CONSERVATION OF FUEL BY AUTO START AND STOP OF SI ENGINE

(Traffic violation, emission, fuel consumption)

ABSTRACT The conservation of fuel is an important aspect for present scenario. The fuel should be conserved for our future generation. This project deals with the fuel conservation in automobiles at the traffic signals. SI engine consumes more fuel in idling condition than in running condition. So, it is necessary to switch off the engine when red signal is displayed in order to reduce the fuel consumption. At the same time, auto ignition should be done to start the engine when the green signal is displayed. In this CONSERVATION OF FUEL BY AUTO START AND STOP OF SI ENGINE, a RF transmitter is provided within the specified area. The RF Transmitter has different frequencies for red signal and green signal. A RF receiver is fitted in the vehicle to receive the corresponding RF signal from the transmitter. Two speed sensors are used to sense the speed of engine and gearbox output shaft. All these input signals are send to the Electronic Control Unit (ECU), where the signals are processed and the logical decision is taken. The output signal is send to the ignition relay (Petrol Engine). According to the requirement, the engine is turned off (Red signal) or started (Green signal).

NEED FOR AUTOMATIC TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM IN SI ENGINE PCRA (PETROLEUM CONSERVATION RESEARCH ASSOCIATION) suggested that if a vehicle is going to be in idling condition for more than 90seconds it is better to switch off the engine to reduce fuel consumption and emission. The main reason for their suggestion is that fuel consumption is more in city drive compared to highway drive, this is because of more traffic signal and the vehicles are not switched off even when the time duration is very long, so fuel consumption is more and emission are also high. In this project it is aimed to stop the engine, if the idling duration exist the proposed time limit and to start the engine at the time of green. AIM OF THE PROJECT The aim is to implement Auto Start and Stop of the SI Engine to replace the conventional system, to conserve fuel, increasing the mileage of vehicle by 20%and to reduce emission. A circuit is to be designed to stop the vehicle within the specified time limit and to start the vehicle and Sensors will be used for this specified objective and an electronic control unit will be controlling the start and stop of the engine. A prototype model will be developed. HOW TO IMPLEMENT THE PROJECT: To implement the Auto Start and Stop of the SI Engine, RF transmitter must be placed in the required area, range of working of the RF transmitter is studied and for the implementation of this project the specified range is10 meters and RF transmitter ISM band is used for this purpose. RF receiver is placed in frontal area of the vehicle. Microcontroller receives the output signal from RF receiver and sensors. Engine speed sensor placed in flywheel and motor relay gear box output sensor

placed in gear box. The microcontroller placed in inside the dash board. Starter motor relay switch placed between starter motor & battery. From the input microcontroller controls the spark plug relay switch for stopping and starter motor relay switch for starting. Test will be conducted to check the fuel efficiency of a vehicle before and after the implementation of this system in the vehicle.

Schematic representation of Auto Stop Start of SI engine

RF TRANSMITT ER ENGIN E SPEED SENSO R GEAR BOX O/P SENSO R

Spark plug
RF RECEIVER

ELECTRONIC CONTROL UNIT (ECU)

Relay switches

Starter

Fly wheel

BLOCK DIAGRAM: TRANSMITTER SECTION: (IN SIGNAL)

Power supply
Encoder RED YELLO W GREEN

RF Transmitt er

Micro controller

RECEIVER SECTION: (VEHICLE SECTION)

I/P FROM SPEED SENSOR INPUT FROM GEAR BOX POWER SUPPLY ADC

MICRO CONTROLLER
RF RECEIVER Decoder

RELAY SWITCH 1 STARTER MOTOR

RELAY

BATTERY

SPARK PLUG

PLACEMENT AREA DIAGRAM OF RF TRANSMITTER IN TRAFIC SIGNALS

SINGLE TRANSMITTER WITH ROAD DIMENSIONAL DETAILS

MULTI TRANSMITTER WITH ROAD DIMENSIONAL DETAILS

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: Microcontroller with Power supply ADC RF Transmitter and Receiver Encoder and decoder Relay SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS: Embedded C Keil Compiler