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Chap ter

Description

Page

Overview 1.1 History 1.1.1 GSM 1.1.2 IS-136 1.2 Two 1991 GSM mobile phone with several AC adapters 1.3 Personal Handy-phone System mobiles and modems 3 3 6 13 14

Definition 2.1 Definition of 2G 15

2:2 The Basics of Cellular Technology and the Use of the 16 Radio Spectrum.

2G technology 3:1 2G technology 3:2 2G technology capacity 3:3 Advantages 3:4 Disadvantages 3:5 How 2G Technology work 19 20 21 22 24

GSM 4.1 Technical detail 4.2 GSM carrier frequencies 4.3 Voice codecs 4.4 Network Structure 4.5 Subscriber identify module (SIM) 4.6 Phone Locking 4.7 GSM service security 4.8 GSM open source software

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New Developments In 2G Technologies 5.1 2.5G (GPRS) 5.2 2.75G (GPRS) 5.3 Disadvantages Of 2G Technologies 5.4 Advantages Of 2G Technology 5.5 Supporting 3G Networks With 2G Technologies 5.6 EVOLUTION 5.7 Comparing 2G And 3G Technology

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Standard and technology 6.1 Standard 6.2 6.3 Technologies Characteristics and specification 54 56

6.3.1

Notable Characteristics

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6.3.2 2G concept

Acknowledge Reference

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Generation Definitio Throughp Technology Time period Features (1G,2G,3G,4G, n ut/ 5G) Speed 1G Analog 14.4 Kbps AMPS,NMT,TA 1970 1980 During 1G Wireless (peak) CS phones are used forvoice only. 2G Digital 9.6/14.4 TDMA,CDMA 1990 to 2000 2G capabilities are Narrow Kbps achieved by band allowingmultiple users circuit on a single channel via data multiplexing.During 2G Cellular phones are used for data also along with voice. 2.5G Packet 171.2 GPRS 2001-2004 In 2.5G Data Kbps(peak) theinternetbecomes 20-40 popular and data Kbps becomes more relevant.2.5GMultimed ia servicesand streaming starts to show growth.Phones start supportingweb browsingthough limited and very few phones have that. 3G Digital 3.1 Mbps CDMA 2000 2004-2005 3G has Multimedia Broadba (peak) (1xRTT, services supportalong nd 500-700 EVDO) with streaming are Packet Kbps UMTS, EDGE more popular.In Data 3G, Universal access andportability a cross different device types are made possible. (Telephones, PDAs, etc.) 3.5G Packet 14.4 Mbps HSPA 2006 2010 3.5G supportshigher Data (peak) throughput and 1-3 Mbps speeds to support higher data needs of the consumers. 4G Digital 100-300 WiMax Now (Read Speedsfor 4G are Broadba Mbps LTE more further increased to nd (peak) Wi-Fi onTransitioni keep up with data Packet 3-5 Mbps ng to 4G) access demand used by All IP 100 Mbps various services.High Very (Wi-Fi) definition streamingis

high throughp ut

5G

Not Yet Probably gigabits

Not Yet

Soon (probably 2020)

now supported in 4G. New phones with HD capabilities surface. It gets pretty cool.In 4G, Portability is increased further.World-wide roaming is not a distant dream. Currently there is no 5G technology deployed. When this becomes available it will provide very high speeds to the consumers.It would also provide efficient use of available bandwidth as has been seen through development of each new technology.

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