. The phases are therefore interconnected normally in one of two layouts which is the star-shaped connection or the delta-shaped connection. The star connection is normally used in generators. One end of the three phase windings are connected to a common point known as the neutral point and the other end of the phase windings are connected to three separate lines. Since the two of the windings are interconnected, the two-phase e.m.fs are in opposition and out of phase and the voltage between the lines is the phase voltage multiplied by same for this type of connection. . The line and phase currents are the

In the delta method of connection, the windings are connected in series to form a closed mesh and the lines being connected to the junction points. As only one phase winding is connected between each pair of lines, the line voltage is equal to the phase voltage. The line current however is the phase current multiplied by .

Circuit Design

Star-connection

The star connection circuit shown above is a simple design of a three-phase star-shaped AC power distribution system. It shows three sine wave voltage sources (VSINE) and (R1 , R2 ,R3) three resistors (RES) to show the loads in the circuit and the neutral been grounded. All the three sine wave voltage supply amplitude have been set to 163 V with (115 V RMS) and the frequency has been set to 400 Hz . The time delay on each of the sine voltage source has been set to 0.0025 ,0.0016 and -0.00063 to simulate 120 degrees phase between each of the three Vsine sources. One load of 0.5k has been added and R2 to simulate a load unbalanced circuit.

Delta-connection

The circuit shown above is a delta-connection AC distribution system with three sine wave voltage sources (VSINE), three 1k resistors (RES) and three 0.1 resistors (RES). The amplitude of each sine wave voltage supply is set to 163V with (115 V RMS) and the frequency is set to 400 Hz. Three0.1 resistors are placed to allow the simulator to converge the correct circuit solution.

Simulation Results
Star-connection
1) Using the Analogue Analysis tool to plot a graph of the three separate phases, verify that
the circuit is working as expected. Save a plot of this output.

2) Measure the line voltage, VL, and the phase voltage, VP. How are these voltages related? Phase voltage :115 V Line voltage :199 V. Line voltage is the Phase voltage multiplied by 3.
3) Measure the line current, IL, and the phase current, IP. How are these currents related? Line current : 0.12 A Phase current is 0.12 A. Line current and Phase current are equal in this circuit. 4) Measure the current flowing in the neutral connection for a balanced load condition. 0 A. 5) Change the value of one of the load resistances to 0.5 k . What happens to the current flowing in the neutral connection for an unbalanced load condition? 0.12 A. 6) What happens to the phase voltages for an unbalanced load condition if the neutral connection is removed?

When the neutral connection is removed, the phase voltage across the unbalanced load, R2 of 0.5k drops to 86.3 V. The phase voltage across R1 is 125 V and the phase voltage across R3 is 139 V.

Delta-connection
1) Measure the line voltage, VL, and the phase voltage, VP. How are these voltages related? Line voltage is 115 V Phase voltage across component is 115 V Line voltage and phase voltage (delta). 2) Measure the line current, IL, and the phase current, IP. How are these currents related? Line current is 0.19 A Phase current is 0.11 A. Line current is the phase current multiplied by 3. 3) Disconnect any one of the generators. What happens to the phase voltages for this fault condition? When one of the generators is disconnected from the circuit , all the phase voltage for every other component will be the same as 115 V except for RL 1 which will reduces to 98v .

Conclusion
An AC-generator can be constructed either star or delta connected . Most of the electric powet in the world is 3 phase . The concept was originally conceived by nikola tesla and was proven that 3 phase was far superior to single phase power and 3 phase power is typically 150% more effiecieny than single phase in the same power range . In a single phase unit the power falls to zero three times during each cycle , in 3 phase it never drops to zero . The power delivered to the load is the same at any instant . Also , in 3 pahse the conductors need only be 755 the size of conductors for single phase for the same power . The problem encounter was the voltage can be the same with others in the delta ciruit after re-wiring it the problem has been solved