Dispatching: It is important mechanism of production control. Meaning of this term is sending to destination or starting something on way.

When applied to production control, it means the assignment of work to different machines or work places which involve insurance of order and production form in order of their priority as determined by scheduling. In dispatching translated into reality or physical work this has been planned scheduling. Duties of Dispatching: 1. Assignment of work to different machines of work place men. 2. Movement of material from stores to the first process and from process. 3. Issue of tool orders, instructing the tool department to collect and make ready jigs and fixtures, in advance of time, at which the operation will commence. 4. Issue of time ticket, drawing, instruction cards & other necessary information presented performing the work. 5. Issue of inspection order after each operation to determine the result in the number of pieces good and the bad and cause of spoilage. 6. Issue of more orders and collection of time tickets, drawings, instruction cards for all completed operations. 7. Recording time of beginning and completing jobs hand calculate duration of, forwarding complete records to production department and time card pay roll department. 8. Recording and reporting idle time of machine and operation. Dispatching Procedure: Manner in which schedule or orders are issued depends upon whether the dispatching decentralized or centralized in the Decentralized: The manufacturing schedules or work orders in blanket fashion to the foreman or dispatch clerk within department. It is duty of foreman or clerk to dispatch the orders of material to each machine and operator. In centralized dispatching: This involves the dispatching of orders from central dispatching division to machine or work station. Capacity and characteristic of each machine is recorded in central dispatching station. Regardless of type of dispatching it is customary for department to department themselves informed of the starting dates, progress of each order by means of wall chart visible index file or one of the several types of department dispatching boards. Dispatching Rule: Simple Rule:

1. Earliest due date: Run the job with the earliest due date, results in good date performance. 2. First come first served: Run the job which arrived in the waiting line first. Result at low variance of manufacturing cycle time. 3. Shortest processing time: Run the job which has the shortest set up plus machining for the current work centre. Combination Rule: 1. Minimum stock: Slack equals calendar time remaining minus processing time remaining or slack equals date minus present time minus set up and machining time all remaining operation. 2. Critical ratio: The critical ratios are made to order work is a slack type rule. Critical equals 0 to due date minus present time divided by number of days required to complete the job order.

Routing: The specification of the flow of sequence of operation and processes to be followed i producing a particular manufacturing a lot is routing. Routing determines that work will be done on the product of parts as well as where and How it will be done. It estimates the operations, their path, sequence proper class of machines and personnel required for these operations. An analysis of the article does determine what to make and what to purchase. Decision as whether to fabricate a component or purchase it from elsewhere. These are based on relative cost, technical consideration purchasing policies, availability of equipment, personnel, skill. An analysis of article to determine what materials are needed: - It depends upon the drawing, specifications, standard of quality, identification symbol, application in product. This depicts the additional material needed Figure 1.2 demonstrate the general procedure in production routing. A determination of manufacturing operation and the sequence. This section establishes the operation necessary to manufacture the proper sequence on route sheet and operation sheet. Determination of lot sheet. It depends primarily upon the manufacturing involved. If the product is to be manufactured strictly to a sold order, the customers order plus a certain average or allowance of stock, the lot size depends upon the primary of economic lot quantities etc., the quantity to manufacture so that for which the sum of the set-up and other preparation cost and the cost of carrying an inventory of the article manufactured at the minimum. Determination of scrap factor: Is the anticipated normal scrap encountered in the course of manufacturing. The difference of amount of SHRINKAGE depends upon the scrap factor encountered in the process best practice dictates the establishment of standard scrap factors for use in routing and scheduling. Analysis of cost article: It includes cost accounting department for cost estimating of product. Factors Affecting Routing Procedure: 1. Manufacturing type employed. 2. Availability of plant equipment and its component parts. 3. Characteristic of physical plant equipment and its component parts. 4. Human elements.