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Latissimus Dorsi
Levator Scapulae
Origin Supr nuchal line, ext occip protrub, spinous processes C7 & all T-vert, lig nuchae/ supraspinous lig in T-Vert T6-all lumbar spinous processes, thoracolumbar fascia, sacrum, iliac crest Post tubercles of transverse processes C1C4 Lig nuchae, spinous process of C7&T1 Supraspinous lig, T2-T5 spinous process Upper 8 or 9 ribs anteriorly, anterolateral
Action Innervation elevation Spinal FC: depression Accessory upward rotation retraction
Medial lip of bicipital groove and twists as it attaches here. Inf. ang of scap
Rhomboid Min
Rhomboid Maj
Serratus Anterior
Adducts arm, extends arm, arm IR, slight downward rotation when arm not moving Sup angle of Elevates scap, scap, spine of assists in scap, upper vert downward rot. border (grabs of scap sup angle) Medial border #1 Retracts at base of spine scap of scap FC: elevation & downward rotation Medial border #1 Retracts of scap from scap spine of scap to FC: elevation inf. < & downward rotation Upper 4 slips: #1 Scapular medial border protraction of scap from FC: base of spine to Depression & inferior < upward rotation Lower 5 slips: ant surface of inf < of scap
Thoracodorsal
Cervical plexus primary ventral rami C3, C$, C5 dorsal scap & transverse cervical
Long thoracic
Deltoid
Subscapularis
Subscapular fossa
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Teres Major
Triceps Brachii
Anconeus
Crest of lesser tubercle & lesser tubercle of humerus Supraspinous Superior facet fossa of scap of greater tubercle of humerus Infraspinous Middle facet of fossa greater tubercle of humerus Inferior < of Inf facet of lateral border of greater tubercle scap Inferior third of Medial lip of lateral border of bicipital groove scap Long Head: Triceps tendon infraglenoid into the tubercle of scap olecranon Lateral Head: Post surf of humerus, supr to radial groove Medial Head: Post surf of humerus, inf to radial groove Lateral Lateral surface epicondyle of of olecranon, humerus proximal portion of ulna
#1 arm abduction Ant: arm flex & some IR Post: ext & some ER Arm IR, seats head of humerus
U & L subscap
Arm abduction, Suprascapular seats head of humerus Arm ER; seats head of humerus Arm ER, seats head of humerus Arm IR and adduction Extension Suprascapular
Axillary
Radial
Pec Major
Clavicular Part: medial third of clavicle Sternocostal Part: Manubrium and body of sternum, ant surface of 1st 6
Adduction, IR, Clavicular portion helps w/ shoulder flex & horiz add
Lateral & Medial pectoral nerves (chords) Lateral = C5, C6, C7 Medial = C8, T1
Pec Minor
costal cartlidges ant surface of Medial surface ribs 2-6 of coracoid process
Subclavius
Coracobrachiali Lateral surface s of tip of coracoid process Biceps Brachii Long Head: supra glenoid tubercle Short Head: Tip of coracoid process Muscle Brachialis Origin Deep to biceps, distal half to 2/3 on shaft of humerus Ant tubercles of transverse processes of C3-C6
Medial surface at midpoint of humerus Radial tuberosity (by way of laccertus fibrosus aka: biceps apn Insertion Ulnar tuberosity
Assists w/ downward rot, depression; pulls tips of scap inferomedially Stabilizes SC joint, involved in rotation of clavicle Flexion in diagonal plane
Medial pectoral
Nerve to subclavius
Musculocutane ous
Musculocutane ous
Anterior Scalene
Middle Scalene
Internal Ab Oblique
Rectus Abdominis
Transverse Abdominis
Flexion of trunk, brings R. shoulder to L. hip or vice versa Iliac crest, Lower 3-4 ribs, Flex trunk and thoracolumbar rectus sheath rotates trunk to fascia (fibers same side run as if putting flexing hand in back pocket Pubic crest Lower ribs, Trunk flexor, xiphoid process draws ribcage to pelvis or vice versa Iliac crest, Rectus sheath Compression thoracolumbar of abdominal fascia & cavity inguinal lig BIG TRUNK STABILIZER
IN THE NECK: Inf 1/3 of the lig nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T3
SPLENIUS Lateral portion of sup nuchal line to mastoid process Bilateral: extends cervical spine & head Unilateral: flexes & rotates head to same side Same as above Spinal n C1-6 (post rami, lateral branches)
Splenius cervicis
SUPERFICIA L LAYER
Same as above
SPINAE
Iliocostalis cervicis
Iliocostalis thoracis
Post surface of sacrum, sacrotuberous lig, post portion of iliac crest, spinous processes T11L5 Same as above
Iliocostalis lumborum
Same as above
Longissimus capitus
Longissimus cervicis
From tendons of insertion of the long. cervicis & articular processes (costal elements) of C4-7 Rib & adjacent transverse processes of T1-T4 or 6
From angle of lower 6 ribs into angle of upper 6 ribs From common origin into angle of lowest 6 ribs Mastoid process
Same as above
Same as above
Bilateral: extends head Unilateral: flexes & rotates head to same side
Bilateral: extends spine Unilateral: bends spine laterally to same side Same as above
Longissimus thoracis
Spinalis thoracis
Spinous processes, lateral surfaces T10-L3 BACK: Transverse processes of T1-6 vert & articular processes of C5-7
Spinous processes, lateral surfaces T2-T8 TRANSVERS OSP Base of the skull, b/w sup and inf nuchal line
Bilateral: extends cervical & thoracic spine Unilateral: bends cervical & thoracic spine to same side Same as above
INAL MUSCLE Bilateral: extends thoracic & cervical spine & head Unilateral: bends head, cervical & thoracic spines to same side, rotates to opposite side Same as above
SYSTEM
Same as above
Bilateral: Extends spine Unilateral:flexe s spine to same side, rotates to opposite side
Sacral
Lumbar Thoracic & Cervical Levator costarum (muscle spans 2-4 segments)
Deep to common origin of erector spinae Deep to lumbar portion Deep to semispinalis Transverse process
Rib
Bilateral: Extends spine Unilateral: bends thoracic spine to same side, rotates to opposite side
DEEPEST LAYER OF Interspinalis cervicis (b/w consecutive spinous processes) Interspinalis lumborum
BACK: C1-C7 (b/w spinous processes of adjacent vert) L1-L5 (b/w spinous processes of adjacent vert)
SEGMENTAL S/
PINALIS
Bilateral: stabilizes & extends cervical & lumbar spine Unilateral:bend s cervical & lumbar spines laterally to same side C2-C7 ( (b/w ant tubercles of adjacent vert) Primary ventral rami
Anterior cervicis
Posterior cervicis
Medialis lumborum
Laterales lumborum
C2-C7 (b/w post tubercles of adjacent vert) L1-L5 (b/w mamillary processes of adj vert) L1-L5 (b/w transverse processes of adj vert) Bilateral: extends thoracic spine Unilateral: rotates spine to opposite side From transverse process of 1 vert, skip 1 vert segment Transverse process of 1 vert Base of spinous process
Rotatores longi
Dorsal rami
Rotatores brevis
SUBOCCIPI TAL DEEPEST MUSCLE Rectus capitus posterior major Rectus capitus posterior minor
Base of spinous process of the next, sup, adj vert MUSCLES: (EXTENSOR S) LAYER: SEGMENTAL : Spinous Occipital bone, process of C2 just lateral to the midline Post tubercle of Occiptal bone, C1 just medial to RCP major. Closer to the midline
CERVICAL
Spinous process of C2
Occiptal bone, deep to insertions of splenius and semispinalis capitus Post aspect of transverse process of C1
PREVERTEB RAL CERVICAL REGION Longus colli (C1-T3 vertebral levels) Longus capitus (overlaps longus colli) SCALENES Anterior Middle Posterior LUMBAR REGION ILIOPSOAS Psoas Major
MUSCLES FLEXORS Ant surface of Ant tubercles vertebral bodies of transverse process Ant tubercles Inf surface of of C3-6 basilar portion transverse of occipital processes bone Flexes & variably rotates neck Flexes head Primary ventral rami C2-7 Primary ventral rami C1-3
Iiacus
Superficial: T12-L4 & associated IV disks (lateral surfaces) Deep: L1-L5 vert (transverse processes) Iliac fossa
Lesser trochanter
Lesser trochanter
Quadratus lumborum
Iliolumbar lig Lateral trunk Primary ventral & internal lip of flexion, rami (T12-L4) ilac crest stabilizes pelvis in gait, hip hike
Middle Scalene
Posterior Scalene
Same
same
Sternocleidoma stoid
Mastoid Unilateral: tilts process of skull head to same side, rotates head to opposite side Bilateral: extends head; aids in respiration when head fixed
Diaphragm
INFRAHYOI DS Sternohyoid
Sternal: sternum Costal: costal cartilages ribs 7-9 Lumbar: L1,2,3 (crus of diaphragm) Quadratus lumbroum, psoas major STRAP MUSCLES Manubrium of sterum on post surface Scapula (just medial to scap notch) Manubrium (posterior surface) Thyroid cartilage
Phrenic
hyoid
Omohyoid
Hyoid
Sternothyroid (deeper)
Thyroid cartilage
Thyrohyoid
Hyoid bone
Depresses hyoid, terminal phase of swallowing Depresses hyoid, terminal phase of swallowing Depresses hyoid, terminal phase of swallowing Depresses and fixes hyoid, raises larynx during swallowing
Ansa cervicalis
Ansa cervialis
Ansa cericalis
Ansa cervicalis
SUPRAHYOI DS Digastrics
Mylohyoid
Anterior belly: mandible Post Belly: Mastoid notch on temporal bone Mylohyoid line of mandible
Trigeminal
Stylohyoid
Styloid process
Hyoid
Facial
Superior: greater wing of sphenoid Inferior: lateral pterygoid plate (lateral surface)
Medial Pterygoid
Masseter
Superficial and Deep attach to zygomatic arch & zygomatic process of maxilla Temporal fossa
Temporalis
Pterygoid tuberosity on medial surface of mandibular angle Superficial: external mandibular angle Deep: Superior ramus of mandible Coronoid process of mandible
Sup: pulls disc forward during jaw closing Inf: depresses jaw, protrudes mandible, unilaterally deviates jaw to opposite side Elevates mandible, protrudes, deviates jaw to opposite side Elevates and protrudes mandible
Trigeminal
trigeminal
trigeminal
Vertical Fibers: elevate mandible Horizontal: retrusion Unilateral: lateral excursion of mandible
Trigeminal
Humeral Head: proximal to med epi Ulnar Head: coronoid process SUPERFICIA POSTERIOR L Extensor carpi Lat hum epi radialis brevis (part of common ext mass and share common extendor tendon coming from lat humeral condyle)
Wrist ext, radial Radial dev (to test muscle by itself), plays small roll in elbow flex Pronation of Median forearm; weak elbow flex
Extensor digitorum
Muscular slip from ext digitorum Humeral Head: common ext mas (lat epi) Ulnar Head: post aspect of ulna POSTERIOR Lat hum epi; sup crest annular lig Dorsal surf of radius, ulna, interosseous membrane Dorsal surface of midshaft on ulna, IO memb
Primarily ext MP 2-5, ext IP 2-5, secondary action: wrist ext, finger abd due to relation w/ ext mechanism (aka extensor hood) Ext of MP 5 and IP 5 Wrist ext & ulnar dev
Deep radial
Deep radial
Deep radial
COMPARTM ENT Prox anterolateral portion of radius Ventral surface of base 1st MC Dorsal surf distal phalanx, thumb via ext mech Dorsal surface prox phalnx of thumb via ext mech
Supinator
Deep radial
Deep radial
Ext of MP jt
Deep radial
Extensor indicis
Ext mech
Deep radial
Insertion COMPARTM ENT Common flexor Base of 2nd mass/tendon; metacarpal med hum epi (ventral) Med hum epi Palmar apneuorosis
Innervation
Median
Humeral Head: med hum epi (CFT) Ulnar Head: proximal ulna
Weak wrist Median flex, effect on thumb pulling it into abd Wrist flexion, Ulnar ulnar deviation
ligaments) piso hamate lig, piso MC lig ANTERIOR COMPARTM ENT Humeral Middle phalanx Flex of PIP Head: med epi of digits 2-5 Some wrist flex Ulnar: base of cornoid process (proximal portion) Radial Head: proximal to mid 1/3 radius ANTERIOR COMPARTM ENT Middle 1/3 of Distal phalanx Flex of IP radius and IO of thumb thumb, membrane Flex MP jt Middle prox Base of distal Flex DIP assist portion of ulna phalanx 2-5 MP, wrist flex and IO membrane
Median
Median- ant IO nerve Ant IO: lateral two heads Ulnar: medial two heads
Pronator Quadratus THENAR MASS Abductor Pollicis Brevis Flexor Pollicis Brevis
Opponens Pollicis
Flexor retinaculum & trapezium Superficial Head: retinaculum/ trapezium Deep Head: deep floor of carpal tunnel Flex retinac/ trapezium
Proximal Thumb abd phalnx (radial side) Proximal Thumb flexion phalnx of thumb in line to pull thumb into flexion
Median
Thumb opposition
Median
ORIGIN Transverse head: shaft of 3rd MC Oblique head: base of MC 1, 2, 3 & floor of carpal canal (short muscles of 5th digit) Pisiform
NERVE Ulnar
Base of Abd of 5th proximal digit phalnx on ulnar side Base of 5th Flexes 5th digit proximal phalnx on ulnar side just a lil more proximal Opposition Shaft of 5th MC
Ulnar
Ulnar
Ulnar
From tendons of FDP #1from radial side of tendons to the index finger #2- from radial side of tendon to the middle finger #3- from both FDP tendons
#1- ulnar surface, shaft of 2nd MC #2 & #3Radial surface, shaft of 4th &
5th MCs From adjacent sides of adjacent MCs #1: from adjacent sides of mets 1&2 #2: from adjacent sides of mets 2&3 #3: from adjacent sides of mets 3&4 #4: from adjacent sides of mets 4&5
Possibly into DAB- abd of the base of digits 2, 3 & 4 proximal phalnx of respective digit, extensor expansion of respective digits