Sports Recreation and Lifestyle

Emergency Care
Emergency care is given to a person who is injured or becomes suddenly ill. It should begin as soon as possible and continue until medical aid arrives. The caregiver aims to To preserve life To prevent the casualtys injuries or illness from getting worse until professional help arrives To promote the casualtys recovery

DRABC
DRABC stands for Danger Firstly must consider danger to yourself, bystanders and the casualty o Assess the casualtys injuries and send for medical aid by State location of incident State type of accident or illness State number of casualties State condition of casualties Response determine if the casualty is conscious by using the squeeze and shout technique o Make casualty comfortable and treat any external injuries Airway ensure casualtys airway is clear by placing in stable side position o Place casualtys further arm at right angles to body o Place the nearer arm across the chest with the fingers at the top of the shoulder o Bend the nearer knee into a right angle at the hip and knee o Place on hand on the casualtys shoulder and grasp their thigh with the other hand o Roll casualty away from you making sure the head and the body stay in line o Keep the upper leg bent while checking the airway and breathing. Clear and open the casualtys airway using the following steps With the casualty supported on the side, tilt their head backwards and slightly down Open the mouth and use your fingers to scoop out any foreign objects Place one hand on the casualtys forehead and support the chin with the other hand Lift the jaw forward and open the casualtys mouth slightly Breathing The look, listen and feel technique will allow you to determine if the casualty is breathing o Look for the rising and falling of the chest o Listen to the sound of breathing o Feel the breath with your check o If casualty is breathing, place them in stable side position

Circulation - check for the casualtys pulse to let you know if the heart is beating and pumping blood around the body o Feel for the groove behind the Adams apple for the carotid pulse using the end of the middle two fingers o Feel for the radial pulse at the thumb at the thumb side of the wrist If no pulse is found, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may need to be performed

EAR
This is achieved by exhaling air from your lungs into the casualtys mouth or nose or both Place casualty onto their back, ensuring that their airway remains open by tilting heir head back and supporting jaw. Kneel beside casualty Place a hand on the casualtys forehead and tilt their head back. Pinch the casualtys nose with the fingertips or seal with your cheek. Lift their jaw forward with the other hand using the pistol grip avoiding pressure on neck Take a deep breath and open your mouth wide Place your mouth over the casualtys mouth, making an airtight seal Breathe firmly into the casualtys mouth Turn your head to check that their lungs have inflated. Feel and listen for exhaled air remember look listen and feel If the chest does not rise, check that the casualtys head is tilted correctly, that their airway is not block and that you are making an airtight seal with our mouth Give 5 full breaths in 10 seconds, then check carotid pulse for 5 seconds. If a pulse is present continue EAR at the rate of 15 breaths per minute Check for the pulse after 1 minutes of EAR and then every two minutes thereafter o Can be administered as Mouth to mouth resuscitation Mouth to nose resuscitation Mouth to mouth and nose resuscitation o

Children (1 9) years Tilt head only slightly Give smaller breaths Watch for movement of the lower chest Breathing rate is 20 breaths per minute

Infants (up to 12 months) No head tilt Seal both mouth and nose Puff air rather than blow until chest rises Breathing rate is 20 breaths per minute