Contents

1.0 MARTIN TYPE ANTHROPOLOMETER (Anthropometer) ....................................................... 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Photo of Martin Type Anthropolometer .................................................................................... 4 Price of Martin Type Anthropolometer ..................................................................................... 4 Function of Martin Type Anthropolometer ............................................................................... 4 How to Use Martin Type Anthropolometer ............................................................................... 4

2.0 GONIOMETER (Garanometer) ..................................................................................................... 6 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Photo of Goniometer ................................................................................................................ 6 Price of Goniometer ................................................................................................................. 6 Function of Goniometer ........................................................................................................... 6 How to Use a Goniometer ........................................................................................................ 6

3.0 LAFAYETTE JAMAR HYDRAULIC PINCH GAUGE ............................................................... 8 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Photo of Lafayette Jamar Hydraulic Pinch Gauge ..................................................................... 8 Price of Lafayette Jamar Hydraulic Pinch Gauge ...................................................................... 8 Function of Lafayette Jamar Hydraulic Pinch Gauge ................................................................ 8 How to Use Lafayette Jamar Hydraulic Pinch Gauge ................................................................ 8

4.0 LAFAYETTE HAND DYNAMOMETER ...................................................................................... 9 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Photo of Lafayette Hand Dynamometer .................................................................................... 9 Price of Lafayette Hand Dynamometer ..................................................................................... 9 Function of Lafayette Hand Dynamometer ............................................................................... 9 How to Use Lafayette Hand Dynamometer ............................................................................... 9 1

5.0 TEKSCAN F-SCAN VERSATEK SYSTEM ................................................................................ 11 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Photo of Tekscan F-Scan Versatek System ............................................................................. 11 Price of Tekscan F-Scan Versatek System .............................................................................. 11 Function of Tekscan F-Scan Versatek System ........................................................................ 11 How to Use Tekscan F-Scan Versatek System ........................................................................ 12

6.0 ELECTROMYOGRAPHY (EMG) ............................................................................................... 14 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Photo of Electromyography (EMG) ........................................................................................ 14 Price of Electromyography (EMG) ......................................................................................... 14 Function of Electromyography (EMG) ................................................................................... 14 How to Use an Electromyography (EMG) .............................................................................. 15

7.0 SOUND LEVEL and HAND ARM VIBRATION METER (Castle GA6224/6) .......................... 16 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Photo of Sound Level and Hand Arm Vibration Meter............................................................ 16 Price of Castle Sound Level and Hand Arm Vibration Meter .................................................. 16 Function of Sound Level and Hand Arm Vibration Meter ....................................................... 16 How to Use Sound Level & Hand Arm Vibration Meter ......................................................... 17

8.0 THERMAL COMFORT and HEAT STRESS MONITOR (Babuc Data Logger) ...................... 19 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Photo of Thermal Comfort and Heat Stress Monitor ............................................................... 19 Price of Thermal Comfort and Heat Stress Monitor ................................................................ 19 Function of Thermal Comfort and Heat Stress ........................................................................ 19 How to Use a Thermal Comfort and Heat Stress Monitor ....................................................... 20

9.0 GRAY WOLF INDOOR AIR QUALITY and TOXIC GAS (IAQ) ............................................ 21 9.1 Photo of Gray Wolf Indoor Air Quality and Toxic Gas (IAQ) ................................................. 21 2

9.2 9.3 9.4

Price of Gray Wolf Indoor Air Quality and Toxic Gas (IAQ) .................................................. 21 Function of Gray Wolf Indoor Air Quality and Toxic Gas (IAQ) ............................................ 21 How to Use Gray Wolf Indoor Air Quality and Toxic Gas (IAQ)............................................ 22

10.0 ACTIWATCH 64-LIGHT ........................................................................................................... 24 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Photo of Actiwatch 64-Light .................................................................................................. 24 Price of Actiwatch 64-Light ................................................................................................... 24 Function of Actiwatch 64-Light .............................................................................................. 24 How to Use Actiwatch 64-Light ............................................................................................. 24

11.0 CH- 5900 SPINE DISORDER AND ANATOMY MODEL ....................................................... 26 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Photo of CH- 5900 Spine Disorder and Anatomy Model......................................................... 26 Price of CH- 5900 Spine Disorder and Anatomy Model .......................................................... 26 Function of CH- 5900 Spine Disorder and Anatomy Model .................................................... 26 How to Use CH- 5900 Spine Disorder and Anatomy Model ................................................... 27

1.0 MARTIN TYPE ANTHROPOLOMETER (Anthropometer) 1.1 Photo of Martin Type Anthropolometer

Figure 1; Martin Type Anthropolometer

Figure 2 ; Anthropolometer Set [1]

1.2

Price of Martin Type Anthropolometer Martin Type Anthropolometer cost of RM 7,000 per unit.

1.3

Function of Martin Type Anthropolometer The essential function of an anthropolometer is to determine the distance between two points accurately.[2] It is also an ideal set of instruments designed to make objective and quantitative measurements on the size and form of various parts of the human body.[3]

1.4

How to Use Martin Type Anthropolometer These Anthropolometer measuring kit consist of several instrument such as;[3] 1) 4 pipes, made of brass 0 - 1950mm 2) Rod measures, straight rules 0 - 270mm, curved rules 0 - 280mm 3) Tasterzirker Callipers, brass 0 - 450mm
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4) Gleitzirkel Martins Thickness Gauge, stainless steel/brass 0 - 200mm 5) Stainless steel rule, 0 - 150 mm 6) Stainless steel tape measure, 0 - 2000mm 7) Finger Sterilizing Case Measuring and Recording guideline are as follows; [4] 1) Body measurements are always taken on the right side of the body. However, some measurements may be taken on the left side of the body because of casts, amputation, or other reasons. When this occurs, the reason is noted in the comments section on the body measurement results screen or hardcopy form by the recorder. 2) All measurements, except skinfolds, should be taken to the nearest tenth of a centimeter or 1.0 millimeter. Skinfold measurement is taken to the nearest 0.1 millimeter. Measures that exceed specific limits on the computer will be repeated by each technician. 3) All skinfold measurements will be done in duplicate (i.e., by two different technicians or twice by the same technician) since these measures have the most variability. 4) If a skinfold is too tight to be measured the code for "tight skin" should be recorded in the space for that skinfold on the computer or hardcopy form. If a skinfold is above the measurable limits of the calipers, the code for "50+" should be entered in the recording space for that skinfold.

2.0 GONIOMETER SET (Garanometer) 2.1 Photo of Goniometer

Figure 3; Goniometer Kit

Figure 4; Set of Stainless Steel Goniometer

2.2

Price of Goniometer For each set of Goniometer is worth about RM 670. [5]

2.3

Function of Goniometer These instrument is used either for measures an angle or allows an object to be rotated to a precise angular position.[6]

2.4

How to Use a Goniometer Goniometer measuring instructions are as follows; [7] 1) Place the goniometer over the fulcrum of the joint. This will vary depending on which joint need to be measured. Place the stationary arm of the goniometer along the stationary line of the body, and the movable arm on the moving part of the body. 2) Ask the patient to move the joint in the desired direction. Have the patient move to his fullest extension, following the movement with the movable arm of the goniometer. Make sure the tool's stationary arm stays straight.
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3) Record the starting value as noted on the goniometer. Make sure to aware of the normal starting points for all joints. Some joints will start at 0 degrees, while others start at 90 degrees. 4) Record the ending value on the goniometer. Subtract the starting number from the final number to find the range of motion of the joint. Compare this number to the standard values for physical therapy practice to see if there is any lack of motion in the joint. 5) Record the total range of motion for the joint in the patient's file. If there is some hyperextension of a joint, make sure to write "(the degrees of hyperextension) < 0 < (flexion of the joint)." This way, any doctor or physical therapist who works with the patient will know the patient has hyperextension of the joint.

3.0 LAFAYETTE JAMAR HYDRAULIC PINCH GAUGE 3.1 Photo of Lafayette Jamar Hydraulic Pinch Gauge

Figure 5; Lafayette Jamar Hydraulic Pinch Gauge

Figure 6; How to pinch the Hydraulic Pinch Gauge [8]

3.2

Price of Lafayette Jamar Hydraulic Pinch Gauge Cost of RM850 per unit

3.3

Function of Lafayette Jamar Hydraulic Pinch Gauge The Jamar Hydraulic Pinch Gauge is designed to measure pinch strength. [9]

3.4

How to Use Lafayette Jamar Hydraulic Pinch Gauge The therapist holds the gauge while the user pinches the pads.[9] The gauge has an analogue display that shows the maximum pinched pressure with a red needle until it is reset.[9]

4.0 LAFAYETTE HAND DYNAMOMETER 4.1 Photo of Lafayette Hand Dynamometer

Figure 7; Lafayette Hand Dynamometer

Figure 8; Lafayette Hand Dynamometer storage

4.2

Price of Lafayette Hand Dynamometer RM1850 for each unit of Lafayette Hand Dynamometer

4.3

Function of Lafayette Hand Dynamometer The Hand Dynamometer is used to secure an index of general body strength, also to measure right hand versus left hand strength for comparative purposes. When combined with other forms of strength measurement it allows a much more precise measurement of body strength. [10]

4.4

How to Use Lafayette Hand Dynamometer There are several steps in operating the hand dynamometer; [10]
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1) The handle of the dynamometer must be adjusted for the size of each individual subject before the test is executed. The handle should fit comfortably in the hand with enough allowance for a good grip and record the setting found on the inside gauge if follow-up testing is to occur. 2) Place the subjects arm at their side keeping it away from the body with the elbow bent slightly (approximately 20). Illustrate the use of the instrument to the subject prior to testing. 3) The test is to be administered with dominant hand first and then with the nondominant hand. Allow three trials with each hand, right and left hand alternately, but introduce a brief pause of about 10 to 20 seconds between each trial to avoid excessive fatigue. The examiner should ask the participant to squeeze the dynamometer with as much force as possible can in order to measure maximum grip strength. 4) Record the amount of strength registered at each trial. If the difference between the scores of each is within 3 kilograms, (considering the scores of each hand separately) the test is complete. If a difference of more than 3 kilograms is noted, the test is repeated after a sufficient rest period.

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5.0 TEKSCAN F-SCAN VERSATEK SYSTEM 5.1 Photo of Tekscan F-Scan Versatek System

Figure 9; F-Scan Versatek System

Figure 10; F-Scan Sensor

5.2

Price of Tekscan F-Scan Versatek System Cost of RM 30,590 per system

5.3

Function of Tekscan F-Scan Versatek System Tekscan F-Scan Versatek System is mainly a measurement System that captures dynamic in-shoe pressure information revealing interaction between foot and footwear. F-Scan quantifies force, contact pressure distribution, and timing. [11] F-Scan can be used to; [12] 1) Screen the diabetic or arthritic foot 2) Observe gait asymmetries 3) Regulate post-surgical weight bearing and pressure distribution 4) Monitor degenerative foot disorders. 5) Examine timing of weight transfer and biomechanical function.
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6) Determine efficacy of functional orthotics 7) Perform pre- and post-surgical evaluations. 8) Identify high-risk areas in the neuropathic

5.4

How to Use Tekscan F-Scan Versatek System The handling of F-Scan Versatek System can be visualized in four main steps as follow;
[12] [13]

Step 1) Trim

Description Trim the sensors to fit the subjects footwear and place a sensor in each shoe, on top of any orthotic. The test subject only needs to remove their shoes so the operator can insert the trimmed sensors in the shoe and then slip the shoe back on.

Figure 11; F-Scan sensor

2) Connect

A padded ankle strap is applied to each leg, that is use to secure the Cuff Units. Cuff Unit are merely the interface between the computer and the sensors.

Insert the connector to the Cuff units and attached the Cuff unit to the Ankle Bands by their Velcro

Figure 12 ; Insert Cuff Unit to connector

backing. 750 Hz Scan Rate and Click-to-Connect Edge sensor.

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3) Collect

A light weight belt is placed about the waist. The belt is used to secure the cable safely away from the feet while patient walks.

Calibrate the sensors to the patient and perform the test. Calibration must be done prior to walking of the patient.

Figure 13; Patient will be asked to walk in a normal fashion

After the sensors are in place, the patient will be asked to walk in a normal fashion and relaxed speed. The length of the walk is only about 30 feet across the room and then back to the starting point.

Assess subjects while in motion using 960 sensing elements.

4) Analyze

The data is presented on a frame by frame basis, played as a video or displayed in 2D or 3D.

F-Scan provides dynamic-functional data for a complete and documentable evaluation of the foot being examined.

Figure14; Analysis and evaluation

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6.0 ELECTROMYOGRAPHY (EMG) 6.1 Photo of Electromyography (EMG)

Figure 15; Electromyography (EMG)

6.2

Price of Electromyography (EMG) One set of Electromyography (EMG) cost of RM 180,000

6.3

Function of Electromyography (EMG) Some of the usage of Electromyography are;[14] Electromyography (EMG) measures muscle response or electrical activity in response to a nerves stimulation of the muscle. The test is used to help detect neuromuscular abnormalities. EMG measures the electrical activity of muscle during rest, slight contraction, and forceful contraction.

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6.4

How to Use an Electromyography (EMG) Generally, an EMG procedure follows this process;[14] 1) The subject will be asked to remove any clothing, jewelry, hairpins, eyeglasses, hearing aids, or other metal objects that may interfere with the procedure. 2) If the subject were asked to remove clothing, they will be given a gown to wear. 3) The subject will be asked to sit or lie down for the test. 4) A neurologist will locate the muscle(s) to be studied. 5) The skin will be cleansed with an antiseptic solution. Next, a fine, sterile needle will be inserted into the muscle. A metal plate will be positioned under the subject. 6) Ten or more needle insertions may be necessary for the test. The subject may experience slight pain with the insertion of the electrode, but it is usually painless. 7) If the test is painful the subject must tell the examiner because this can interfere with the results. 8) The subject will be asked to relax and then perform slight or full-strength muscle contractions. 9) The electrical activity from the subject working muscle will be measured and displayed on the oscilloscope. 10) An audio-amplifier may also be used so that both the appearance and sound of the electrical potentials can be evaluated. If the recorder is attached to an audioamplifier, the subject may hear a sound like hail on a tin roof when they contract their muscle.

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7.0 SOUND LEVEL and HAND ARM VIBRATION METER (Castle GA6224/6) 7.1 Photo of Sound Level and Hand Arm Vibration Meter

Figure 16; Castle Sound Level and Hand Arm Vibration Meter

7.2

Price of Castle Sound Level and Hand Arm Vibration Meter Worth of RM 33,000 per unit

7.3

Function of Sound Level and Hand Arm Vibration Meter Generally, sound level meters measure sound pressure level and are commonly used in noise pollution studies for the quantification of almost any noise, but especially for industrial, environmental and aircraft noise.[15] As for Castle Sound Level Meter, is ideally equipped for carrying out Noise at Work Risk Assessments, as well as the majority of environmental survey work. The range of parameters measured the wide measuring capability of the meter and the ease of use, mean that this equipment is suitable for anything from aircraft noise to lawnmower design, and from construction sites to laboratories.[16]

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7.4

How to Use Sound Level & Hand Arm Vibration Meter There are several measurements that can be compute by using these apparatus such as; Calibration 1) Turn on the power switch located on the side panel. 2) Set the frequency weighting to A with the Frequency Weighting Key. 3) Set the Time Weighting to Fast with the Time Weighting Key. 4) Set the range to 30 120 dB using the Range Key and the Cursor Up/down Keys. 5) Ensure the calibrator is attached to the microphone by gently inserting the microphone into the cavity of the calibrator. (Switched on and set 94dB). 6) Adjust the calibration potentiometer on the side panel until the display shows the output level of the GA607 for GA6224 or GA602 for GA6226 7) The calibrator automatically turns OFF after approximately one minute. A-weighted Sound Pressure Level Measurement 1) Turn on the power switch located on the side panel. 2) Set the frequency weighting to A with the Frequency Weighting Key. 3) Set the Time Weighting to Fast with the Time Weighting Key. 4) Press the Range Key and change the range to 20-100dB using Up/down Keys. 5) Press the Range Key again to set the value. 6) Set the mode to LA with the Measurement Mode Key 7) LA will now appear on the Display Equivalent Continuous A-weighted Sound Pressure Level Measurement
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1) Turn on the power switch located on the side panel. 2) Set the frequency weighting to A with the Frequency Weighting Key. 3) Set the Time Weighting to Fast with the Time Weighting Key. 4) Press the Range Key and change the range to 20-100dB using Up/down Keys. 5) Press the Range Key again to set the value. 6) Set the mode to Leq with the Measurement Mode Key. 7) Select the measurement time with the Measurement Time Key. Intervals of between 1s and 24hr can be selected. If *** is selected, the measurement will continue until the Stop Key is pressed. 8) Pressing Start/Stop Key starts the measurement and a right arrow appears in the upper left corner of the display during measurement. 9) Measurement automatically stops at the selected time and the LAeg value appears in the Display. If *** is selected, the measurement will continue until the Stop Key is pressed. Max Hold Measurement 1) 2) 3) Turn on the power switch located on the side panel. Press the Measurement Mode Key until LAMH appears in the Display. Press the Set Key and the digital display holds its maximum value and is only updated when a new maximum value is measured. 4) 5) Press the Set Key again resets the Max Hold Value. The bar display does not hold its value, but shows an instantaneous value updated every 0.1 seconds.

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8.0 THERMAL COMFORT and HEAT STRESS MONITOR (Babuc Data Logger) 8.1 Photo of Thermal Comfort and Heat Stress Monitor

Figure 17; Thermal Comfort and Heat Stress Monitor Figure 18; Thermal Comfort and Heat Stress Monitor Setup [17]

8.2

Price of Thermal Comfort and Heat Stress Monitor Cost of RM 35,000 per unit

8.3

Function of Thermal Comfort and Heat Stress System for the measurement of all parameters which, altogether, define the quality of the environment as to the thermic sensation of an individual. [18] Measuring the main thermic quantities as; [18] 1) Temperature 2) Humidity 3) Ventilation, together with calculation software, it is possible to obtain the most important ISO indexes of comfort and heat stress (hot and cold).
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4) Vibration 5) Air speed 6) Heat flow 7) Gas concentration 8) Solar radiation. UVA, UVB 9) Atmospheric and differential pressure

8.4

How to Use a Thermal Comfort and Heat Stress Monitor Programmable operating procedures;[19] 1) Instruction to store or just display the data. 2) Attributing a number to the measurement. 3) Attributing the automatic start/end date-time of the measurement. 4) Setting the acquisition rate for each probe. 5) Setting the instrument protection code. 6) Setting the display turn-off time. (BabucA only) Direct Printing where the instruments can be connected directly to serial printers with at least an 80-column carriage. [19] Calculating and then display derived parameters when connected to specific sensors. [19]

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9.0 GRAY WOLF INDOOR AIR QUALITY and TOXIC GAS (IAQ) 9.1 Photo of Gray Wolf Indoor Air Quality and Toxic Gas (IAQ)

Figure 19; Gray Wolf Indoor Air Quality and Toxic Gas (IAQ) Setup and IQA Kit

9.2

Price of Gray Wolf Indoor Air Quality and Toxic Gas (IAQ) These apparatus worth is of RM37,825.

9.3

Function of Gray Wolf Indoor Air Quality and Toxic Gas (IAQ) Generally, these equipment is used to check the quality of air (gas) and as for Gray Wolf's indoor air quality (IAQ) specifically used in; [20] 1) Simultaneous measurement of up to six (6) key IAQ indicators with one probe; VOCs, CO2 (dilution ventilation), CO, %RH, C/F plus an additional toxic gas sensor (from a broad choice of specific gases) 2) Optional particle concentration or particle count module 3) Optional air velocity probes 4) With an added probe, concurrently measure up to five additional gases

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5) Up to 4 Gray Wolf probes (20+ sensors), plus a particulate sensor may be connected simultaneously to any platform 6) Optional internal differential pressure sensor and/or barometric pressure sensor (Advanced Sense or Wolf Pack only) Gray Wolf's Toxic gas meters are available for measuring Ozone (O3), Ammonia (NH3), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Nitric Oxide (NO), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S), Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN), Hydrogen Chloride (HCl), Oxygen (O2), Chlorine (Cl2), Arsine (AsH3), Phosgene, (CCl2O), Phosphine (PH3), Silane (SiH4), Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2), Fluorine (F2), Hydrogen (H2), Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) and Ethylene Oxide (EtO). [21]

9.4

How to Use Gray Wolf Indoor Air Quality and Toxic Gas (IAQ) Gray Wolf's indoor air quality (IAQ) operation.[20] 1) Gray Wolf utilizes mobile PCs let to document the walk-thru in great detail. 2) Generate professional, information-rich IAQ reports at the push of a button. Gray Wolf IAQ monitors and meters harness the power of mobile PCs to significantly improve the IAQ test capability. 3) Connect to Advanced Sense, Mobile Windows Pocket PCs, to XP/Vista/WIN7 PCs or to Wolf Pack. Gray Wolf's Direct Sense kits are typically supplied with a business grade Pocket PC included. Gray Wolf's Toxic gas meters operation.[21] 1) Select from one up to 5 gas sensors, plus temperature, in a single probe. Options for VOCs, Airflow, Particle Counts, CO2, %RH and more with additional probes
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2) Plug in multiple probes (up to 4) simultaneously into a single meter 3) Connect to a Gray Wolf supplied embedded PC instrument, Windows Mobile Pocket PC, WIN 7 Tablet/Netbook PC or to your own Notebook/Desktop PC 4) Log portable spot measurements, or trend log (unattended) over hours/days/weeks 5) Store enhanced survey information; data, text, audio notes and etc. 6) Auto-attach photos, videos, calibration details and more to data files 7) Desktop data transfer and reporting software is included. 8) Optional Advanced Report Generator software makes detailed report production ultra-efficient 9) Optional Gray Wolf Live webhosting enables remote access via Wi-Fi to real-time & logged data as well as to notes your operators have attached in the field. 10) Load your own application related documents or procedures.

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10.0 ACTIWATCH 64-LIGHT 10.1 Photo of Actiwatch 64-Light

Figure 20; Actiwatch 64-Light

Figure 21; Actiwatch [22]

10.2

Price of Actiwatch 64-Light Actiwatch 64-light is worth of RM 28,000

10.3

Function of Actiwatch 64-Light The Actiwatch-64 device is used in research and clinical settings to detect and record wrist motion of human subjects during wake and sleep period. [23]

10.4

How to Use Actiwatch 64-Light There are several of procedure related to Actiwatch 64-Light as; [23] Fixture Trials 1) To display equivalence of activity data from the Actiwatch devices, activity data were recorded from eight of each Actiwatch models (Actiwatch- 64, Actiwatch 2, and Actiwatch Spectrum).
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2) Individual devices were selected at random to be tested. Each was congured with an epoch length of 15 seconds using Actiware 5.5 application software. 3) A validated, calibrated, NIST-traceable mechanical wave motion xture swept each device through a distance of +/- 5 cm at dierent frequencies ranging from 0.5 Hz to 4 Hz. The various movement frequencies simulate dierent intensities of human physicalactivity. 4) After each test, data were transferred from each device to a personal computer using the Actiware software application via the ActiReader and

communication docks. 5) No additional signal conditioning or processing was used after data transfer. Pair Device Trial 1) To illustrate the substantial equivalence of activity data and sleep statistics received from the three models of Actiwatch under typical usage conditions, time-synchronized, matched pairs of devices (one Actiwatch-64 along with either an Actiwatch 2 or Actiwatch Spectrum) were worn by 12 research subjects for up to 14 days. 2) Device pairs were congured identically and attached together rmly to ensure that consistency of the orientation for the pairs was maintained. Sleep statistics were derived from 20 individual rest intervals using the default analytical settings for the Actiware software.

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11.0 CH- 5900 SPINE DISORDER AND ANATOMY MODEL 11.1 Photo of CH- 5900 Spine Disorder and Anatomy Model

Figure 22; CH- 5900 Spine Disorder and Anatomy Model

11.2

Price of CH- 5900 Spine Disorder and Anatomy Model Each model worth of RM 1,350

11.3

Function of CH- 5900 Spine Disorder and Anatomy Model The model show several disorders such as; [24] 1) Bone spurs 2) Herniated disc 3) 3 vertebrae divided to show compression fractures
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4) Osteoporosis 5) Bone tumor 6) Arthritis of the hip.

11.4

How to Use CH- 5900 Spine Disorder and Anatomy Model Review on disorder affecting the Spine and the basic of anatomy by using the model as a medium for better understanding.

Spinal curvatures that are colour- coded represent the major structures and, in certain instances, lesions or other abnormalities. Includes occipital bone and cerebellum, circle of Willis, vertebral artery, spinal nerves with sciatic nerve, right brachial plexus, and 1st and 2nd ribs, sacroiliac ligaments and several muscles including: subocciptal triangle, longus capitis, scalene muscles, psoas major and minor, iliacus, gluteus medius and minimus, piriformis and gemellus.[25]

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REFERENCES

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]

http://mentone-educational.com.au/product/Anthropometer-Measuring-Set--PE036 http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-an-anthropometer.htm http://www.timeoutmassage.com.au/zen/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=653 http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhanes/nhanes3/cdrom/nchs/manuals/anthro.pdf http://www.rehaboutlet.com/goniometers.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goniometer http://www.ehow.com/how_4545736_record-goniometric-measurements.html http://prohealthcareproducts.com/pinch-gauges-c-3/jamar-hydraulic-pinch-gauge-p-86 http://www.assistireland.ie/eng/Products_Directory/Healthcare_Products/Assessment_Test_Equipm ent/Pinch_Gauge_Dynamometers/Jamar_Hydraulic_Pinch_Gauge1.html)

[10] https://www.chponline.com/store/pdfs/78010manual.pdf [11] http://www.brbiomedicals.com/foot_scan.html [12] http://www.oregonfootclinic.com/f-scan.html [13] http://www.desonmedical.com/tekscan.htm#F-Scan_VersaTek_System__bipedal_inshoe_analysis_ [14] http://www.muschealth.com/gs/TandPcontent.aspx?pageid=P07656 [15] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_level_meter [16] http://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/Castle-GA6224-Class-1-Data-Logging-Sound-Level-Meter/120503326519 [17] http://www.precicon.com.sg/Home/Solution/IndoorAirQuality/tabid/1463/language/enGB/Default.aspx [18] http://www.lsi-lastem.it/deposito/pdf/MW8501.BabucMA.pdf [19] http://www.precicon.com.sg/Portals/28/docs/Green/MW8501.BabucMA.pdf [20] http://wolfsense.com/directsense-iaq-indoor-air-quality-monitor.html [21] http://www.wolfsense.com/multi-toxic-gas-meter-monitors.html [22] http://www.jdinstruments.com/actiwatch.html [23] http://minimitter.respironics.com/downloads/researchreports.pdf [24] http://www.komkare.com/misc/charts/ch5900.html [25] http://www.anatomywarehouse.com/budget-muscle-spine--anatomy-model-with-disorders-withstand-104

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