Health, Education, Social Protection News & Notes 09/2012

A bi-weekly newsletter supported by GIZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft fr Internationale Zusammenarbeit)

22 April 2012
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Table of Contents: BOOKS ................................................................................ 4

World Development Indicators 2012 ....................................................................................... 4 Protecting the poor: A microinsurance compendium - Volume II............................................ 4 Caribbean Human Development Report 2012 ........................................................................ 4 Laccs aux soins de sant en Afrique de lOuest .................................................................. 5

ONLINE PUBLICATIONS .................................................... 5

Global Health.............................................................................................................. 5
The Global Fund: What Next for Aid Effectiveness and Health Systems Strengthening?...... 5 Global health funding and economic development ................................................................. 5

HIV - AIDS - STI ......................................................................................................... 6

Programmatic update: Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating Pregnant Women and Preventing HIV Infection in Infants.......................................................................................... 6 Guidance on couples HIV testing and counselling, including antiretroviral therapy for treatment and prevention in serodiscordant couples .............................................................. 6 HIV-Infected Ugandan Adults Taking Antiretroviral Therapy With CD4 Counts >200 Cells/L Who Discontinue Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis Have Increased Risk of Malaria and Diarrhea 6 Doing more with less: Social Return on Investment ............................................................. 7 HIV and TB in Practice (HATIP) for Nurses: Integration and Decentralisation ....................... 7

Sexual & Reproductive Health .................................................................................... 7

Community-level impact of the reproductive health vouchers programme on service utilization in Kenya .................................................................................................................. 7 Local organizations critical role in the provision of reproductive health care during disaster response.................................................................................................................................. 8 Toolkit for Integrating LGBTI Issues into HIV & GBV Prevention ........................................... 8 Sometimes they used to whisper in our ears: health care workers perceptions of the effects of abortion legalization in Nepal .................................................................................. 8 From 6 Billion to 7 Billion: How population growth is changing and challenging our world .... 9

Maternal & Child Health.............................................................................................. 9

How to know what you need to do: a cross-country comparison of maternal health guidelines in Burkina Faso, Ghana and Tanzania .................................................................. 9 Supporting Child Rights: Synthesis of Lessons Learned in Four Countries ........................... 9 South Africas Children: A Review of Equity and Child Rights.............................................. 10 Progress in child well-being: Building on what works ........................................................... 10 Critical drivers of change for child-sensitive development .................................................... 10 Travelling the Distance: A GPS-Based Study of the Access to Birth Registration Services in Latin America and the Caribbean.......................................................................................... 11

Malaria ..................................................................................................................... 11
The Alliance for Malaria Prevention: A Toolkit for Mass Distribution Campaigns to Increase Coverage and use of Long-Lasting Insecticide-Treated Nets............................................... 11

HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 1

WHO Policy Recommendation: Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) for Plasmodium falciparum malaria control in highly seasonal transmission areas of the Sahel sub-region in Africa ..................................................................................................................................... 11 Challenges and prospects for malaria elimination in the Southern Africa region ................. 12 Malaria in India: The Center for the Study of Complex Malaria in India ............................... 12 Emergence of artemisinin-resistant malaria on the western border of Thailand: a longitudinal study ...................................................................................................................................... 12 Approaching the community about screening children for a multicentre malaria vaccine trial ............................................................................................................................................... 13 The epidemiology of postpartum malaria: a systematic review ............................................ 13 A global map of dominant malaria vectors ............................................................................ 13 Value for Money in Malaria Programming: Issues and Opportunities................................... 14 Aidspan Review of a Study by Y. Akachi and R. Atun on the Effect of Investment in Malaria Control on Child Mortality ...................................................................................................... 14 A Generic Risk Assessment Model for Insecticide-Treated Nets ......................................... 14

Tuberculosis ............................................................................................................. 15
Use of Spatial Information to Predict Multidrug Resistance in Tuberculosis Patients, Peru. 15

Other Infectious Diseases......................................................................................... 15

Global Report for Research on Infectious Diseases of Poverty............................................ 15 Treatment of Hepatitis C as Prevention: A Modeling Case Study in Vietnam ...................... 15

Social Protection....................................................................................................... 16
Cash transfer schemes and the health sector: making the case for greater involvement .... 16 Provider payment in community-based health insurance schemes in developing countries: a systematic review .................................................................................................................. 16 Appraising the Thailand Village Fund ................................................................................... 16

Water, Sanitation & Hygiene..................................................................................... 17

UN-Water Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water (GLAAS) 2012 Report........................................................................................................................... 17

Human Resources.................................................................................................... 17
Africas neglected area of human resources for health research - the way forward............. 17

Health Systems & Research ..................................................................................... 17

Research and Development to Meet Health Needs in Developing Countries: Strengthening Global Financing and Coordination....................................................................................... 17 A literature review of the disruptive effects of user fee exemption policies on health systems ............................................................................................................................................... 18 Need to reform the remuneration system to initiate a system approach to the health sector in resource-poor countries..................................................................................................... 18 The Imperative to Share Clinical Study Reports: Recommendations from the Tamiflu Experience ............................................................................................................................ 18 Epidemiology, epigenetics and the Gloomy Prospect: embracing randomness in population health research and practice ................................................................................................. 19 Influencing policy change: the experience of health think tanks in low- and middle-income countries ................................................................................................................................ 19

Information & Communication Technology ............................................................... 19

Policy guidelines for the development and promotion of open access ................................. 19 The Evolving Roles of the Medical Journal ........................................................................... 20 mHealth in Ethiopia: Strategies for a New Framework ......................................................... 20 The role of information communication technology (ICT) towards universal health coverage: the first steps of a telemedicine project in Ethiopia............................................................... 20

Education ................................................................................................................. 21
Education in South Sudan: Investing in a Better Future ....................................................... 21 The Negative Consequences of Overambitious Curricula in Developing Countries............. 21

Harm Reduction and Drug Use................................................................................. 21

The tobacco industrys past role in weight control related to smoking.................................. 21 Incentives for Life: Cash-on-Delivery Aid for Tobacco Control in Developing Countries...... 22

Millennium Development Goals ................................................................................ 22

1,000 Days: An end and a new beginning ............................................................................ 22 Advancing the global development agenda post-2015: some practical suggestions ........... 22

Development Assistance .......................................................................................... 23

More Dollars than Sense: Refining Our Knowledge of Development Finance Using AidData ............................................................................................................................................... 23

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Private Funding: An Emerging Trend in Humanitarian Donorship ........................................ 23 The Global Financial Crisis: The Beginning of the End of the Development Agenda? ...... 23 The Aid Effectiveness Agenda: The benefits of going ahead - A commentary on the final report ..................................................................................................................................... 24 Australian Multilateral Assessment ....................................................................................... 24

Others ...................................................................................................................... 24
Surgery in Africa Monthly Reviews: Hypoxia in Surgical Patients ........................................ 24 Dementia: A public health priority ......................................................................................... 25 Advocating for Road Safety and Road Traffic Injury Victims ................................................ 25

ELECTRONIC RESOURCES ............................................ 25

World Bank Announces Open Access Policy for Research and Knowledge........................ 25 World Bank DataFinder Mobile Apps .................................................................................... 26 Investing in Women & Girls - An Independent Supplement from Mediaplanet to USA Today ................................................................................................................................... 26 Global Journal of Medicine and Public Health - Vol. 1(1) Jan-Feb 2012 .............................. 26 The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries - Vol. 6, No. 04: April 2012...................... 26 The Consolidation Programme Health / Policy Analysis & Formulation in the Health Sector (PAF) in Indonesia................................................................................................................. 27

INTERESTING WEB SITES .............................................. 27

The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative..................................................................................... 27

TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES............................................ 27
M.A. Programme Health and Society in South Asia ........................................................... 27 Health and Human Rights ..................................................................................................... 27 Master of Science in Tropical Medicine ................................................................................ 28 Rational Management of Medicines: A focus on HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria........ 28

CONFERENCES................................................................ 29
ICT4Health Conference......................................................................................................... 29

CARTOON ......................................................................... 29 TIPS & TRICKS ................................................................. 29

Sticky Notes feature in Windows 7........................................................................................ 29 iPad Multi-Touch Gestures.................................................................................................... 30

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BOOKS
World Development Indicators 2012
The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank, April 2012 463 pp. 11.0 MB: http://data.worldbank.org/sites/default/files/wdi-2012-ebook.pdf The book is a compilation of relevant, high-quality, and internationally comparable statistics about development and the quality of peoples lives. Organized around six themes world view, people, the environment, the economy, states and markets, and global links - it aims to put data into the hands of policy makers, development specialists, students, and the public. We encourage and applaud the use of the data presented here to help reduce poverty and to solve the worlds most pressing development challenges. The full dataset used to produce World Development Indicators contains more than 1,000 indicators for 216 economies, with many time series extending back to 1960. ***

Protecting the poor: A microinsurance compendium - Volume II

Edited by Craig Churchill and Michal Matul International Labour Organization, 2012 666 pp. 6.8 MB: http://www.munichre-foundation.org/NR/rdonlyres/2841AFDC-EFEE4C82-85D6-0AF0DEA58B39/0/MicroinsuranceCompendium_VolII.pdf This second volume of Protecting the poor is a unique collection of recent practices and emerging ideas in microinsurance. It covers numerous innovations that have emerged in recent years to meet the challenges of providing insurance to low-income people, from new products and delivery channels to consumer education tools, while examining changes in regulations, providers and schemes. As the microinsurance community dramatically evolves and millions more low-income households have access to better insurance cover, this timely second volume will be an invaluable resource for policymakers, insurers, academics and NGOs. ***

Caribbean Human Development Report 2012

Human Development and the Shift to Better Citizen Security by Helen Clark, Rebeca Grynspan, Heraldo Muoz et al. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), 2012 246 pp. 3.1 MB:
http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/corporate/HDR/Latin%20Am erica%20and%20Caribbean%20HDR/C_bean_HDR_Jan25_2012_3MB.pdf

Crime has become one of the main challenges threatening economies and livelihoods in Caribbean countries, but the right mix of policies and programmes can halt the problem, according to this report. It reviews the current state of crime as well as national and regional policies and programmes to address the problem in seven English- and DutchHESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 4

speaking Caribbean countries: Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Lucia, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago. ***

Laccs aux soins de sant en Afrique de lOuest

Au-del des idologies et des ides reues Valry Ridde 344 pages, Les Presses de lUniversit de Montral, fvrier 2012 Achat: Papier ISBN 9782760622784; 44,95 US$, 40 PDF ISBN 9782760627550; 21,99 US$, 19,99 http://www.pum.umontreal.ca/catalogue/lacces-aux-soins-de-sante-en-afrique-de-louest Cet ouvrage cherche partager des connaissances contemporaines sur les stratgies favorisant laccs financier aux soins de sant, notamment lexemption du paiement des soins pour les populations les plus vulnrables. De plus en plus de pays en Afrique ont donc dcid de supprimer le paiement au point de service ou d'organiser des mutuelles de sant, mettant en application les dclarations de l'Union Africaine ou des agences des Nations Unies. Destin un large public, ce livre rassemble des recherches effe ctues dans plusieurs pays pour partager des preuves scientifiques sur ces mcanismes qui bnficient aux plus vulnrables.

ONLINE PUBLICATIONS
Global Health The Global Fund: What Next for Aid Effectiveness and Health Systems Strengthening?
by David McCoy, Carlos Bruen, Peter Hill and Dominique Kerouedan Aidspan, 20 April 2011 20 pp. 529 kB: http://aidspan.org/documents/aidspan/GF-and-AE-and-HSS.pdf This report describes how the Global Fund has evolved and how it has engaged with aid effectiveness and health systems strengthening and that it must do more to re-affirm its commitment to these principles. The report also discusses current commentaries on the future direction of the Global Fund and advances recommendations that the authors believe should inform discussions about the Funds challenges. ***

Global health funding and economic development

by Greg Martin, Alexandrea Grant and Mark D'Agostino Globalization and Health 2012, 8:8 (10 April 2012) 8 pp. 155 kB: http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/pdf/1744-8603-8-8.pdf The impact of increased national wealth, as measured by Gross Domestic Product HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 5

(GDP), on public health is widely understood, however an equally important but less well-acclaimed relationship exists between improvements in health and the growth of an economy. This editorial calls for a recognition of health as a major engine of economic growth and for commensurate investment in public health, particularly in poor countries.

HIV - AIDS - STI Programmatic update: Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating Pregnant Women and Preventing HIV Infection in Infants
Executive Summary World Health Organization, April 2012 7 pp. 163 kB: http://www.who.int/entity/hiv/PMTCT_update.pdf This programmatic update is meant to provide a current perspective for countries on the important changes and new considerations arising since publication of WHOs PMTCT ARV guidelines, 2010 version, especially as a number of countries are now preparing to adopt Option B+ approach of starting all HIV-infected pregnant women on lifelong treatment. WHO has begun a comprehensive revision of all ARV guidelines, including guidance on ARVs for pregnant women, planned for release in early 2013. ***

Guidance on couples HIV testing and counselling, including antiretroviral therapy for treatment and prevention in serodiscordant couples
Recommendations for a public health approach by Rachel Baggaley, Caitlin Kennedy, Gail Kennedy et al. World Health Organization, April 2012 54 pp. 568 kB: http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/9789241501972.pdf These new WHO guidelines recommend offering HIV testing and counselling to couples, wherever HIV testing and counselling is available, including in antenatal clinics. For couples where only one partner is HIV positive, the guidelines recommend offering antiretroviral therapy to the HIV positive partner, regardless of his/her own immune status (CD4 count), to reduce the likelihood of HIV transmission to the HIV negative partner. ***

HIV-Infected Ugandan Adults Taking Antiretroviral Therapy With CD4 Counts >200 Cells/L Who Discontinue Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis Have Increased Risk of Malaria and Diarrhea
by James D. Campbell, David Moore, Richard Degerman et al. Clin Infect Dis. (2012) 54 (8): 1204-1211 (First published online: March 14, 2012) 8 pp. 362 kB: http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/54/8/1204.full.pdf+html

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Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis prolongs survival and prevents opportunistic infections, malaria, and diarrhea in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Many countries recommend that individuals taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) discontinue c otrimoxazole when CD4 counts are >200 cells/L. The authors conclude that HIVinfected adults on ART with CD4 counts >200 cells/L who live in a malaria-endemic area of sub-Saharan Africa and who abruptly discontinue cotrimoxazole prophylaxis have an increased incidence of malaria and diarrhea compared with those who continue prophylaxis. ***

Doing more with less: Social Return on Investment

Evidence Based Operational Research on KHANA Integrated Care and Prevention Program in Cambodia by Liza Tong, Heng Sopheab, Tuot Sovannary International HIV/AIDS Alliance and Khmer HIV/AIDS NGO Alliance (KHANA), April 2012 8 pp. 799 kB: http://www.aidsalliance.org/includes/Publication/Final-SROI-Short-Report.pdf An integrated HIV care and prevention program in Cambodia shows a promising social return on investment. Using a simplified methodology to measure social return on investment, the report says it found that for every US$ 1 spent on the European Commission-funded program between 2007 and 2011, US$ 1.73 was generated in health, economic and social-related values. Among the main benefits of the program was promotion of greater understanding and ability of care givers to support people living with HIV and orphaned and vulnerable children. ***

HIV and TB in Practice (HATIP) for Nurses: Integration and Decentralisation

Editors Theo Smart and Keith Alcorn HATIP #190, April 17th, 2012 4 pp. 170 kB: http://www.aidsmap.com/pdf/page/2318019/ HATIP is a regular electronic newsletter for health care workers and community-based organisations on HIV treatment in resource-limited settings. This edition of HATIP looks at the drive towards decentralisation and integration of HIV services from the point of view of those who will be delivering those services, nurses and community health workers.

Sexual & Reproductive Health Community-level impact of the reproductive health vouchers programme on service utilization in Kenya
by Francis Obare, Charlotte Warren, Rebecca Njuki et al. Health Policy Plan. (2012) - First published online: April 3, 2012 11 pp. 169 kB:
http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/04/03/heapol.czs033.full.pdf+html

HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 7

This paper examines community-level association between exposure to the reproductive health vouchers programme in Kenya and utilization of services. The results show that for births occurring after the voucher programme began, women from communities that had been exposed to the programme since 2006 were significantly more likely to have delivered at a health facility and to have received skilled care during delivery compared with those from communities that had not been exposed to the programme at all. There were, however, no significant differences in the timing of first trimester utilization of antenatal care (ANC) and making four or more ANC visits by exposure to the programme. ***

Local organizations critical role in the provision of reproductive health care during disaster response
by Rachel Kelley and Charlotte Greenbaum Health and Human Rights, April 20, 2012 Read online at: http://www.hhropenforum.org/2012/04/local-organizations-critical-role-in-the-provisionof-reproductive-health-care-during-disaster-response/ The need for reproductive health care - especially in situations of armed conflict and natural disaster - far exceeds the availability of these life-saving services. International donors can improve the availability of reproductive health care by funding and collaborating with local organizations on the ground in their native countries. ***

Toolkit for Integrating LGBTI Issues into HIV & GBV Prevention
Published by Southern African AIDS Information and Dissemination Service (SAfAIDS), 2012 To download components of the Toolkit go to: http://www.safaids.net/content/toolkit-integrating-lgbti-issueshiv-gbv-prevention This Toolkit shares information, tools, activities, and skills building ideas and methods to support organisations and individuals to better understand the needs of lesbian, gay, b isexual, transgender and intersex people (LGBTI) in HIV and gender-based violence work in their communities. This Toolkit provides a means to disseminate information pertaining to African sexualities, human sexuality and sexual minorities. It specifically addresses how sexual orientation and gender identity relates to and interconnects with HIV and gender based violence. ***

Sometimes they used to whisper in our ears: health care workers perceptions of the effects of abortion legalization in Nepal
by Mahesh Puri, Prabhat Lamichhane, Tabetha Harken et al. BMC Public Health 2012, 12:297 (20 April 2012) 18 pp. 142 kB: http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-12-297.pdf Unsafe abortion has been a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in NeHESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 8

pal. Since legalization in 2002, more than 1,200 providers have been trained and 487 sites have been certified for the provision of safe abortion services. Overall, study participants had positive views of abortion legalization - many believed the severity of abortion complications had declined, contributing to lower maternal mortality and morbidity in the country. A focus on family planning and post-abortion counselling may be welcomed by providers concerned about multiple abortions. ***

From 6 Billion to 7 Billion: How population growth is changing and challenging our world
by Grace Baranowski and Hannah Ellison Population Institute, September 2011 36 pp. 8.9 MB:
http://www.populationinstitute.org/external/files/reports/from-6b-to-7b.pdf

Since 1999 world population has grown from 6 billion to 7 billion. For the fourth time in the past half century, 1 billion people were added to the planet in 14 years or less. If the U.S. and other donor nations fulfil the commitments made at the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development, the goal of universal access to family planning and other reproductive health services can yet be achieved. But a business-as-usual approach, one that treats these goals as desirable, but not imperative, is doomed to failure.

Maternal & Child Health How to know what you need to do: a cross-country comparison of maternal health guidelines in Burkina Faso, Ghana and Tanzania
by Ulrika Baker, Goran Tomson, Mathias Some et al. Implementation Science 2012, 7:31 (13 April 2012) 29 pp. 548 kB: http://www.implementationscience.com/content/pdf/1748-5908-7-31.pdf The study revealed few significant differences in content between the national guidelines for maternal health and WHO recommendations. There were, however, marked variations in the format of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) between the three countries. Apart from the Ghanaian and one of the Tanzanian CPGs, the levels of both u sability and applicability were assessed as low or medium. In all three countries, the use of CPGs by health workers in practice was perceived to be limited. ***

Supporting Child Rights: Synthesis of Lessons Learned in Four Countries

by Arne Tostensen, Hugo Stokke, Sven Trygged, Kate Halvorsen Joint Evaluation 2011:1, February 2011 260 pp. 1.2 MB: http://www.cmi.no/publications/file/3947-supporting-child-rights.pdf

HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 9

This report synthesizes the findings and lessons learned from an evaluation of Norways and Swedens aid interventions intended to promote child rights in four countries: Guatemala, Kenya, Mozambique and Sudan. The evaluation addresses how (if at all, in what way and to what extent) child rights have been strengthened with regard to building the capacity of duty-bearers to fulfil their obligations. Moreover, the evaluation has endeavoured to assess the extent to which the rights holders (girls and boys) are cap able of claiming their rights and how Norwegian and Swedish aid has enhanced their ability to do so. ***

South Africas Children: A Review of Equity and Child Rights

Editors Viv Barnes and Mary Luce South African Human Rights Commission and UNICEF South Africa, March 2011 76 pp. 4.1 MB: http://www.sahrc.org.za/home/21/files/SA%20CHILDREN%2024%20MARCH%2 02011%20SAHRC%20_%20UNICEF%20REPORT.pdf This report reflects an analysis of key indicators to assess the fulfilment of childrens rights in South Africa. The evidence shows that there has been significant progress in fulfilling childrens right to social security, particularly through the dramatic expansion of social grants. This has contributed to the moderate decline in child poverty. This report is a statistical publication. But behind every statistic is the life of a child - each one endowed with rights to survive, develop and reach his or her full potential, regardless of geographic location, race, income, gender or other status. ***

Progress in child well-being: Building on what works

by Rachel Marcus, Paola Pereznieto, Erin Cullen et al. A report commissioned from the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) by Save the Children and UNICEF, 2012 114 pp. 1.3 MB: http://www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/files/docs/Progress %20in%20Child%20Well-being%20low%20res.pdf This report analyses the improvements to childrens lives during the past two decades in five sectors: health, nutrition, water and sanitation, education and child protection. The extraordinary progress achieved on many fronts should be celebrated. It is a clear demonstration that, when the right steps and approaches are taken, development works. ***

Critical drivers of change for child-sensitive development

by Rachel Marcus, Paola Pereznieto, Erin Cullen et al. Overseas Development Institute, April 2012 Report commissioned by Save the Children UK and UNICEF 104 pp. 2.7 MB: http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/docs/7636.pdf

HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 10

There has been significant progress in promoting childhood well-being over the past 20 years. Nonetheless, the international community still has a long way to go in meeting related Millennium Development Goals, which in themselves are modest targets. Progress has varied between regions and countries; overall, it has often been fastest in Latin America and the Caribbean and East Asia and slowest in Sub-Saharan Africa, although some of the greatest gains in education have been in sub-Saharan Africa. ***

Travelling the Distance: A GPS-Based Study of the Access to Birth Registration Services in Latin America and the Caribbean
by Ana Corbacho and Rene Osorio Rivas Inter-American Development Bank, March 2012 43 pp. 1.1 MB:
http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=36749514

Birth registration is essential to guarantee a childs right to an identity. Without proper documentation of their identity, children have limited access to health, education and social assistance, laying the foundation for lifelong exclusion. Geographic distance to registration facilities is often cited as a significant barrier in qualitative surveys. Using Global Positioning System (GPS) data, this paper quantifies the impact of distance on birth registration in Bolivia, the Dominican Republic and Peru. Given their low costs, GPS devices should be used in every household survey and census.

Malaria The Alliance for Malaria Prevention: A Toolkit for Mass Distribution Campaigns to Increase Coverage and use of Long-Lasting Insecticide-Treated Nets
Second Edition by Vivienne Seabright (ed.) Alliance for Malaria Prevention (AMP), January 2012 268 pp. 8.3 MB: http://www.allianceformalariaprevention.com/resources/AMP%20Toolkit%202.0% 20English%20FINAL.pdf this toolkit provides a step-by-step guideline for the planning and implementation of mass long-lasting insecticide-treated net (LLIN) distributions, whether for specific population groups or for universal coverage. It includes information on coordination, planning and budgeting, procurement, logistics, communication, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, reporting results, and sustaining gains. ***

WHO Policy Recommendation: Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) for Plasmodium falciparum malaria control in highly seasonal transmission areas of the Sahel sub-region in Africa
World Health Organization, March 2012

HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 11

4 pp. 95 kB:
http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/atoz/smc_policy_recommendation_en_032012.pdf

WHO has released a new recommendation on Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) for P. falciparum malaria control in highly seasonal transmission areas of the Sahel sub-region in Africa. Seasonal malaria chemoprevention, previously referred to as Intermittent Preventive Treatment in children (IPTc), is defined as the intermittent administration of full treatment courses of an antimalarial medicine during the malaria s eason to prevent malarial illness with the objective of maintaining therapeutic antimalarial drug concentrations in the blood throughout the period of greatest malarial risk. ***

Challenges and prospects for malaria elimination in the Southern Africa region
by William J. Moss, Douglas E. Norris, Sungano Mharakurwa et al. Acta Tropica, Volume 121, Issue 3, March 2012, pp. 207-211 5 pp. 206 kB: http://www.malarianexus.com/articles/read/232/challenges-andprospects-for-malaria-elimination-in-the-southern-africa-region/ The overall goal of the International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research in Southern Africa is to contribute to regional malaria control efforts that can be sustained beyond the duration of the project. This goal will be achieved through a combination of: (1) state-of-the-art research on malaria epidemiology, vector biology and the genetics of the malaria parasite in three different epidemiological settings; (2) collaborations with national malaria control programs to develop locally adapted and sustainable control strategies; and (3) training, career development and capacity building at research institutions throughout the region. ***

Malaria in India: The Center for the Study of Complex Malaria in India
by Aparup Das, Anupkumar R Anvikar, Lauren J Cator et al. Acta Tropica, Volume 121, Issue 3, March 2012, pp. 267-273 7 pp. 680 kB: http://www.malarianexus.com/articles/read/239/malaria-inindia-the-center-for-the-study-of-complex-malaria-in-india/ The authors describe plans for a Center for the Study of Complex Malaria in India (CSCMi), one of ten International Centers of Excellence in Malaria Research (ICEMRs) located in malarious regions of the world recently funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health. The CSCMi is a close par tnership between Indian and United States scientists, and aims to address major gaps in the understanding of the complexity of malaria in India, including changing patterns of epidemiology, vector biology and control, drug resistance, and parasite genomics. ***

Emergence of artemisinin-resistant malaria on the western border of Thailand: a longitudinal study

by Aung Pyae Phyo, Standwell Nkhoma, Kasia Stepniewska et al. HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 12

The Lancet, Early Online Publication, 5 April 2012 7 pp. 433 kB: http://download.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS014067361260484X.pdf Artemisinin-resistant falciparum malaria has arisen in western Cambodia. A concerted international effort is underway to contain artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, but containment strategies are dependent on whether resistance has emerged elsewhere. The authors found that genetically determined artemisinin resistance in P falciparum emerged along the Thailand-Myanmar border at least 8 years ago and has since increased substantially. At this rate of increase, resistance will reach rates reported in western Cambodia in 2-6 years. ***

Approaching the community about screening children for a multicentre malaria vaccine trial
by T.A. Lang, J. Gould, L. von Seidlein et al. International Health, Vol. 4, Issue 1, March 2012, pp. 47-54 8 pp. 373 kB: http://www.malarianexus.com/articles/read/233/approaching-thecommunity-about-screening-children-for-a-multicentre-malaria-vaccine-trial/ Community sensitisation, as a component of community engagement, plays an important role in strengthening the ethics of community-based trials in developing countries and is fundamental to trial success. However, few researchers have shared their community sensitisation strategies and experiences. The authors report on their perspective as researchers on the sensitisation activities undertaken for a phase II malaria vaccine trial in Kilifi District (Kenya) and Korogwe District (Tanzania), with the aim of informing and guiding the operational planning of future trials. ***

The epidemiology of postpartum malaria: a systematic review

by Machteld E Boel, Marcus J Rijken, Bernard J Brabin et al. Malaria Journal 2012, 11:114 (13 April 2012) 17 pp. 939 kB: http://www.malariajournal.com/content/pdf/1475-2875-11-114.pdf Pregnant women are more susceptible to malaria than their non-pregnant counterparts. Less is known about the risk of malaria in the postpartum period. The results of this review have to be carefully interpreted, as the majority of studies were not designed to study postpartum malaria, and there was large variability in study designs and reported outcomes. Current evidence suggests an effort should be made to detect and radically cure malaria during pregnancy so that women do not enter the postpartum period with residual parasites. ***

A global map of dominant malaria vectors

by Marianne E Sinka, Michael J Bangs, Sylvie Manguin et al. Parasites & Vectors 2012, 5:69 (4 April 2012)

HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 13

25 pp. 6.8 MB: http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/pdf/1756-3305-5-69.pdf Global maps, in particular those based on vector distributions, have long been used to help visualise the global extent of malaria. Few, however, have been created with the support of a comprehensive and extensive evidence-based approach. Here the authors describe the generation of a global map of the dominant vector species (DVS) of malaria that makes use of predicted distribution maps for individual species or species complexes. ***

Value for Money in Malaria Programming: Issues and Opportunities

by Paul Wilson and Ya'ir Aizenman Center for Global Development Working Paper #291, April 2012 64 pp. 1.1 MB: http://www.cgdev.org/files/1426120_file_Wilson_Aizenman_Valuef orMoney_FINAL.pdf This paper examines opportunities for improved efficiency in malaria control, analyzing the effectiveness of interventions and current trends in spending. Overall, it appears that resources for malaria control are well spent - however, there remain areas for improved efficiency, including (i) improving procurement procedures for bed nets, (ii) developing efficient ways to replace bed nets as they wear out, (iii) reducing overlap of spraying and bed net programs, (iv) expanding the use of rapid diagnostics, and (v) scaling up intermittent presumptive treatment for pregnant women and infants. ***

Aidspan Review of a Study by Y. Akachi and R. Atun on the Effect of Investment in Malaria Control on Child Mortality
by David McCoy Aidspan, 19 September 2011 11 pp. 605 kB:
http://aidspan.org/documents/aidspan/aidspan-review-re-akachi-and-atun-on-malaria-2011-en.pdf

This document reviews a study by two Global Fund researchers on the impact of Global Fund grants for malaria prevention in sub-Saharan Africa. The review suggests that while the study provides some indication of the value and impact of investment in malaria control, there is a need to further debate the best way to approach performance and impact measurement of official development assistance for malaria control. ***

A Generic Risk Assessment Model for Insecticide-Treated Nets

Revised edition World Health Organization, Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2012 52 pp. 352 kB: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2012/9789241503419_eng.pdf

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This document provides a generic model that can be used for risk assessment of exposure to insecticides of individuals sleeping under insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) [including long-lasting insecticidal nets (LNs)], during washing of nets, and during the conventional treatment of nets with insecticide. The generic model does not include the risks associated with the manufacturing of LNs in a factory environment.

Tuberculosis Use of Spatial Information to Predict Multidrug Resistance in Tuberculosis Patients, Peru
by Hsien-Ho Lin, Sonya S. Shin, Carmen Contreras et al. Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol. 18, Nr. 5; May 2012 3 pp. 239 kB: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/18/5/pdfs/11-1467.pdf To determine whether spatiotemporal information could help predict multidrug resistance at the time of tuberculosis diagnosis, the authors investigated tuberculosis patients who underwent drug susceptibility testing in Lima, Peru, during 2005-2007. They found that crude representation of spatial location at the level of the health center improved prediction of multidrug resistance.

Other Infectious Diseases Global Report for Research on Infectious Diseases of Poverty
Editors Margaret Harris, Julie N Reza, Jo Woodhead et al. World Health Organization on behalf of the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, April 2012 184 pp. 2.5 MB: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2012/9789241564489_eng.pdf Infectious diseases remain major causes of ill health among poor people. Almost 3 billion people live on less than US$ 2 a day, and they continue to be at the greatest risk for these diseases. This Global Report is essential reading for health policy-makers, funders and research leaders. It includes important ideas for low and middle income countries trying to build a more prosperous and healthy future - both what they can do and what the global community can do to support this. ***

Treatment of Hepatitis C as Prevention: A Modeling Case Study in Vietnam

by Nicolas Durier, Chi Nguyen, Lisa J. White PLoS ONE 7(4): e34548 (12 April 2012) 10 pp. 1.1 MB:
http://www.plosone.org/article/fetchObjectAttachment.action;jsessionid=998917C16DE19F4A C4BC073E0A1FEC26?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0034548&representation=PDF

Treatment of hepatitis C (HCV) is very effective, achieving a cure in 50-90% of patients. HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 15

Besides its own good for individuals, this most likely translates in reduced transmission, but this phenomenon has yet to be fully explored. In this case study in Vietnam, the authors project that treatment of HCV for injecting drug users will have a preventative herd effect in addition to curing patients in need for therapy, achieving a substantial reduction in HCV transmission and prevalence.

Social Protection Cash transfer schemes and the health sector: making the case for greater involvement
by Ian Forde, Kumanan Rasanathan & Rdiger Krech Bulletin of the World Health Organization - Published online: 11 April 2012 20 pp. 71 kB: http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/11-097733.pdf Cash transfer schemes can be important contributors to human development and social protection. Although they have significant health benefits, they have rarely been considered an integral part of the health policy portfolio. The authors believe that a case can be made for greater health sector involvement in the design, implementation and evaluation of such schemes. ***

Provider payment in community-based health insurance schemes in developing countries: a systematic review
by Paul Jacob Robyn, Rainer Sauerborn and Till Brnighausen Health Policy and Planning 2012;1-12 - Advance Access: published April 19, 2012 12 pp. 332 kB: http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/04/18/heapol.czs034.full.pdf+html Community-based health insurance (CBI) schemes in developing countries have used a wide range of provider payment methods. The existing evidence suggests that payment methods are a key determinant of CBI performance and sustainability, but the strength of this evidence is limited since it is largely based on observational studies rather than on trials or on quasi-experimental research. ***

Appraising the Thailand Village Fund

by Jirawan Boonperm, Jonathan Haughton, Shahidur R. Khandker et al. The World Bank, Development Research Group, Agriculture and Rural Development Team, March 2012 51 pp. 2.2 MB: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/3286/WPS5998.pd f?sequence=1 The Thailand Village Fund is the second-largest microcredit scheme in the world. Nearly 80,000 elected local Village Fund committees administer loans that reach 30 percent of HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 16

all households. An economic analysis suggests that Village Fund benefits exceed the costs. Most Village Funds are social rather than financial intermediaries; they have little incentive to take risks or to innovate, which explains why Village Fund lending has not kept pace with the growth of the Thai economy.

Water, Sanitation & Hygiene UN-Water Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and DrinkingWater (GLAAS) 2012 Report
by Bruce Gordon, Mark Hoeke, Federico Properzi et al. UN-Water and the World Health Organization (WHO), April 2012 112 pp. 8.9 MB:
http://www.unwater.org/downloads/UN-Water_GLAAS_2012_Report.pdf

Despite improvements in access to water, sanitation and hygiene, the coverage of these services could fall behind if adequate resources are not secured, the report warns. It provides data for 74 developing countries, and stresses that these nations have a chronic lack of technicians and staff in place to operate and maintain sanitation and drinking water infrastructure. It calls for additional and more targeted resources to maintain routine operations of existing systems and services.

Human Resources Africas neglected area of human resources for health research - the way forward
by C IJsselmuiden, D L Marais, F Becerra-Posada et al. South African Medical Journal, Vol. 102, No. 4 (April 2012) 6 pp. 294 kB: http://www.samj.org.za/index.php/samj/article/download/5377/4010 Africas health research capacity has grown considerably, with potential to increase this growth. However, a systemic way of defining, co-ordinating and growing the human resources for health research (HRHR) needed to support health systems development is missing. Reviewing the status of HRHR in Africa, the authors assert that it consists of uncoordinated, small-scale activities, primarily driven from outside Africa. They present examples of ongoing HRHR capacity building initiatives in Africa.

Health Systems & Research Research and Development to Meet Health Needs in Developing Countries: Strengthening Global Financing and Coordination
by John-Arne Rttingen, Claudia Ins Chamas, Carlos Maria Correa et al. Report of the Consultative Expert Working Group on Research and Development: Financing and Coordination (CEWG), April 2012

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226 pp. 1.1 MB: http://www.who.int/phi/CEWG_Report_5_April_2012.pdf The CEWG was established with the objective set out in the Global Strategy and Plan of Action on Public Health, Innovation and Intellectual Property: to examine current financing and coordination of research and development, as well as proposals for new and innovative sources of financing to stimulate research and development related to Type II and Type III diseases and the specific research and development needs of developing countries in relation to Type I diseases. ***

A literature review of the disruptive effects of user fee exemption policies on health systems
by Valry Ridde, Emilie Robert and Bruno Meessen BMC Public Health 2012, 12:289 (20 April 2012) 15 pp. 300 kB: http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-12-289.pdf Several low- and middle-income countries have exempted patients from user fees in certain categories of population or of services. These exemptions are very effective in lifting part of the financial barrier to access to services, but they have been organized within unstable health systems where there are sometimes numerous dysfunctions. The objective of this article is to bring to light the disruptions triggered by exemption policies in health systems of low- and middle-income countries. ***

Need to reform the remuneration system to initiate a system approach to the health sector in resource-poor countries
by Stefan Hanson Tropical Medicine & International Health; Article first published online: 5 April 2012 3 pp. 43 kB: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.13653156.2012.02979.x/pdf Human resources are the most important factor for the function of health systems. Health workers need to be fairly remunerated, but current remuneration systems in lowand middle-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa are often unfair. They are to a large extent based on allowances and per diems from disease-specific programmes. They distort the function of the entire system and need to be reformed. This reform has to be part of a shift to a wider system approach to the health sector in many countries. Ho wever, such policy change is resisted by those with strong vested interests in current systems. ***

The Imperative to Share Clinical Study Reports: Recommendations from the Tamiflu Experience
by Peter Doshi, Tom Jefferson, Chris Del Mar HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 18

PLoS Med 9(4): e1001201 (10 April 2012) 6 pp. 106 kB: http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/fetchObjectAttachment.action?uri=info%3Adoi %2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1001201&representation=PDF Systematic reviews of published randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard source of synthesized evidence for interventions, but their conclusions are vulnerable to distortion when trial sponsors have strong interests that might benefit from suppressing or promoting selected data. Unfortunately, industry and regulators have historically treated clinical study reports as confidential documents, impeding additional scrutiny by independent researchers. The authors challenge industry to either provide open access to clinical study reports or publically defend their current position of RCT data secrecy. ***

Epidemiology, epigenetics and the Gloomy Prospect: embracing randomness in population health research and practice
by George Davey Smith Int. J. Epidemiol. (2011) 40 (3): 537-562 26 pp. 1.1 MB: http://ije.oxfordjournals.org/content/40/3/537.full.pdf+html Epidemiology is concerned with the identification of modifiable causes of disease, which is often a prerequisite for the application of epidemiological findings in public health programmes, health service planning and clinical medicine. Despite many successes, even with respect to the most celebrated - such as the identification of cigarette smoking as a major cause of lung cancer and other chronic diseases - it can appear that much remains to be done. ***

Influencing policy change: the experience of health think tanks in low- and middle-income countries
by Sara Bennett, Adrijana Corluka, Jane Doherty et al. Health Policy Plan. (May 2012) 27 (3): 194-203 10 pp. 110 kB:
http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/27/3/194.full.pdf#page=1&view=FitH

This study aimed to: (i) investigate the contribution made by health policy analysis institutes in low- and middle-income countries to health policy agenda setting, formulation, implementation and monitoring and evaluation; and (ii) assess which factors, including organizational form and structure, support the role of health policy analysis institutes in low- and middle-income countries in terms of positively contributing to health policy.

Information & Communication Technology Policy guidelines for the development and promotion of open access
by Alma Swan United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), April 2012 HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 19

78 pp. 1.4 MB: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0021/002158/215863e.pdf Through Open Access, researchers and students from around the world gain increased access to knowledge, publications receive greater visibility and readership, and the potential impact of research is heightened. Increased access to, and sharing of knowledge leads to opportunities for equitable economic and social development, intercultural dialogue, and has the potential to spark innovation. UNESCO has released this new publication to demystify the concept of Open Access and provide concrete steps on putting relevant policies in place. ***

The Evolving Roles of the Medical Journal

200th Anniversary Article by Scott H. Podolsky, Jeremy A. Greene and David S. Jones N Engl J Med 2012; 366:1457-1461; April 19, 2012 5 pp. 775 kB: http://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMp1113567 The history of The New England Journal of Medicine provides a window on the changing functions of both medical journals and the medical profession. Journals dont simply disseminate new knowledge about medical theory and practice. They also define the scope of medical concerns and articulate norms for physicians professional and social roles. Simultaneously, they work to preserve their reputation, financial stability, and editorial independence in a constantly changing publishing environment, amid an avalanche of medical information. ***

mHealth in Ethiopia: Strategies for a New Framework

Vital Wave Consulting, October 2011 66 pp. 4.1 MB: http://www.healthunbound.org/sites/default/files/mHealth%20Fram ework%20for%20Ethiopia%202011.pdf This study highlights the areas in which mHealth interventions could make a difference in not only the performance of Ethiopias Health Extension Workers, but also on the health outcomes of millions of Ethiopian people. It also identifies some of the key attributes and requirements of successful interventions, as well as the elements of the larger environment and ecosystem that need to be in place to support them. The document is intended to serve as a model for other countries considering national mobile health strategies. ***

The role of information communication technology (ICT) towards universal health coverage: the first steps of a telemedicine project in Ethiopia
by Fassil Shiferaw and Maria Zolfo Glob Health Action 2012, 5: 15638 (2 April 2012) 8 pp. 1.2 MB:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3318899/pdf/GHA-5-15638.pdf

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This paper analyzes the challenges, failures and successes encountered in setting-up and implementing a telemedicine program in Ethiopia and provides possible recommendations for developing telemedicine strategies in countries with limited resources. The authors conclude that telemedicine is still in a premature phase of development in Ethiopia and other sub-Saharan African countries, and it remains difficult to talk objectively about measurable impact of its use, even though it has demonstrated practical applicability beyond reasonable doubts.

Education Education in South Sudan: Investing in a Better Future

by Gordon Brown and Kevin Watkins High Level Panel on Global Education, 2012 46 pp. 1.9 MB: http://allafrica.com/download/resource/main/main/idatcs/00031368: 9c728e9f6092319f730b1961817520fc.pdf A report from the office of Gordon and Sarah Brown argues that South Sudan, with the lowest proportion of children out of school than any other country, provides an ideal opportunity to showcase the rapid progress that can be made towards the international development goals in education. ***

The Negative Consequences of Overambitious Curricula in Developing Countries

by Lant Pritchett and Amanda Beatty Center for Global Development Working Paper #293, April 2012 57 pp. 1.2 MB: http://www.cgdev.org/files/1426129_file_Pritchett_Beatty_Overambitious_FINAL.pdf The authors argue that many education systems are attempting to push children through curricular material faster than their teachers can teach it and their students can learn it. Students fall behind and eventually stop learning. The authors provide a formal model of this phenomenon and provide empirical evidence on its implications.

Harm Reduction and Drug Use The tobacco industrys past role in weight control related to smoking
by Semira Gonseth, Isabelle Jacot-Sadowski, Pascal A. Diethelm et al. Eur J Public Health (2012) 22 (2): 234-237; First published online: April 7, 2011 4 pp. 88 kB: http://eurpub.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/2/234.full.pdf+html Smoking is thought to produce an appetite-suppressing effect by many smokers. Thus, the fear of body weight gain often outweighs the perception of health benefits associated with smoking cessation, particularly in adolescents. The authors examined whether HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 21

the tobacco industry played a role in appetite and body weight control related to smoking and smoking cessation. They conclude that tobacco companies played an active and not disclaimed role in the anti-appetite effects of smoking, at least in the past, by adding appetite-suppressant molecules into their cigarettes. ***

Incentives for Life: Cash-on-Delivery Aid for Tobacco Control in Developing Countries
by Thomas J. Bollyky and Amanda Glassman Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), April 2012 19 pp. 165 kB: http://www.cgdev.org/files/1426117_file_Bollyky_Glassman_TobaccoReport.pdf In this report the authors propose applying Cash-on-Delivery (COD) Aid as a new incentive mechanism for tobacco control in low- and middle-income countries. The authors discuss identifying the right indicator of progress, country, reward, and funders for such a model, as well as a potential COD Aid pilot project in Uttar Pradesh, India.

Millennium Development Goals 1,000 Days: An end and a new beginning

by Amy Pollard Catholic Agency for Overseas Development (CAFOD) April 2012 16 pp. 1.5 MB: http://neo-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/news/Final-PDF-1000daysdocument.pdf The start of the consultation process for a framework past the 2015 deadline of the Millennium Development Goals is approaching, but the United Nations, which every country expects to spearhead such action, seems to be in disarray. This report says the global body does not even have half the needed funds to complete the consultations. In addition, U.N. coordinators were being left to decide for themselves who they should include in the process. Worse, the poorest people might not even get to have a voice in the consultations - which CAFOD calls a must if the world wants to meet success with the post-MDG framework. ***

Advancing the global development agenda post-2015: some practical suggestions

by Jan Vandemoortele Co-architect of the MDGs; formerly with UNICEF and UNDP Brussels, Belgium, April 2012 31 pp. 201 kB:
http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/untaskteam_undf/desa_post2015paper_jv.pdf

Most stakeholders want a global agenda post-2015. The question is who should develop it and what should its architecture look like. The main proposition of this paper is to define the process first and discuss contents later. One single process must be put in HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 22

place and the UN must lead it. The process that was followed for creating the MDGs should not be repeated.

Development Assistance More Dollars than Sense: Refining Our Knowledge of Development Finance Using AidData
by Michael J. Tierney, Daniel L. Nielson, Darren G. Hawkins et al. World Development, Vol. 39, No. 11, pp. 1891-1906, 2011 16 pp. 731 kB: http://www.aiddata.org/weceem_uploads/_ROOT/File/MoreDollarsT hanSenseNovember2011.pdf Since 1945, wealthier countries have allocated more than US$ 4.9 trillion to developing nations for the nominal purpose of lifting the worlds poor out of poverty. Yet the roughly one million official development projects and activities over 66 years have bought little certainty about the scope, purposes, or effects of development finance. The authors introduce a new dataset of foreign assistance, AidData, that covers more bilateral and multilateral donors and more types of aid than existing datasets while also improving project-level information about the purposes and activities funded by aid. ***

Private Funding: An Emerging Trend in Humanitarian Donorship

by Velina Stoianova Global Humanitarian Assistance (GHA) Programme, April 2012 20 pp. 2.3 MB: http://www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org/wpcontent/uploads/2012/04/Private-funding-an-emerging-trend.pdf Private donors have become increasingly important to the international humanitarian community, according to this new report that examines trends in private voluntary giving in recent years. ***

The Global Financial Crisis: The Beginning of the End of the Development Agenda?
by Nancy Birdsall Center for Global Development, February 2012 25 pp. 504 kB: http://www.cgdev.org/files/1426133_file_Birdsall_financial_crisis_FINAL.pdf In this paper the author discusses two themes. The first is the pre-crisis subtle shift in the prevailing model of capitalism in developing countries - away from orthodoxy or socalled market fundamentalism - that the crisis is likely to reinforce. The second theme is better framed as a question than a prediction: will the financial crisis, which is likely to be remembered as marking the end of Western economic dominance, be a trigger for a new twenty-first-century approach to collective action on global problems? HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 23

The Aid Effectiveness Agenda: The benefits of going ahead - A commentary on the final report
by Annalisa Prizzon and Romilly Greenhill ODI Discussion papers, April 2012 22 pp. 651 kB: http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/docs/7623.pdf The report, The Aid Effectiveness Agenda: The benefits of going ahead (see: HESPNews & Notes 01/2012), estimates the monetary gains deriving from the implementation of the Paris Declaration (PD) and the Accra Agenda for Action (AAA) by the EU and EU member states. The aim is to help donor agencies to weigh the costs and benefits of implementing this agenda. This short note presents the key findings of the study and provides a commentary on the methodology used. ***

Australian Multilateral Assessment

Commonwealth of Australia, March 2012 349 pp. 3.8 MB: http://www.ausaid.gov.au/partner/pdf/ama/ama-full-report.pdf The Australian Multilateral Assessment (AMA) looked at the effectiveness of 42 multilateral organisations, including United Nations agencies and global and regional development banks funded through the Australian aid program. Around 40 per cent of Australias aid budget is currently delivered through multilateral organisations. The AMA found that for 29 of the 42 organisations assessed, the Australian Gover nment could have a high degree of confidence that increases in funding represent value for money.

Others Surgery in Africa Monthly Reviews: Hypoxia in Surgical Patients

by Alexis Riddell, Andrew J Jackson, David R Ball et al. Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC), April 2012 21 pp. 215 kB: http://www.ptolemy.ca/members/current/Hypoxia%20April/hypoxia4.pdf This article discusses basic physiology of oxygen delivery, pathophysiology and mechanisms of hypoxia, the most common causes of hypoxia in surgical patients and princ iples of management. Hypoxia is one of the most common post-operative complications but often not recognised because it is not looked for, e.g. post-operative confusion can often be secondary to hypoxia. Patients who are critically ill usually have increased oxygen demands; oxygen delivery is therefore fundamental to managing sick patients. ***

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Dementia: A public health priority

by Shekhar Saxena , Marc Wortmann, Daisy Acosta et al. World Health Organization and Alzheimers Disease International, 2012 112 pp. 4.9 MB: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2012/9789241564458_eng.pdf Dementia is a syndrome that affects memory, thinking, behaviour and ability to perform everyday activities. The number of people living with dementia worldwide is currently estimated at 35.6 million. This number will double by 2030 and more than triple by 2050. Dementia is overwhelming not only for the people who have it, but also for their caregivers and families. The purpose of this report is to raise awareness of dementia as a public health priority, to articulate a public health approach and to advocate for action at international and national levels. ***

Advocating for Road Safety and Road Traffic Injury Victims

A Guide for Nongovernmental Organizations by Laura Sminkey, Elena Altieri, Saul Billingsley et al. World Health Organization (WHO) and Global Alliance of NGOs for Road Safety, April 2012 34 pp. 1.6 MB: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2012/9789241503327_eng.pdf This guide is an attempt to define more clearly the role of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in the advocacy arena. It is especially targeted towards organizations which operate with limited resources. It is hoped that the guide will be a useful tool for NGOs in advocating on behalf of road safety and road traffic injury victims. The guide offers ideas for the types of initiatives NGOs might conduct, with a series of related checklists, and case studies from around the world. It also offers links to a range of useful web sites.

ELECTRONIC RESOURCES
World Bank Announces Open Access Policy for Research and Knowledge
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/ The World Bank announced that it will implement a new Open Access policy for its research outputs and knowledge products, effective July 1, 2012. The new policy builds on recent efforts to increase access to information at the World Bank and to make its research as widely available as possible. As the first phase of this policy, the Bank launched a new Open Knowledge Repository (see above URL) and adopted a set of Creative Commons copyright licenses. Now anybody is free to use, reuse and redistribute most of the Banks knowledge products and research outputs for commercial or non-commercial purposes. ***

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World Bank DataFinder Mobile Apps

http://data.worldbank.org/apps Access over 50 years of World Bank global development indicators on your mobile device with the new DataFinder application: Charts and Maps: visually compare countries and indicators Advanced Queries: create, edit and save custom tables Social: share what you create on Twitter and Facebook Current data: pulled directly from the World Bank API Multilingual: work in English, French, Spanish, Chinese Cross platform: available on Android, Blackberry, iPhone and iPad ***

Investing in Women & Girls - An Independent Supplement from Mediaplanet to USA Today
USA Today, No.4, 23 March 2012 16 pp. 6.2 MB: http://doc.mediaplanet.com/all_projects/9605.pdf On March 23, USA Today launched a special report, Investing in Women and Girls, featuring the voices of global leaders on health, gender equality, violence, and other pressing challenges facing women and girls today. From the contents: Carrying the weight of a global crisis: Find out why the impact of the water and sanitation crisis falls on the shoulders of women and girls Secretary Hillary Clinton reflects on women, peace and security Encouraging education: Todays girls are tomorrows leaders ***

Global Journal of Medicine and Public Health - Vol. 1(1) Jan-Feb 2012
http://www.gjmedph.org/Current.aspx The Global Journal of Medicine and Public Health is a peer reviewed, open access journal, with an international editorial board. GJMEDPH commits to rapid publication of articles in all fields of Medicine and Public Health. The types of article accepted include original manuscripts, review articles, case reports, and letters to the editor. Emphasizing evidence-based disease prevention and control, its scope also includes social and environmental approaches to public health. ***

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries - Vol. 6, No. 04: April 2012
The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries has just published its latest issue at http://www.jidc.org/index.php/journal. They invite you to read the Table of Contents and then visit their web site to read articles and items of interest. ***

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The Consolidation Programme Health / Policy Analysis & Formulation in the Health Sector (PAF) in Indonesia
Video film - 22 minutes:
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xq2ku5_final-presentation-of-the-consolidationprogramme-health-a-farewell-to-more-than-10-years-of-german_school

Final Presentation of the Consolidation Programme Health - A farewell to more than 10 years of German support to the health sector in Indonesia. This presentation uses narr ation combined with stage props and audio-visual material to give an overview of the context, time frame, achievements and challenges of more than a decade of German su pport to the health sector in Indonesia.

INTERESTING WEB SITES

The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative
http://www.unicef.org/programme/breastfeeding/baby.htm Hospitals and maternity units set a powerful example for new mothers. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI), launched in 1991, is an effort by UNICEF and the World Health Organization to ensure that all maternities, whether free standing or in a hospital, become centers of breastfeeding support.

TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES
M.A. Programme Health and Society in South Asia
Heidelberg University, Germany The Master of Arts Health and Society in South Asia (MAHASSA) is a twoyear degree with a focus on Medical Anthropology and South Asian Studies. It allows students to integrate South Asian languages, geography, politics, etc. into their plan of study. Most students base their Masters Thesis on field research conducted in South Asia. The language of instruction is English. Application deadline: June 15th for international students, German students can enroll until the start of the winter semester. For more information see: http://www.sai.uni-heidelberg.de/ethno/mahassa/ or mailto:mahassa@uni-heidelberg.de ***

Health and Human Rights

18 - 29 June, 2012 University Hospital Heidelberg, Institute of Public Health, Germany This course covers the general concepts and principles of human rights, their relationship to, and impact within the health sector. The course will use case studies from numerous countries, with a focus on low and middle-income countries, and the experiences of those within the course, to examine the vital role of HESP-News & Notes - 09/2012 - page 27

human rights within the health sector. Participants will have the opportunity to practice incorporating human rights into policies, strategies, monitoring and evaluation. For more information and a registration form see: http://www.klinikum.uni-heidelberg.de/?id=108377 ***

Master of Science in Tropical Medicine

Start: June 2012 Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand Course Content: Clinical tropical medicine, clinical pharmacology, epidemiology, microbiology, immunology, nutritional epidemiology, biochemical nutrition, nutritional toxicology, tropical pathology, radiological science, social medicine, environmental health (selection). Language: English; Fees: US$ 7,000/year Entry Requirements: BSc, MSc, MD, DVM, DDS, MBBS, English language proficiency For more information contact: Tel.: +66-2354-9149 Fax: +66-2354-9150 mailto:tmedu@diamond.mahidol.ac.th or see: http://www.tm.mahidol.ac.th/en/academic/msc/msc_course_name.htm For more courses and conferences see also: www.goinginternational.eu/en/online-datenbank/ ***

Rational Management of Medicines: A focus on HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria

14 - 26 October 2012 Pretoria, South Africa Objectives: To enable health professionals to understand and apply the concepts and principles of essential medicines and rational medicine management with a focus on the diseases of poverty HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis; to recognise the need for a national and international medicine policy environment; to improve knowledge and skills and to gain practical field experience for rational medicine management within different health system contexts. Target group: Health professionals and managers with experience (at least two years) in international health and the pharmaceutical sector. For more information and an application form see: http://www.swisstph.ch/teaching/professional-postgraduate/rational-management-ofmedicines.html?0= ***

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CONFERENCES
ICT4Health Conference
ICT4Health enabling National Health Insurance 12-13 September 2012; MRC Conference Centre, Cape Town, South Africa This conference brings together leaders in government, academia, industry, private sector, providers and non-profit organizations from across the ecosystem to advance collaboration in the use of information and communication technologies in healthcare. The theme of this meeting will look at how we can synergise efforts to enable a National Health Insurance using ICT4Health with a focus on the following thematic areas: Telemedicine Mobile Health Consumer Health Informatics (Health Promotion) Health Informatics ICT-enabled Medical Devices For more information see: http://www.ict4health.org.za/Home/

CARTOON

TIPS & TRICKS

Sticky Notes feature in Windows 7
Do you have something you need to be reminded of? What about your grocery list? Do you like to keep adding items to it throughout the week? Sounds like you need sticky notes! Just type Sticky Notes into your Windows 7 Search Box (located above your Start button) and hit Enter. The Sticky Notes gadget will open up.

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Now just type your list, note, message or limerick in and you have got yourself an instant desktop resident reminder! You can even change the colour by right-clicking. To add another Sticky Note, just click the plus sign. ***

iPad Multi-Touch Gestures

Even though PC users have their shortcuts and keyboard tricks, iPad user should not feel left out - there are plenty of secrets around every corner. Today you learn about some of the multi-touch hand gestures Apple included in their latest iOS version. First, place four or five fingertips on your iPad screen. Now try this: Pinch together to back out to the home screen. Swipe left or right to switch to another open programme. Swipe up to reveal the multi-tasking bar

Note: If multi-touch gestures dont appear to be working for you, make sure you are 1. Updated to iOS 5 on your iPad, and 2. Multi-touch gestures are enabled in your settings panel.

Best regards, Dieter Neuvians MD

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