Nursing Care Plan for Glaucoma Nursing Assessment for Glaucoma 1.

History or presence of risk factors : Positive family history (believed to be associated with primary open angle glaucoma). Tumors of the eye Hemorrhage intraocular Inflammatory intraocular uveiti) Eye contusion from trauma. Physical examination based on those in the general assessment of the eye may indicate: For primary open angle Reported a loss of peripheral vision slow (see tunnel) For primary angle closure : Incidence of sudden severe pain in the eye is often accompanied by headache, nausea and vomiting. Complaints halo light, blurred vision, and decreased light perception. The pupils are being fixed with redness due to inflammation of the sclera and cornea looks cloudy. Diagnostic Examination Tonometri used to measure intra-ocular pressure. Glaucoma is suspected when IOP greater than 22 mmHg. Gonioskopi possible to see directly the anterior chamber angle glaucoma to distinguish between closed and open-angle glaucoma. Optalmoskopi allow inspectors to see directly optic disc and internal eye structure. Assess the patient's understanding about the condition and emotional response to the condition and plan of action. Nursing Diagnosis and Nursing Interventions for Glaucoma Pain related to spasm, intra-ocular pressure, glaucoma acute. Which is characterized by :

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patients express pain in the eye, protect the side of the pain patients, frowned and whimpered. Goal : reduction of discomfort, said pain is gone / reduced, relaxed facial expression, no moaning. Intervention :

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Monitor blood pressure, pulse, and respiration every 4 hours. Monitor the degree of eye pain every 30 minutes during the acute phase. Monitor input and output every 8 hours while receiving intravenous osmotic agent. Monitor visual acuity at any time before hatching ophthalmic agents. Give appropriate instructions optalmic agent for glaucoma. Inform your doctor if : hypotension urinary output of less than 240 ml / hour No loss of pain in the eye within 30 minutes of drug therapy Decrease in constant visual acuity. Prepare patients for surgery Maintain bed rest in semi-Fowler position. Prevent increase in IOP : Instruct to avoid coughing, sneezing, straining, or placing the head below the pelvic Provide quiet environment and avoid light. Give anlgetic prescription and evaluation of its effectiveness.

Complications:

Bacterial sinusitis is nearly always harmless (although uncomfortable and sometimes even very painful). If an episode becomes severe, antibiotics generally eliminate further problems. In rare cases, however, sinusitis can be very serious. Osteomyelitis. Adolescent males with acute frontal sinusitis are at particular risk for severe problems. One important complication is

infection of the bones (osteomyelitis) of the forehead and other facial bones. In such cases, the patient usually experiences headache, fever, and a soft swelling over the bone known as Pott's puffy tumor. Infection of the Eye Socket. Infection of the eye socket, or orbital infection, which causes swelling and subsequent drooping of the eyelid, is a rare but serious complication of ethmoid sinusitis. In these cases, the patient loses movement in the eye, and pressure on the optic nerve can lead to vision loss, which is sometimes permanent. Fever and severe illness are usually present. Blood Clot. Blood clots are another danger, although rare, from ethmoid or frontal sinusitis. If a blood clot forms in the sinus area around the front and top of the face, symptoms are similar to orbital infection. In addition, the pupil may be fixed and dilated. Although symptoms usually begin on one side of the head, the process usually spreads to both sides. Brain Infection. The most dangerous complication of sinusitis, particularly frontal and sphenoid sinusitis, is the spread of infection by anaerobic bacteria to the brain, either through the bones or blood vessels. Abscesses, meningitis, and other life-threatening conditions may result. In such cases, the patient may experience mild personality changes, headache, altered consciousness, visual problems, and, finally, seizures, coma, and death.

inflammation or swelling of the tonsils from frequent or ongoing (chronic) tonsillitis can cause complications such as: Difficulty breathing Disrupted breathing during sleep (obstructive sleep apnea) Infection that spreads deep into surrounding tissue (tonsillar cellulitis) Infection that results in a collection of pus behind a tonsil (tonsillar abscess)