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Which one of the following sequences represents the hierarchy of biological organization from the most to the least complex level? A. organelle, cell, organ system, population, community, ecosystem B. organism, population, organ system, tissue, molecule, cell C. ecosystem, community, organism, tissue, cell, organelle D. biosphere, population, organism, cell, tissue, molecule 2. Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms? A. informatics B. taxonomy C. genomics D. evolution 3. Which one of the following features do procaryotic and eucaryotic cells have in common? A. ribosomes B. a membrane-bounded nucleus C. flagella or cilia that contain microtubules D. linear chromosomes made of DNA and protein 4. Which of the following statements best summarizes the structural differences between DNA and RNA? A. RNA is protein, whereas DNA is a nucleic acid B. DNA is protein, whereas RNA is a nucleic acid C. RNA is a double helix, but DNA is single-stranded D. DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides 5. Which one of the following pairs between organelle and function of cells is mismatched? A. nucleus-DNA replication B. nucleolus-ribosomal RNA C. cell membrane-lipid bilayer D. lysosome-protein synthesis 6. Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is incorrect? A. The dynamic aspect of cytoskeletal function is made possible by the assembly and disassembly of a few simple types of proteins into large aggregates B. Microfilaments are structurally rigid and resist compression, while microtubules resist tension (stretching) C. Movement of cilia and flagella is the result of motor proteins causing microtubules to move relative to each other D. Transporting vesicles among the membranes of the endomembrane system depends on the function of the cytoskeleton 7. Which type of organelle is primarily involved in the synthesis of oils, phospholipids and steroids? A. ribosome B. lysosome C. mitochondrion D. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

8. The characteristics of living organism include all of the following statements EXCEPT A. They can regulate their own metabolism processes by themselves. B. Reproduction process is important in order to maintain the survival of generation. C. They move from one place to another and explore their surrounding. D. They compete with each other to get food and shelter in one confined area. 9. The brain is subject to the organization of A. cell B. tissue C. organ D. organism 10. Which of the following pairs is mismatched? A. Species - Rocks B. Population - Elephants C. Community - Animals and Plants D. Ecosystem - Animals, Plants, Water, Soils and Atmosphere 11.Which of the following is considered as storage polysaccharide? A. Chitin B. Cellulose C. Collagen D. Glycogen (and starch) 12.The endomembrane system includes A. plasma membrane and mitochondrion. B. golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum (plus nuclear envelopes, lysosomes, vacuoles, vesicles, peroxisomes and cell membrane) C. mitochondrion and chloroplast. D. nucleus and vacuole. 13.The membrane's specific function is mostly determined by A. proteins. B. cytoplasm. C. cholesterol. D. phospholipid bilayer. 14.Which of the following sequences represents the hierarchy of biological organization from the least to the most complex level? A. Organelle, tissue, biosphere, ecosystem, population, organism. B. Cell, community, population, organ system, molecule, organelle. C. Organism, community, biosphere, molecule, tissue, organ. D. Molecule, cell, organ system, population, ecosystem, biosphere. 15.Collecting data based on observation is an example of ; analyzing these data to reach a conclusion is an example of _______________ reasoning. A. hypothesis-based science; inductive B. the process of science; deductive C. discovery science; inductive D. descriptive science; deductive

16.Which of the following comparisons between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is INCORRECT? A. The lack of organelles in prokaryotes means that they are structurally less complex than eukaryotes. B. The lack of internal membranes means that prokaryotes cannot compartmentalize function to the same extent as eukaryotes. C. All membrane function in prokaryotes is accomplished in the plasma membrane, while in the eukaryotes, these functions are more distributed among the organelles. D. The lack of organelles in prokaryotes means that the basic cellular functions are different in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes. 18. Which of the following is NOT a known function of the cytoskeleton? A. To maintain a critical limit on cell size. B. To provide mechanical support to the cell. C. To maintain the characteristic shape of the cell. D. To hold mitochondria and other organelles in place within the cytosol. 19.Which of the following types of molecules are the major structural components of the cell membranes? A. Phospholipids and cellulose. B. Nucleic acid and proteins. C. Phospholipids and proteins (plus glycoprotein, carbohydrate & cholesterol) D. Glycoproteins and cholesterol 20. The lowest level of biological organization that can perform all the activities required for life is the A. organelle - for example, a chloroplast. B. cell - for example, a skin cell. C. tissue - for example, nervous tissue. D. organ system - for example, the reproductive system. 21. Which of these is a difference between DNA and RNA? A. RNA is double-stranded; DNA is single stranded. B. DNA is found in the nucleus; RNA is never found in the nucleus. C. In DNA, adenine pairs with guanine; in RNA, adenine pairs with thymine. D. DNA contains thymine; RNA contains uracil. 22.Polysaccharides, lipids and proteins are similar in that they A. are synthesized from monomers by the process of hydrolysis. B. are synthesized from monomers by dehydration reactions. C. are decomposed into their subunits by dehydration reactions. D. all contain nitrogen in their monomer building block

23.Which branch of biology is concerned with the study of heredity? A. Cytology B. Taxonomy C. Genetics D. Physiology 24. Several closely related genus might be assigned to the next higher taxonomic level called A. species. 3

B. phylum. C. class. D. family. 25. The botanist who devised a taxonomic system that used morphological features as the primary criteria for classifying organisms was A. Charles Darwin. B. Carolus Linnaeus. C. John Armstrong. D. Louis Pasteur. 26. A structure made up of a group of cells of similar shape and function is called a/an A. tissue. B. organ. C. organ system. D. organelle. 27. All scientific process which involve the use of scientific method almost always begin with a/an A. hypothesis. B. observation. C. data collection. D. conclusion. 28. A scientist will always use inductive reasoning in order to come up with a A. classification. B. theory. C. hypothesis. D. conclusion. 29.Of the following functions, the major purpose of RNA is to A. act as a pattern in the synthesis of protein. B. transmit genetic information to the offspring. C. function in the synthesis of protein. D. make a copy of itself, thus ensuring genetic continuity. 30. Which of the following are nitrogen bases of the pyrimidine type? A. Thymine and cytosine B. Thymine and adenine C. Guanine and thymine D. Adenine and guanine 31. Which of these organelles is found in both eukaryote and prokaryote cells? A. Ribosome B. Centriole C. Nucleolus D. Mitochondrion

32. Which of the following is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? A. Breaking down old and used organelles. B. Synthesizing phospholipids and cholesterol. C. Transporting proteins produced by ribosomes. 4

D. Attaching carbohydrates to proteins forming glycoproteins. 33. Which of the following organelles is the origin of the other membranes in the cell? A. Nucleus B. Vacuole C. Lysosome D. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 34.The classification of organisms into hierarchical groups is called A. taxonomy. B. phylogeny. C. biogeography. D. anthropology. 35. The person who devised a taxonomic system that used morphological features as the primary criteria for classifying organisms is A. Louis Pasteur. B. Alfred Wallace. C. Charles Darwin. D. Carolus Linnaeus. 36. A localized group of organisms that belongs to the same species refers to A. species. B. population. C. community. D. ecosystem. 37. A flower is at the _____ level in the hierarchy of biological organization. A. tissue B. organ C. organelle D. population 38. Which of these is being tested in the process of science? A. A result B. A question C. A prediction D. A hypothesis 39. Which of the following is NOT a part of the endomembrane system? A. Lysosome B. Mitochondrion C. Golgi apparatus D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum 40. Which of the following properties are processes A. Evolutionary adaptations B. Energy processing C. Responding to the environment D. Growth and reproduction E. All of the above 41. Several closely related species might be assigned to the next higher taxonomic level called A. genus 5

B. family C. phylum D. kingdom E. specific epithet. 42. Which of the followings best describe the scientific method? A. Doing experiment in laboratory. B. Collecting all known facts on a subject. C. Doing observation in nature. D. Developing and testing hypotheses. E. Using sensitive electronic measuring instruments 43. Which of the following statements is correct? A. All carbohydrates are composed of complex polysaccharides. B. Polypeptides are constructed of covalently linked protein residue. C. Nucleotides are formed from repeating monomers of nucleic acid. D. Polysaccharides are formed repeating monosaccharide subunit. E. Disaccharide are composed of repeating units of oligo-amino acids 44.Prokaryotic cells are characteristic of A. bacteria B. protista C. plants and animals D. fungi E. algae. 45. Which kind of cell would have the most extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex? A. Cells that produce and store lipid. B. Glandular cells that produce and secrete protein hormone. C. Liver cells that detoxify drugs. D. Complex bacterial cells. E. Cells that are specialized to line body cavities 46. Cellular components that contain digestive enzymes are A. lysosomes B. smooth endoplasmic reticulum C. nucleolus D. cell wall E. microfilament.