Science Research Reporter 1(3): 155-158, Nov.

2011

ISSN: 2249-7846 (Online)

Cypermethrin impact on total protein in muscle and liver of the freshwater fish Channa striatus
S A Tantarpale Dept. Of Zoology, Vidya Bharati Mahavidyalaya, Amravati- 444602 (M.S.) Email: tantarpale.swati123@gmail.com ABSTRACT
The effect of cypermethrin on total protein in muscle and liver tissues were estimated in freshwater fish Channa striatus. Fishes were exposed to sublethal concentration of cypermethrin (0.00078ul/lit) for 24,48,72, and 96hours of different time intervals. The total protein level was found to decrease 58.99, 41.12, 38.11, 21.81mg/lit in muscle and 23.62, 20.77, 19.17, 12.67 mg/lit in liver tissues at different exposure period. KEYWORDS: Cypermethrin, liver, musle, protein.

INTRODUCTION: Pyrethroids are extensively used to control the pest today to increase agricultural production (oros et al. 2005). Agricultural chemicals including nitrogen compounds, pesticides and brokedown products are commonly present in water bodies (Capel et al. 2008, Hancock et al. 2008 and Doods et al. 2009). The extensive and uncontrolled use of pesticides has caused serious environmental problems, influencing structure and function of the ecosystem (chinni et al. 2001 and srivastava et al. 2008). Pesticides represent a relevant stressor for many aquatic and terrestrial species (Kale et al. 1999 and Leiss et al. 2005b). The contamination affect all group of organisms in aquatic ecosystem like invertebrate (Castillo et al. 2006) and non target aquatic biota like fishes (Prashanth and Neelagund, 2008 and Singh et al. 2010). In addition to there acute toxicity, many pyrethroids may have potentially deleterious affect at sublethal levels (Coats et al. 1989, Prashanth and David 2006, Velmurugan et al. 2007 and Anital et al. 2010). Scientist has shown that insecticides mainly affect liver of fishes (Kumble and Muley 2000). Notable alteration that is declined trend in liver and intestine glycogen of Ophiocephalus punctatus exposed to sublethal concentration of

cypermethrin, these declined values of glycogen showed disturb carbohydrate metabolism due to toxic stress (Gijare et al. 2011). Mishra and sharma 2004 augmented that, energy for maintenance and activity comes from the catabolism of food. In fishes, proteins are one of the main sources of energy which also plays an important role in tissue building. The fresh water fish channa striatus is mostly used as a food item; hence an attempt has been made to study the changes, in the total protein of the freshwater fish Channa Striatus exposed to sublethal concentration of Cypermethrin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The freshwater fishes were collected from local wadali lake and Friday fish market around Amravati region. Measuring 10 + 18 cm in length and about 22+ 35 gm weight. Fishes were acclimatized in laboratory condition, for 10 days fed with artificial food and procedure for toxicity was done. After that fishes were exposed to sublethal concentration of cypermethrim (0.00078 ul/lit) at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours.The fishes were sacrified and fresh(wet) tissues liver and muscle were isolated then total protein was estimated by Lowry et al. (1951) method.

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S A Tantarpale RESULT AND DISCUSSION In the present study observed that there was significant decrease in total protein of muscle and liver tissues of tested fishes at different exposure period. The value were found to be 58.99, 41.12, 38.11, 21.81 mg/lit in muscle and 23.62, 20.77, 19.17, 12.67 in liver respectively

ISSN: 2249-2321 (Print)

compared to control values (Table 1). As significant decrease was observed in muscle and liver tissues may be because these organs are more active and require large amount of energy. It also appears that vigorous struggling may enhance muscle activity which may probably contribute to protein degradation that is proteolysis.

TABLE 1: Changed total protein in muscle and liver (wet tissues) of freshwater fish Channa striatus exposed to sub lethal concentration of cypermethrin (0.00078 l/lit) Exposure period (hrs) Tissues Muscle (mg/lit) Liver (mg/lit) Control (mg/lit) 56.890.0217 32.120.019 24 58.990.021 23.620.021 48 41.120.013 20.770.020 72 38.110.022 19.170.018 96 21.810.021 12.670.017

Similar findings by Malla Reddy (1988) and Kale et al (2006),proteins are the main source of energy there degradation is to cope with high energy demand augmented during malathion stress in Cyprinus carpio.Also the total protein level showed decreased trend in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in response to the treatment of cypermethrin by Korkmaz et al (2009). In Clarius gariepinus exposed to cyhalothrin decreased protein observed by Ogueji and Auta (2007).Decreased in protein level may be attributed to impaired synthetic machinery due to cypermethrin effect David et al (2004). Atamanlap et al. (2002) reported decrease in protein content in rainbow trout (Oncarhynchus mykiss) due to contaminated environment condition. Sathyanarayan (2005) described the physiological status of animal is usually indicated by the metabolic status of protein. The depletion of

protein fraction in liver, brain and kidney may have been due to their degradation and possible utilization for metabolic purposes. Similar results were also found by Vutukuru (2005), Venkatramana et al (2006), Mamata kumari (2007), Muley et al. (2007) and Chezhian et al. 2010) . In present study it is concluded that toxic nature of cypermethrin affected total protein in muscles and liver tissues of channa striatus therefore proteins are mainly involved in energy and metabolic process. The physiological and metabolic status of fishes disturbed due to toxic stress. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author gratefully acknowledges Dr. K.M.Kulkarni former Vice-Chancellor of Swami Ramanand Tirth Marathwada University, Nanded for providing laboratory facilities and needful help.

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Science Research Reporter 1(3): 155-158, Nov. 2011

ISSN: 2249-7846 (Online)

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