MOTIVATION

Motivation is a force that energies or gives direction to behavior. Motivation is an important necessity to success. It is an internal force, so we can only infer motivation from behavior. It determines a persons behavior and the resulting performance is a product of both ability level and motivation and next is managers must seek to raise this level of motivation and direct its driving force towards the achievement of organizational goals. The degree to which the individual wants and chooses to engage in a specified behaviour-Mitchell. Once every peoples are motivated they are accomplished to achieve expected results or higher as well as motivate others around them. If we see the motivation leaning it has many motivation theories. These motivation theories include Intrinsic motivation, Extrinsic motivation, Cognitive theories, Reinforcement theories, Social Learning theories and the Need theories: need theory examine individuals needs regarding Maslows hierarchy of needs theory, Herzbergs two factor theory, Alderfers ERG theory and McClellands acquired needs theory. Intrinsic motivation is related to self satisfaction of completing a task successfully or a growth. This kind of motivation has been explained by Fritz Heider's attribution theory, Bandura's self-efficacy theory as well as by Ryan and Deci's cognitive evaluation theory. Extrinsic motivation is related to the external factors such as awards or promotions. Needs theories show each human being is an individual, and each individuals behaviour is not entirely rational- not always prompted by his conscious mind? The most commonly accepted theory about causation of human behaviour is Need theory. Maslows hierarchy of needs theory focuses on the five level hierarchy. There are follows: Physiological needs, Safety/security needs, Belongingness/love needs, Esteem/ego needs and Self-actualization needs. Frederick Herzberg developed his two-factor theory of motivation by looking at various job factors and how they relate to needs. He dived the factors at the workplace into two categories: Motivators- when present to a marked degree, increase satisfaction from work and provide motivation towards superior effort and performance. These are: recognition, Responsibility, Achievement, Advancement and The work itself. And second factor is Hygiene factors- to the degree that they are absent, increase worker dissatisfaction with jobs. When present, they serve to prevent job dissatisfaction, but do not result in positive satisfaction and motivation. These are: Type of supervision, Interpersonal relations, Salary/wages, working conditions and Company policies, rules.