Welcome to

HTLS Conductor
1. Capacity Upgrading 2. HTLS Conductor 3. Experience 4. Summary

OHM TEKMIN Telf. 51 1 260 8616 Fax 51 1 260 8616 gventas@ohmtekmin.com

* HTLS Conductor: High Temperature Low Sag Conductor

1. Capacity Upgrading
Increase in demand for electricity is a big issue of the day in many countries.
However,
Very high cost to install new power lines Very high cost to install new power lines Too difficult to acquire tower sites Too difficult to acquire tower sites and right-of-way and right-of-way Not enough time to built new lines Not enough time to built new lines Popular feeling against construction of Popular feeling against construction of high voltage overhead lines high voltage overhead lines in urban and suburban areas in urban and suburban areas

Background

Solution

Re-conductoring of existing lines Re-conductoring of existing lines with with

High Temperature & Low Sag Conductor

2. HTLS Conductor

Optimized HTLSC

High current capacity Long term reliability

Current Capacity
Low sag-tension property

Reliability

Sag

Optimized HTLS Conductor

Installation
Conductor cost Economics Labor cost Low line loss

Easy and rapid installation Compatible to existing installation method

2. HTLS Conductor

Developmental Trend

The cutting edge technologies of capacity upgrading apply to various types of conductor.

Ampacity x 2.0
GAP Conductor ACSS

Key materials
4

Material Conductor Core Steel Steel Steel INVAR CFCC Conductor Al TAl Hi-TAl STAl Al

STACIR
1

Max. operating temp. 90 oC 150 oC 150 oC 210 oC 90 oC

Max. current Ratio x 1.0 x 1.55 x 1.5 x 2.0 x 1.0

Application

ACSR TACSR Hi-TACSR STACIR ACFR

Uprating with increased sag Uprating for long span Uprating with equivalent sag Increase G.clearance under same capacity

x 1.5

GAP 3 TACSR Conductor HiTACSR

x 1.0

Copper

ACSR

AAAC

* A key to abbreviations: TAl: Thermal Resistant Aluminum-Alloy Hi-TAl: High-tensile Strength Thermal Resistant Aluminum-Alloy STAl: Super Thermal Resistant Aluminum-Alloy INVAR: a kind of Ni-Fe Alloy

ACFR

1880 1910

1960

1980 1990

2000

Year

CFCC: Carbon Fiber Composite Cable

2. HTLS Conductor

STACIR Conductor

Ampacity Upgrading : x 2 ACSR

High Strength AW High Strength AW

Aluminum-clad Invar Aluminum-clad Invar
* Invar is a 36%Ni-Fe Alloy

No limitation for application area : Heavy wind & snow, galloping area Equivalent Sag-Tension Properties to conventional ACSR

STAL STAL
Super Thermal Resistant Super Thermal Resistant Al-Alloy Conductor Al-Alloy Conductor

No Modification & Reinforcement on Existing Tower Easy Installation with Same Method & Equipment as ACSRs Reduced Design Time and Cost High Reliability with Strong Track Record

2. HTLS Conductor

STAL Conductor

STAL wire containing Zr element has improved annealing resistance properties without loss of strength at high operating temperature.
Annealing Characteristics for Al Wire
110 100

Comparison with other conductors

HAL Density (g/cm3) Conductivity (%IACS) Tensile Strength (kgf/mm2) Allowable Temp. (oC) Continuous Emergency 2.7 61 16.2 ~17.9 90 120 x 1.0 TAL 2.7 60 16.2 ~17.9 150 180 x 1.5 Hi-TAL 2.7 55 22.9 ~25.7 150 180 x 1.5 Hi-TACSR
(River-crossing)

STAL 2.7 60 16.2 ~17.9 210 240 x 2.0 STACIR

Residual strength, %

90 80 70 60 50 0 100 200 300

o

HAL
400

STAL

Ampacity Applicable Conductor

500

ACSR

TACSR

Aging temperature, CX1hr

* HAL : Hard-drawn ALuminum wire * TAL : Thermal-resistant ALuminum-alloy wire * Hi-TAL: HIgh-tensile strength Thermal-resistant ALuminum-alloy Wire * STAl : Super Thermal-resistant ALuminum-alloy Wire

OHM TEKMIN Telf. 51 1 260 8616 Fax 51 1 260 8616 gventas@ohmtekmin.com

2. HTLS Conductor
Al-clad Invar has low thermal expansion coefficient value (1/3 to steel wire) at high operating temperature (210oC).
2,000

INVAR Core

Sag vs Temperature *

ACSR 795kCM Drake

Thermal Expansion
40
Cable Sag - mm

1,600

1,200

STACIR 795kCM Drake

800

Dimension Change,

30

20

10

an alv G

i lw ee t dS ze i

: re

10 .5x 11

-6

400

Knee point temperature

0
4,000

50

100

150

200

250

300

Cable Temperature - deg C

x1/3
Cable Tension - kg

Tension vs Temperature *

-6 x10 / ire : 3.7 Invar W Al-clad

3,000

0 -100

2,000

100

200
o

300

400

Temperature, C

1,000

STACIR 795kCM Drake ACSR 795kCM Drake

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Cable Temperature - deg C

Invar is a 36%Ni-Iron Alloy Low thermal expansion coefficient at high operating temperature

x2 Capacity Upgrading

Equivalent Sag and Lower Tension at High Operating Temperature

* Sag and Tension vs. Temperature Test was performed at Kinectrics International Inc., Canada.

2. HTLS Conductor
Appropriate design is needed to accommodate to high temperature and high-tensile strength.

Fittings & Accessory

Compression Type Dead-end Clamp

Description Dead-end clamp with Jumper terminal Joint sleeve
Armor grip type is not recommendable.

Type of Fittings

Remark
Armor grip or wedge type are not recommendable.

Compression type with larger volume

Suspension clamp Bundle spacer the same as those used for ACSR Vibration damper

* Conductor dimension : 410mm2 Length (L) ACSR 590 675

(Unit: mm)

Diameter (D) 48 52

insulator

STACIR

OHM TEKMIN Telf. 51 1 260 8616 Fax 51 1 260 8616 gventas@ohmtekmin.com

2. HTLS Conductor

Installation

The Installation Methods for STACIR are exactly the same as those used for ACSR (Stringing, Sagging & Clamping) .

2. HTLS Conductor

Installation

STACIR can reduce outage time in Semi live line installation because of high efficiency on installation work.
Fist Circuit Replacement Fist Circuit Replacement Not enough time for outage Not enough time for outage Needed Rapid installation Work Needed Rapid installation Work
1. Determine outage period 1. Determine outage period considering electric load considering electric load (ex. straight holidays) (ex. straight holidays) 2. One circuit : Shut down 2. One circuit : Shut down Other circuit : Operation Other circuit : Operation 3. Installation Work should be 3. Installation Work should be finished quickly finished quickly

Second Circuit Replacement Second Circuit Replacement Enough time for shut down Enough time for shut down
1. Determine shut-off period 1. Determine shut-off period not considering electric load not considering electric load ( One HTLS circuit has double ampacity) ( One HTLS circuit has double ampacity) 2. One HTLS circuit : Increasing capacity 2. One HTLS circuit : Increasing capacity Other circuit : Shut down Other circuit : Shut down 3. Start replacement work 3. Start replacement work

2circuit / 2conductor, 30 r.km

Installation of First Circuit Installation of First Circuit in 1 month in 1 month

Finished Installation work Finished Installation work in 1 month in 1 month

2. HTLS Conductor
Capacity Upgrading
Comparative Cost Analysis (Operation Period : 30 Years)
Build Period Based on 30 route.km Preliminary work Cost of right of way Tower Foundation Construction Cost Conductor & Ground wire 4.1 Conductor Furnishing 4.2 Stringing 4.3 Ground-wire Furnishing 4.4 Ground-wire Stringing Line Accessories Grounding Operation Cost Opportunity Cost Maintenance Cost kWh Loss Cost due to Difference of Counstruction Period -

Economic Evaluation

Build New Line 18 Months Required High Cost Required Low price Required Required Required Required Required Low High Small

Replacement by HTLSC 100% 6 Months (Short Period) Not Required No Cost Not Required

PRE PRE LIIM L MIN INAR ARY Y

47% Down

53% High price Required Not Required Not Required

Partially Required

Operation (kWh Loss)

Not Required High Low Small Cost

(same as ACSR)

Construction of New Line

Maintenance Construction Material

Replacement By HTLSC

3. Experience

KEPCO / Korea

KEPCO // Korea KEPCO Korea

Korea Electric Power Corporation Korea Electric Power Corporation

: Sinnamwon T/L (June 2000) (345kV, 2cct, 17km)

Customer Problems

Existing

LGC Proposal

Increasing demand for electricity due to rapid growth of industry and factory automation Demand for peak load rate by 9% every year Very high cost to acquire new tower site and right-of-way Not enough time to construct new power line Increasing concerns about environmental preservation and popular enmity to overhead power lines

ACSR 480 x2B Ampacity [A/cond.] Sag [m] Tension[kgf] 918 10.21 4,140

STACIR 410 x2B

1,707 9.79 4,140

All lines were installed and run very well without any problems Acquire certification of KEPCO

KEPCO Experience
Unit: circuit km

Voltage grade
* Condition : Zone , Span 300m Operating Temp.:ACSR 90 , STACIR 210

High Capacity. Conductor 383 1,360 1,743

345kV 154kV Total

3. Experience

KEPCO / Korea

3. Experience
TNB // Malaysia TNB Malaysia
Tenaga Nasional Berhad Tenaga Nasional Berhad

TNB / Malaysia

: Port Klang P/S~Kapar S/S etc. (275kV, 2cct, 4km) Technical & Commercial Proposal : June 2003 Scope: Conductor & Fittings Contract : 1st 47km (Dec. 2003) 2nd 294km (Jul. 2005) 3rd 53km (Dec. 2006) Installation for 1st Project : Jan. 30, 2004 ~ Feb. 29, 2004

Frequent Black-out in Kuala Lumpur has been recurring High cost and difficulty to acquire right-of-way & erection / installation Could be completed within short period of time (2month) on full turnkey built

ACSR 400 (Zebra)

STACIR 410 1,584Amp/cond.

719Amp/cond.

* Operating Temp.: ACSR 75 STACIR 183

3. Experience

ENEL / Italy ENDESA / Spain

ENEL // Italy ENEL Italy

Enel Distribuzione SpA Enel Distribuzione SpA

: Model section (April 2003)

(Cable Length, 51km) Existing

240 1,207Amp/cond.

Customer Problems Rapid increase overloaded line Need to exchange existing line for Upgrading conductor

LGs Proposal
STACIR

Technical & Commercial Proposal : December 2002 Delivery : April 2003

* Condition : wind pressure 88kg/ safety factor 2.0 Operating Temp.: ACSR 90 STACIR 210

Installation Start : September 2003

ENDESA // Spain ENDESA Spain

Empresa Nacional de Electricidad S.A, Empresa Nacional de Electricidad S.A,

: Field Trial Test (Nov. 2001) (110kV, 2cct, 3km) Existing

ACSR/AW 477MCM(Hawk) 606Amp/cond.

Customer Problems Rapid increase in the demand for electric power

LGs Proposal
STACIR 240 1,207Amp/cond.

Technical & Commercial Proposal : November 2001 Delivery : September 2002 Installation : December 2002 Under Field Test : January 2003

3. Experience

Power Grid / India

Power Grid // India Power Grid India

LILO of one circuit of 400kV DC, Dadri-Ballabhgarh New T/L of 30km Invar Moose Conductor Package associated with high capacity East- North Interconnector-II (Award No.C-41408-L175/NOA-I/1403)

Customer Problems

Existing
ACSR Moose x 2B Ampacity [A/cond.]

LSC Proposal STACIR/AW Moose x 2B Technical Proposal : December 2002 Scope: Conductor & Fittings Contract: September 2004 Qty of conductor: 396km Type Test: Successfully passed
, STACIR/AW 210

Increasing demand for electricity due to rapid growth of industry and factory automation Demand for peak load rate High cost to acquire new tower site and right-of-way Not enough time to construct new power line

614

1,700

* Condition : Span 400m Operating Temp.:ACSR 75

(August 2005) Delivered: September 2005

3. Experience
LILO of one circuit of 400kV D/C Dadri-Ballabhgarh New Transmission Line at New Delhi (Maharani-Bagh) Sub Station

Power Grid / India

Type Test Certificate

OHM TEKMIN Telf. 51 1 260 8616 Fax 51 1 260 8616 gventas@ohmtekmin.com

3. Experience

NCIP, CPC, GZPSC, KSPSC & KEPC / China

04: 1st BukSin-Bukan T/L (110kV, 2cct, 4.3km) 05: 2nd WuBei-Wu T/L (220kV, 2cct, 4.5km) 06: 3rd Babao-Shangchun T/L (220kV, 2cct, 55km) 07: 5 Packages for GZPSC, KSPSC, KEPC & NCIP (220kV, 349km)

China China
Increasing demand and investment of electricity for Beijing Olympics High cost and difficulty to acquire right-of-way & erection / installation Could be completed within short period of time

Capacity upgrading by replacement of the existing ACSR with Invar conductor

2008 Beijing Olympics

3. Experience

PGCB / Bangladesh

PGCB // Bangladesh (SIEMENS) PGCB Bangladesh (SIEMENS)

Power Grid Company of Bangladesh Power Grid Company of Bangladesh

: 230/132kV sub-station at Tongi & Hasnabad and 132/33kV sub-station at Kalyanpur

<Layout Plan & Sectional Elevation>

ACSR 400mm2 Zebra 737A

STACIR 400mm2 Zebra

1,645A

3. Experience / Case Study

QPPL / Philippines

QPPL // Philippines QPPL Philippines

Quezon Power Philippines Co. Ltd. (IPP) Quezon Power Philippines Co. Ltd. (IPP) Mauban Plant

: 230kV Mauban Plant-Tayabas Substation T/L (31km) - Under F/S and

A. Existing Power Plant Generation (Unit 1)

1. Plant Capacity : 600MW 2. Transmission Line: a) Line Voltage: 230kV b) Line Length: 31 km c) Structure Type: Lattice Steel Towers, Double Circuit e) Line Conductors: 2 x 795 kCM ACSR "Condor"

230kV Mauban -Tayabas T/L

B. Power Plant Expansion (Unit 2)

1. Plant Capacity : 600MW

Capacity Upgrading by replacement of the existing ACSR conductor with STACIR 410mm2 ! Line Capacity > 1,200MW !
Tech. Proposal: April 2007 Approved by DENR: May 2007 Site Survey: June 2007 Approved by TransCo: Sep. 2007 Contract: January 2008 Delivery: April 2008 Reconductoring: May ~ June 2008

Build New Transmission ? ROW anticipated problems & insurgency situation in the areas.
Tension Tower

4. Summary
Double ampacity uprating with STACIR Conductor on the existing towers
STACIR Conductor has more than double ampacity of conventional ACSR STACIR Conductor has equivalent sag-tension properties to conventional ACSR Conventional fittings and accessories for ACSR can be used for STACIR Conductor except compression fittings Same installation method as conventional ACSR is applied for Invar Conductor STACIR Conductor has high long-term reliability with strong track record

Most power utilities do use STACIR Conductor for their uprating project !

Thank You !

OHM TEKMIN Telf. 51 1 260 8616 Fax 51 1 260 8616 gventas@ohmtekmin.com

www.lscable.com