Tutorial 9: DTM Example in xpswmm

Tutorial 9: DTM Example in xpswmm

(For owners of the DTM add-on module) This tutorial uses tools in xpswmm to generate and display a digital terrain model (DTM), in particular, the tutorial creates the triangular irregular network (TIN) and introduces the options for its display such as graduated colour coding and contouring. To create this example follow the detailed instructions below. Step 1 Start xpswmm and create a new database Select New and Continue.

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Tutorial 9: DTM Example in xpswmm Step 2 Assigning a file name Set the project name to DTMriver.xp and place the file in the work folder of xpswmm.

Make sure you place the .xp extension in your project name. If the file extensions are not visible on you computer change the Hide file extensions of known file types option in Windows Explorer. Choose the Save button to create the project file and close the new file dialog. Step 3 Choosing project units Choose metric units and then the OK button. If the wrong units are chosen or you wish to change units at a later time this dialog can be accessed from the Configuration->Units menu.

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Tutorial 9: DTM Example in xpswmm Step 4 The project window Once the units are selected the project window appears. Double click the title bar or select the maximize icon on the xpswmm program. The main parts of the screen are identified with labels in the picture below.

Layer Control Panel: This panel is used to mange settings for layers in both 1-D and 2-D models. The layers are organized in expandable/collapsible groups in a Windows Explorer style fashion. Toolstrip: A palette of object symbols (Icons) is provided for the creation and manipulation of objects comprising the network, performing calculations and managing project files. These icons are called tools and are grouped as toolbars. Some of these toolbars may be turned on and off by selecting Toolbar from the View Menu. Menu: The pull-down menu titles appear on a menu bar displayed below the window title. Each menu title represents a group of related commands. If certain commands do not make sense in the current context of what the user is doing, they are disabled and indicated by less prominent and shaded light gray. The most frequently used commands also have keyboard equivalents, indicated by a keyboard combination such as Ctrl+N (New) listed in the menu. Commands that require more information, typically entered via a Dialog Box, are indicated with three trailing dots after the menu item name. Status Bar: The status bar has 7 boxes. From left to right, the information displayed is: 1. Progress bar, 2. X, Y & Z coordinates of cursor (Z displayed if a TIN layer is active), 3. The active mode, 4. The current scale, 5. Status of the Caps Lock keyboard toggle, 6. Status of the Num Lock keyboard toggle, 7. Status of the Insert/Overlay keyboard toggle.
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Tutorial 9: DTM Example in xpswmm Step 5 Adding a background image From the toolstrip choose the Add Picture icon. Alternatively the image can be selected by choosing the View->Background Images->Add background image or right mouse clicking on Background Images from the layer control panel and selecting Add background Image.

Select the file xpswmm\Work\cot1064.bmp. Add the top, left, bottom and right coordinates: Top = Left = Bottom = Right = 5737999.5 742500.5 5736499.5 744000.5

These values stretch the image to real world coordinates. If the associated file had a world file such as .tfw or a .tif file then the coordinates would be loaded automatically. Similarly .DWG, DXF, ESRI and MapInfo files do not require coordinates as they are read directly from the file. After selecting OK the picture should appear as shown below. The picture can be hidden by turning off the visible check box on the layer control panel.

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Tutorial 9: DTM Example in xpswmm

Step 6 Creating or loading a TIN From the Layer control panel right mouse click on DTM Layers. A pop-up dialog will appear that includes Load DTM file and Create DTM From XYZ file. The Load DTM File allows a TIN to be loaded into xpswmm to act as the terrain model. The format of the TIN that can be loaded is a TIN previously created by xpswmm or the 12D Model. For information on the 12D model see www.12d.com. The Create DTM From XYZ file option allows an XYZ or XYZS delimited file to be triangulated and then loaded into xpswmm. Once the TIN is created the corresponding tin files could be directly loaded in another model.

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Tutorial 9: DTM Example in xpswmm

Select Create DTM From XYZ File.

Select the file survey.txt from the xpswmm\Work folder.

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Tutorial 9: DTM Example in xpswmm Select Open to load the file for triangulation and close the dialog. The progress bar will show the triangulation process. Periodically, the model will prompt you to save your work. This is based on a time interval. The time interval and an option to disable this feature can be found in the Tools->Application Setting->Time Saved menu item.

Step 7 Viewing the TIN The TIN will appear correctly located with the background image if the all coordinates have coincided. By default the TIN appears as a colour coded solid and is drawn on top of the background image. The next section describes some viewing options such as displaying contours and changing the colour scheme and transparency of the TIN.

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Tutorial 9: DTM Example in xpswmm Step 8 Modifying the display of the TIN From the Layer control panel right mouse click on DTM Layers. A pop-up dialog will appear. Select Properties to load the DTM Properties dialog.

This dialog shows the list of TINs and also information about the TIN such as the number of triangles and points, and also the extents of the surface. Select the Color Range button to adjust the transparency and colour range and colour selection for the display of the TIN. The DTM Gradient Colors dialog allows the user to select the colours and range of colours. A slide bar allows the transparency to be set. Move the transparency slide to the middle. Select the OK button to close the dialogs and return to the network. The TIN should now be seethrough and allow you to see the background image as shown below.

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Tutorial 9: DTM Example in xpswmm

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Tutorial 9: DTM Example in xpswmm Step 9 Display contours on the TIN From the Layer control panel right mouse click on DTM Layers. A pop-up dialog will appear. Select Properties to load the DTM Properties dialog. Select the check boxes for both Show Major and Show Minor Contours. Enter values of 5.0 and 1.0 for the contour intervals respectively. Note: Contours are drawn in the same colour scheme as the colour graduation and therefore are only visible when the graduation is not completely opaque.

Select OK and the contours will appear.

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Tutorial 9: DTM Example in xpswmm

Step 10 Cutting freehand cross sections to inquire on the TIN From the toolstrip select the Section Profile tool. The location of this tool is shown by an arrow in the picture below. Click on the TIN then move the mouse to another location and double-click. The locations that produced the graphs are shown by the thick black line. Multiple points are permitted in the section profile by simply using a single mouse click to create the polyline and terminating the polyline with a double mouse click.

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Tutorial 9: DTM Example in xpswmm Right mouse click on the graph allows the user to modify, print or export the profile graphic.

Select the Close button to exit the dialog. Step 11 The End This provides a quick tour of the fundamentals of using the XP-DTM module in xpswmm.

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