LTE Radio Physical Layer

Tetsushi Abe, NTT DOCOMO , Vice-Chairman 3GPP TSG RAN WG1

3GPP Workshop 2 June, 2010, Chennai

Contents

Introduction
DownlinkAspectsforLTERelease8 Downlink Aspects for LTE Release 8 UplinkAspectsforLTERelease8 EnhancementsforLTEAdvanced(Release10and E h f LTE Ad d (R l 10 d beyond)

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Releasesof3GPPspecifications
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 GSM/GPRS/EDGE enhancements

Release 99 W-CDMA Release 4

1.28Mcps TDD HSDPA, HSDPA IMS

Release 6

Release 5

HSUPA, MBMS, IMS+

Release 7 HSPA+ (MIMO, HOM etc.)

ITU-R M.1457
IMT-2000 Recommendations
Release 8
Unser process

LTE, SAE
Release 9
Small LTE/SAE enhancements
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Release 10 LTE-Advanced

PhysicalLayerSpecifications Physical Layer Specifications

TS36.201EUTRAPhysicallayer:Generaldescription. TS36.211EUTRAPhysicalchannelsandmodulation. TS36.212EUTRAMultiplexingandchannelcoding. TS36.213EUTRAPhysicallayerprocedures. TS36.214EUTRAPhysicallayer Measurements Thelatestversionofthespecificationscanbedownloaded from:

h // http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/ /f / /

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LTERelease8MajorParameters LTE Release 8 Major Parameters

AccessScheme Bandwidth MinimumTTI Sub carrierspacing Subcarrier spacing Cyclicprefixlength Modulation Spatialmultiplexing Spatial multiplexing DL UL OFDMA SCFDMA 1.4,3,5,10,15,20MHz , , , , , 1ms 15kHz 15 kHz Short Long 4.7s 16.7s 16 7 s QPSK,16QAM,64QAM SinglelayerforULperUE Single layer for UL per UE Upto4layersforDLperUE MUMIMOsupportedforULandDL MU MIMO t d f UL d DL
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Transmission Resource structure TransmissionResourcestructure

Basicunitofresourceisthe PhysicalResourceBlock (PRB) 12subcarriersx0.5ms Allocatedinpairs(intime Allocated in pairs (in time domain) 1 subcarrier x 1 symbol = 1 1sub carrierx1symbol=1 resourceelement(RE) Spatialdomainmeasured Spatial domain measured inlayers

One downlink slot, T slot

One re esource block, N RB subcarr riers BW

Resource element

arriers NDL subca BW

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DL N symb OFDM symbols

One radio interface 2 frame structures Oneradiointerface,2framestructures

pp ( ) SupportsbothFDDandTDD(twoRITswithinoneSRIT)
FDD

TDD

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Contents
Introduction

DownlinkAspectsforLTERelease8 Downlink Aspects for LTE Release 8

UplinkAspectsforLTERelease8 EnhancementsforLTEAdvanced(Release10and h f d d( l d beyond)

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Cellacquisitionsignalling q g g
Synchronisationsignalsinsubframes0and5ofeach10msradioframe Usedininitialcellsearch Physicalbroadcastchannel(PBCH)insubframe0ofeachradioframe h lb d h l( ) bf f h d f CarriestheMasterInformationBlock(MIB) Includesindicationofsystembandwidth ll id R b td i f Robustdesignforcellwidecoverage: Lowrate,QPSK,robustchannelcoding(1/3ratetailbitingconvolutional codewithrepetition),40msTTI CRCindicatesnumberoftransmitantennas CRC indicates number of transmit antennas
1 coded MIB 40ms TTI of BCH

6 RBs

dc d

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one 10 ms radio frame

Reference Signals (RS) ReferenceSignals(RS)

InRel8,cellspecificRSareprovidedfor1,2or4antenna ports
Patterndesignedforeffectivechannelestimation
Sparsediamondpatternsupportsfrequencyselectivechannelsandhigh p p pp q y g mobilitywithlowoverhead

f frequency

Upto6cellspecificfrequencyshiftsareconfigurable P PowerboostingmaybeappliedontheREsusedforRS b ti b li d th RE d f RS QPSKsequencewithlowPAPR Antenna port 0 Antenna port 1 Antenna port 2 Antenna port 3
R0 R0 R1 R1 R2 R3

R0

R0

R1

R1

R2

R3

R0

R0

R1

R1

R2

R3

R0

R0

R1

R1

R2

R3

time
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UE specific Reference Signals UEspecificReferenceSignals

InRel8: l
UEspecific(precoded)RSmaybeprovidedin data transmissions to specific UEs datatransmissionstospecificUEs
R5
R5 R5

R5 R5 R5 R5 R5 R5 R5
l =6 l =0 l =6

R5

InRel 9: In Rel9:
UEspecificRSextendedtoduallayertransmission R R R R CDMbetweenRS ofthetwolayers
7 7 7 7

R5
l=0

R8 R8

R8 R8

R7 R7

R7 R7

R8 R8

R8 R8

R7 R7

R7 R7

R8 R8

R8 R8

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Downlink Channel Structure DownlinkChannelStructure

Flexiblecontroldesigntoavoidunnecessaryoverhead Control region is first 13 OFDM symbols in each subframe (24 in Controlregionisfirst1 3OFDMsymbolsineachsubframe(2 4in narrowbandwidths) Controlregionsize(CFI:controlchannelformatindicator)is y y dynamicallyvariable DatatransmissiononPhysicalDownlinkSharedChannel(PDSCH)
Downlink control channel region g
CFI=1 CFI=3 CFI=2 Time

PDSCH

PDSCH

PDSCH

Frequency

Subframe
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Downlink control signaling Downlinkcontrolsignaling

PhysicalControlFormatIndicatorChannel(PCFICH)indicates Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH) indicates thecontrolregionsize(CFI)
LocatedinfirstOFDMsymbolofeachsubframe PCFICHisdesignedtoberobust
16QPSKsymbolstransmittedwithfullfrequencydiversity

PhysicalDownlinkControlChannel(PDCCH)carriesDownlink ControlInformation(DCI)messages:
li k i d downlinkresourceassignments uplinkresourcegrants uplink power control commands uplinkpowercontrolcommands

PhysicalHybridARQIndicatorChannel(PHICH)carries ACK/NACKforULdatatransmissions ACK/NACK for UL data transmissions

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Downlink data transmission Downlinkdatatransmission

PDSCHcarriesuserdata, PDSCH carries user data, broadcastsysteminformation, pagingmessages Transmissionresourcesare assigneddynamicallybyPDCCH Data for UE1: Localised(suitablefor (localised) frequencydomainscheduling) or Data for UE2: distributed(suitablefor (distributed) maximisingfrequency maximising frequency Data for UE3: diversity)
One subframe = 1 ms 12 subcarriers

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PDSCH transmission modes PDSCHtransmissionmodes

InRel9,eachUEisconfiguredinoneof8 transmission In Rel 9 each UE is configured in one of 8 transmission modesforPDSCHreception:
Mode1:Singleantennaport,port0 Mode 1: Single antenna port, port 0 Mode2:Transmitdiversity Mode3:LargedelayCDD Mode4:Closedloopspatialmultiplexing Mode5:MUMIMO Mode 6 Closed loop spatial multiplexing single layer Mode6:Closedloopspatialmultiplexing,singlelayer Mode7:Singleantennaport,UEspecificRS(port5) ( ) g y Mode8(newinRel9):SingleorduallayertransmissionwithUE specificRS(ports7and/or8)

(ineachcase,transmitdiversityisalsoavailableasafallback)
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Contents
Introduction DownlinkAspectsforLTERelease8

UplinkAspectsforLTERelease8
EnhancementsforLTEAdvanced(Release10and h f d d( l d beyond)

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Uplink multiple access: SC FDMA Uplinkmultipleaccess:SCFDMA

Sameparameterisationasdownlink p DFTprecodingtoensurelowPAPR/cubicmetric Cyclicprefixfacilitatesfrequencydomain Cyclic prefix facilitates frequency domain equalisationateNodeB

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UL transmission resource allocation ULtransmissionresourceallocation

One subframe = 1 ms

SamestructureofPRBsinfrequency domainasdownlink ContiguousPRBallocationtokeep C ti PRB ll ti t k singlecarrierproperty Possibilitytoconfigurefrequency Possibility to configure frequency hoppingtoincreasefrequency diversity y NumberofallocatedPRBsfora givenuserinagivensubframeisin multiplesof2,3and5forlow complexityDFTimplementation
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12 sub-carriers b i

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UL Reference Signals ULReferenceSignals

ZadoffChusequences Zadoff Chu sequences DemodulationRS(DMRS)
Same bandwidth as control / data transmission Samebandwidthascontrol/datatransmission

SoundingRS(SRS)
Supports: pp
ULfrequencydomainscheduling Channelsoundingfordownlinktransmissions,especiallyforTDD

L t dI l t LocatedInlastsymbolofasubframe b l f bf Canbeconfiguredbynetwork Uses interleaving in frequency domain (alternate subcarriers) to Usesinterleavinginfrequencydomain(alternatesubcarriers)to provideadditionalsupportformultipleuserstransmittingSRSinthe samebandwidth

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Uplink channel structure Uplinkchannelstructure

DatatransmissionsonPhysicalUplinkSharedChannel(PUSCH) In centre of uplink bandwidth Incentreofuplinkbandwidth Minimisesoutofbandemissionsfromwidebandwidthdatatransmissions 1transportblockperTTI Samechannelcoding/ratematchingasPDSCH ModulationQPSK,16QAM,64QAM UL WhenPUSCHistransmitted,any When PUSCH is transmitted any controlsignallingismultiplexed withdatatomaintainsinglecarrier structure
nPRB = N RB 1

m =1 m=3

m=0 m=2

WhennoPUSCH,controlsignalling isonPhysicalUplinkControlChannel (PUCCH) ( UCCH) Usuallyatedgesofsystembandwidth nPRB = 0 PUCCHhopsfromonesideofthecarrierto p theothertomaximisefrequencydiversity

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PUCCH

PUSCH
m=2 m=0 m=3 m =1

One subframe
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Uplink Control Signalling UplinkControlSignalling

ACK/NACKforPDSCHtransmissions SchedulingRequest(SR) ChannelQualityInformationfeedbackcanbe periodiconPUCCHoraperiodiconPUSCH periodic on PUCCH or aperiodic on PUSCH
CQI indicatesanindexofaModulation/CodingScheme (MCS)thatcouldbereceivedonPDSCHwithBLER0.1 ( ) PMI indicatespreferredprecodingmatrixforPDSCH RI indicatesnumberofusefultransmissionlayersfor y PDSCH

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Random Access Channel (RACH) RandomAccessChannel(RACH)

RACHprocedurebeginswithapreamble(PRACH) PRACHresourcesassignedbyeNBwithinPUSCHregion PRACHpreamblefitsinto6PRBs
Sufficientfortimingestimation Invariantwithbandwidthforlow complexity p y ZadoffChusequence
Excellentcorrelationproperties
Zero correlation zone for different Zerocorrelationzonefordifferent cyclicshifts

PUSCH
PRACH

Flatfrequencyspectrum Differentsequencesprovidedfirstby Different sequences provided first by differentcyclicshifts,thenbydifferent rootsequences

PUCCH

MultiplePRACHformatssuitablefordifferentcellsizes Multiple PRACH formats suitable for different cell sizes

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Timing Advance TimingAdvance

Uplinktransmissionorthogonalitybetweenusersis maintainedbytimingadvance SetinitiallyduringRandomAccessProcedure Updatedasnecessarysubsequently Supportsatleast100kmcellrange
Greaterrangesareuptotheimplementation

Downlink radio frame #i

Uplink radio frame #i

NTATS time units
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Uplink Power Control UplinkPowerControl

Controlsuplinkpowerspectraldensity C l li k ld i
Totaluplinktransmitpowerscaleslinearlywithtransmittedbandwidth

Fractionalpowercontrolcancompensateforallorpartofpath Fractional power control can compensate for all or part of path loss
Allowstradeoffbetweenintracellfairnessandintercellinterference

MCSspecificoffsetsmaybeapplied Closedlooppowercontrolcommandscanfinetunethepower setting setting

CarriedonPDCCH
IndividualcommandsinULresourcegrants GroupcommandsforgroupsofUEs

SeparatepowercontrolforPUCCHandPUSCH
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UL Multi Antenna transmission ULMultiAntennatransmission

Rel8/9supports:
Switchedantennadiversity
ClosedloopantennaswitchingsupportedbyCRCmaskingon PBCH

MU MIMO MUMIMO
DifferentcyclicshiftsofDMRScanbeallocatedtodifferentUEs

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Contents
Introduction DownlinkAspectsforLTERelease8 UplinkAspectsforLTERelease8

EnhancementsforLTEAdvanced Enhancements for LTE Advanced (Release10andbeyond)

Note that discussion on Rel-10 features described in the following slides are still on g g at 3GPP g going and the specifications are not yet finalized.
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SystemPerformanceRequirementsfor LTEAdvanced
Peakdatarate P kd
1Gbpsdataratewillbeachievedby4by4MIMOandtransmission bandwidthwiderthanapproximately70MHz

Peakspectrumefficiency
DL:Rel.8LTEsatisfiesIMTAdvancedrequirement UL:NeedtodoublefromRelease8tosatisfyIMTAdvanced d d bl f l 8 if d d requirement
Rel. 8 LTE Peak data rate Peak spectrum efficiency [bps/Hz] [b /H ] DL UL DL UL 300 Mbps 75 Mbps 15 3.75 LTE-Advanced 1 Gbps 500 Mbps 30 15 IMT-Advanced 1 Gbps(*) 15 6.75

*100 Mbps for high mobility and 1 Gbps for low mobility is one of the key features as written in Circular Letter (CL)

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SystemPerformanceRequirementsfor LTEAdvanced(contd)
Capacityandcelledgeuserthroughput
TargetforLTEAdvancedwassetconsideringgainof1.4to1.6fromRelease8LTE performance
Ant. Config. Capacity [bps/Hz/cell] DL 2-by-2 4 by 2 4-by-2 4-by-4 UL 1-by-2 2 by 4 2-by-4 Celledgeuser throughput [bps/Hz/cell/use r] DL 2by2 4by2 4by4 UL 1by2 2by4 Rel. 8 LTE*1 1.69 1.87 2.67 0.74 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.024 x1.4-1.6 LTE-Advanced*2 2.4 2.6 3.7 1.2 2.0 20 0.07 0.09 0.12 0.04 0.07 IMT-Advanced*3 2.2 1.4 14 0.06 0.03

*1 See TR25.912(Case 1 scenario) *2 See TR36.913(Case 1 scenario) *3 See ITU-R M.2135(Base Coverage Urban scenario) 3GPP Workshop 2 June, 2010, Chennai
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Deployment scenarios for LTE Advanced DeploymentscenariosforLTEAdvanced

TargetdeploymentscenariosforLTEAdvancedcoverbothhomogeneous d l f d d b hh andheterogeneousnetworks.
High-power node Low-power node

Homogeneous network deployment

Heterogeneous network network

Evaluationmodelsforeachdeploymentscenarioin3GPPisshownin TR36.814ver.9.0.0(Annextherein)

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Work Items for Release 10 LTE WorkItemsforRelease10LTE

CarrieraggregationforLTE EnhancedmultiantennadownlinktransmissionforLTE UplinkmultipleantennatransmissionforLTE RelaysforLTE EnhancedICICfornonCA(carrieraggregation)based deploymentofheterogeneousnetworks k f NetworkpositioningsupportforLTE

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CarrierAggregation(CA)
WiderbandwidthtransmissionusingcarrieraggregationforbothDLandUL Entiresystembandwidthupto,e.g.,100MHz,comprisesmultiplebasicfrequency y p , g, , p p q y blockscalledcomponentcarriers(CCs) Satisfyrequirementsforpeakdatarate EachCCcanbeconfiguredinabackwardcompatiblewaywithRel8LTE g p y MaintainbackwardcompatibilitywithRel8LTE Carrieraggregationsupportsbothcontiguousandnoncontiguousspectrum,and asymmetricbandwidthforFDD y Achieveflexiblespectrumusage
System bandwidth, e.g., e g 100 MHz Examples of UE capabilities p
100-MHz case 40-MHz case 20-MHz case (Rel. 8 LTE)
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CC, e.g., 20 MHz

Frequency

DownlinkMultipleAccessScheme
Downlink: OFDMA with component carrier (CC) based structure
Priority i P i it given t reusing R l 8 specification f l to i Rel. ifi ti for low-cost and fast development t df td l t
Transport block Transport block Transport block Transport block

Onetransportblockismapped One transport block is mapped withinoneCC Paralleltypetransmissionover multipleCCs lti l CC

Channel coding HARQ

Channel coding HARQ Mod. Mapping M i

Channel coding HARQ Mod. Mapping M i

Channel coding HARQ Mod. Mapping M i

GoodaffinitytoRel.8LTE specifications Cross carrierschedulingispossible Crosscarrier scheduling is possible PDCCHinoneCCcanschedule PDSCHinanotherCC

Mod. Mapping M i

CC

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Uplink Multiple Access Scheme UplinkMultipleAccessScheme

Uplink: N-times DFT-Spread OFDM
Achieve wider bandwidth by adopting parallel multi CC transmission multi-CC Satisfy requirements for peak data rate while maintaining backward compatibility Low-cost Low cost and fast development by reusing Rel 8 specification Rel. Will also support non-contiguous resource allocation Enhanced flexibility and efficiency of resource allocation Simultaneous PUCCH and PUSCH transmission will be supported. Independent power control will be provided per CC
N-times DFT Spread N times DFT-Spread OFDM PUCCH region CC CC

Parallel Rel. 8 LTE transmission PUSCH (Physical uplink shared channel)

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Freq.

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EnhancedDownlinkMultiantenna Transmission
Extensionupto8layertransmission Increasedfrom4layersinRel8/9 y / Satisfytherequirementforpeakspectrumefficiency, i.e.,30bps/Hz Additionalreferencesignals(RS)specified: g ( ) p ChannelstateinformationRS(CSIRS) Fordownlinkchannelsounding Sparse,lowoverhead(configurable) Density:1resourceelement(RE)perantennaportperPRB
Max. 8 streams

UEspecificdemodulationRS(DMRS) UE specific DM RS can be precoded supporting non codebook based UEspecificDMRScanbeprecoded,supportingnoncodebookbased precoding, applied 18layer transmission, and enhanced multi user beamforming, multiuser beamforming such as zero forcing (ZF) DM RS pattern for higher numbers of layers is extended from 2layer format for transmission mode 8 in Rel9 Rel 9
DMRS pattern
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EnhancedDownlinkMultiantenna Transmission(Contd) T i i (C td)

EnhancedMultiuser(MU)MIMO E h d M lti (MU) MIMO
MUMIMO dimensionality MU MIMOdimensionality Maximumspatial4layers Maximum2layersperuser
CSI feedback

Enhanced MU-MIMO

CSIfeedbackenhancementusingtwomatrix(W1,W2)feedbackframeworkis nowbeingstudied W1targetswideband/longtermchannelproperties W2targetsfrequencyselective/shorttermtimechannelproperties Matrix multiplication is used Matrixmultiplicationisused.

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EnhancedUplinkMultiantenna Transmission
UL transmit diversity for PUCCH to improve robustness in cell edge cell-edge
Orthogonal resource transmit diversity is supported for PUCCH format 1 (Scheduling request) 1a/1b (HARQ-Ack) when UE has two Tx antennas the same modulation symbol from the uplink channel is transmitted from two antenna ports, on two separate orthogonal resources.

SU MIMO SU-MIMO up to 4 stream transmission to satisfy the requirement for peak 4-stream spectrum efficiency, i.e., 15 bps/Hz
Closed-loop codebook based precoding supported SU-MIMO up to 4 streams
Max. 4 streams

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RelayingforLTE
RelaydesigntargetforRel10iscoverageextension Supportscelldeploymentsinareaswherewiredbackhaulisnotavailableorveryexpensive Type1relay Inbandrelaying:samecarrierfrequencyforbackhaulandaccesslinks Time division multiplexing of backaul and access links Timedivisionmultiplexingofbackaulandaccesslinks Relaynode(RN)createsaseparatecelldistinctfromthedonorcell UEreceives/transmitscontrolsignalsforschedulingandHARQfrom/toRN RNappearsasaRel8LTEeNBtoRel8LTEUEs pp Type1arelay Outbandrelaying:differentcarrierfrequencyforbackhaulfromaccesslink

Macro (eNB) Backhaul link

Relay node (RN) Access link

UE
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Conclusions
LTEAdvancedisaveryflexibleandadvancedsystem
BuiltontheestablishedcapabilitiesoftheLTERel8and Rel9physicallayer Furtherenhancementstoexploitspectrumavailability andadvancedmultiantennatechniques d d d lti t t h i

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Backupslides Backup slides

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CoMPReceptioninUplink CoMP Reception in Uplink

CoMP reception scheme in uplink Ph i l uplink shared channel (PUSCH) i received at multiple cells Physical li k h d h l is i d t lti l ll Scheduling is coordinated among the cells Improve especially cell-edge user throughput Note that CoMP reception in uplink is an implementation matter and does not require any change to radio interface
Receiver signal processing at central eNB (e.g., MRC, MMSEC)

Multipoint reception
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LTERelease8UserEquipment Categories
Category Peakrate Mbps DL UL 1 10 5 2 50 25 3 100 50 20MHz DL UL QPSK,16QAM,64QAM QPSK,16QAM QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM 4 150 50 5 300 75

Capabilityforphysicalfunctionalities RFbandwidth Modulation

Multiantenna 2Rxdiversity 2x2MIMO 4x4MIMO

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Assumedinperformancerequirements. Not supported Notsupported pp Mandatory Mandatory y

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DetailsofPDSCHtransmissionmodes(1) Details of PDSCH transmission modes (1)

Mode2:
SFBCfor2antennaports SFBC/FSTDfor4antennaports

Mode 3: Mode3:
LargedelayCDD increasesfrequencyselectivity Allowsopenloopspatialmultiplexing Uptorank2withoutclosedloopprecodingfeedbackfromUE

Mode4:
P Precodingusingspecifiedcodebookfortherelevantnumberof di i ifi d d b k f h l b f antennaports Supportsupto4layers
Max2codewordstolimitsignallingoverhead

ClosedloopprecodingfeedbackfromUE Used precoding matrix is indicated to UE on PDCCH UsedprecodingmatrixisindicatedtoUEonPDCCH

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DetailsofPDSCHtransmissionmodes(2)
Mode5:
Rank1MUMIMO Rank 1 MUMIMO BasedonsameprecodingcodebooksandfeedbackasMode4 PDCCHindicatespoweroffsetforPDSCH

Mode6:
Basedonmode4butforsinglelayeronly

Mode7: Mode 7
UEspecificRS SuitableforUEspecificbeamforming,e.g.basedonangleofarrival p g, g g (noclosedloopprecodingfeedbackfromUE)

Mode8:
D ll DuallayerUEspecificRS UE ifi RS Closedloopprecodingfeedbackmayormaynotbeused SupportsduallayerSUMIMOandsinglelayerMUMIMO
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MBMS
SupportsSingleFrequency Networkoperationforhigh performance: MBSFN performance: MBSFN subframes
PhysicalMulticastChannel(PMCH) y ( ) isusedinsteadofPDSCH SpecialRSpatternwithhigher density in frequency domain densityinfrequencydomain supportslongerdelayspread frommulticelltransmission
R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 even-numbered slots R4 odd-numbered slots R4 R4 R4 R4 R4

Antenna port 4
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Contents
Introduction DownlinkAspects UplinkAspects

SpecificsupportforTDD Specific support for TDD

SpecificsupportforhalfduplexFDD UEcategoriesinRel8 EnhancementsforLTE Advanced Enhancements for LTEAdvanced

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TDDoperation TDD ti
Specialtimeslotfordownlinkuplinkswitching:
DwPTS DL subframe #0
SSS PSS RS/Control Data

GP

UL subframe #2 UpPTS

UpPTS can transmit special short PRACH format or SRS UpPTScantransmitspecialshortPRACHformatorSRS TDDoperationisalsosupportedby:
AnincreasednumberofHARQprocesses ACK/NACKbundling/multiplexingconfigurationstoenablecontrol signallingtobetransmitted g g
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Contents
Introduction DownlinkAspects UplinkAspects SpecificsupportforTDD Specific support for TDD

SpecificsupportforhalfduplexFDD
UEcategoriesinRel8 EnhancementsforLTE Advanced Enhancements for LTEAdvanced

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Halfduplex FDD operation HalfduplexFDDoperation

FromUEperspective,ULandDLdonotoverlapintime From UE perspective UL and DL do not overlap in time ForDLULswitchingtime,UEignoresendofDLsubframe For ULDL switching time, additional timing advance offset ForUL DLswitchingtime,additionaltimingadvanceoffset canbeappliedtotheULtransmissions
1 ms subframe

DL UL
DL-to-UL switch time created by the UE ignoring the last part of the DL subframe UL-to-DL switch time created by timing advance

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Orthogonal Multiple Access Schemes OrthogonalMultipleAccessSchemes

Downlink:OFDMA
Highspectralefficiency Robust against frequency selectivity / multi path interference Robustagainstfrequencyselectivity/multipathinterference
Intersymbolinterferencecontainedwithincyclicprefix

Supportsflexiblebandwidthdeployment Facilitatesfrequencydomainscheduling WellsuitedtoadvancedMIMOtechniques

Uplink:SCFDMA
BasedonOFDMAwithDFTprecoding Commonstructureoftransmissionresourcescomparedtodownlink C t t ft i i dt d li k Cyclicprefixsupportsfrequencydomainequalization LowCubicMetricforefficienttransmitterdesign Low Cubic Metric for efficient transmitter design
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Low complexity cell acquisition Lowcomplexitycellacquisition

Synchronisationsignalsandbroadcastchannel:
Fixedbandwidth Centrallylocated Allowsstraightforwardbandwidthagnosticcellsearch
Synchronisation signals y g and physical broadcast channel

frequency f
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PDSCHphysicallayerprocessing
a0 , a1 ,..., a A 1

b0 , b1 ,..., b B 1

cr 0 , cr1 ,..., cr ( K r 1)

( i d r i0) , d r(1) ,..., d r(i() D

r 1)

er 0 , er1 ,..., er (Er 1)

EachTTI,1or2transportblocksare processedfromMAClayer processed from MAC layer Channelcodingisbasedon1/3rateturbo codewithtrellisterminationtoapproach pp Shannoncapacity Circularbufferratematching ModulationQPSK,16QAM,64QAM Layermappingandprecodingforsupportof multi antenna transmission multiantennatransmission

f 0 , f1 ,..., f G 1

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Cross carrier scheduling for CA CrosscarrierschedulingforCA

Carrierindicatorfield(CIF)canbesemistaticallyconfiguredtoenable d f ld ( ) b ll f d bl crosscarrierULandDLassignments
Example: Use PDCCH in CC1 to schedule PDSCH in CC2 CC1 CC2 DL Control DL/UL Data

freq.

Possibleapplicationiscontrolchannelintercellinterferencecoordination (ICIC)onheterogeneousnetworks
Pico/femto cell Macro cell

Macro layer Pico/femto layer

Freq.
CC1
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CC2
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Controlchanneldesignforrelay
RPDCCH isdesignedtodynamicallyorsemi p persistentlyassignresourcesforthedownlinkbackhaul y g data(correspondingtotheRPDSCHandRPUSCH physicalchannel).
DLgrantsarealwaystransmittedinthefirstslotofasubframe IfaDLgrantistransmittedinthefirstPRBofagivenPRBpair, thenanULgrantmaybetransmittedinthesecondPRBofthe th UL t b t itt d i th d PRB f th PRBpair Possibilitytotransmitdatainthe2ndslotofaR PDCCHPRB Possibility to transmit data in the 2nd slot of a RPDCCH PRB pair ULgrantsareonlytransmittedinthesecondslot
Nodatatransmissioninthefirstslot

Ongoingdiscussionsoninterleaving. OnlyRank1issupportedforRPDCCHforagivenRN l k df f
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