Godrej HiCare limited

Pest Management Professionals Commercial Service Training

Chapter 1

Pests of Urban and Industrial Environment

(Revised July 22, 2006)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS _______________________________________________________ 2 PESTS OF URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENTS ________________________ 3 ACTIVITY - GOOD & BAD BUGS SEPARATE THESE!___________________________ 4 WHAT IS A PEST? _____________________________________________________________ 5 HOW ARE PESTS CLASSIFIED? __________________________________________________ 6 WHAT ARE THE IMPORTANT PESTS (INVERTEBRATES AND VERTEBRATES) OF URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENTS? ___________________________________________________ 8 WHAT ARE THE KEY MARKET SEGMENTS OF IMPORTANCE TO GODREJ HICARE?________ 12 SKILL CHECK: PESTS OF URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENTS ____________ 13 RELATED LINKS__________________________________________________________ 14

PESTS OF URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENTS

Where We Are We have received an introduction to Godrej HiCares business. We are now ready to begin learning what are the pests of urban environment and where do they fit into the various markets segments which our company serves? This section reviews: 1. What are the pests of Urban, Industrial, Post Harvest and Non-Agricultural Communities 2. What are the various market segments of Urban and Industrial pest management? Objective The learner will be able to: What are the key urban, industrial, post harvest and non-agricultural pests? How to identify various market segments of Godrej HiCare Pest Management Services? Benefits Customer Communication, Service based on broader knowledge of pest management; understand major market segments and related pests offer/sell more services to clients than just contracted services or pesticide application This section is approximately 11/2 hour (90 minutes) long, not including breaks. Urban Pest IdentificationSequence This! Flip Charts Markers 3X5 Index cards and tape, or 3X5 sticky notes (at least 20) 27 TV with VHS and DVD Player Desktop or Laptop Computer with access to Internet and Intranet

Overview

Duration Activities Resources

Pests of Urban and Industrial Environments Activity - Good & Bad Bugs Separate These!
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Divide the participants into four groups. Distribute Good and Bad Bugs cards to each group. Ask them to separate Good and Bad Bug cards: Tell them that they will be required to separate the Good and Bad Bugs and display them for all to see. Then tell them that they will have to explain to the class why these. Allow 5 minutes. Do not offer assistance. If asked, say you are prohibited from helping for now. Note: It is expected that each group will view the bugs differently. This will validate the fact that a not all the bugs are pests and one has to evaluate the threshold of presence of once species within one given environment. This point must not be communicated at this time. Tell the participants that they will not be allowed to interrupt the speaker. Ask for a volunteer to go first, then another, and another, until all four groups have explained their display. Note: Do not allow discussion between presentations, as there may be disagreement regarding the sequences. Debrief with the following discussion.

8.

9.

What is a pest? Lecture Lets talk about what just happened. Pests are living organisms that occurs where they are not wanted. A pest is an organism that interferes with the availability, quality, or value of a managed resource. Pests compete with people for food and Pests are not pests because of what fiber, interfere with they are (bedbug, yellowjacket), but crop production, what they do (suck blood, sting) damage ornamental plantings, transmit plant or animal disease, or are generally a nuisance. Any organism can conceivably become a pest under some circumstances. Pest status is achieved when the population or activity of an organism conflicts with human needs or values. Successful pests often have strong competitive abilities and the capacity to reproduce rapidly over a short time span or under special conditions. They have the ability to adapt to uncertain and variable environments and have strong dispersal and host finding capabilities.

American Cockroach

Honey bee

Wasp

Bed bugs

How are pests classified? Pests can be classified as key pests, occasional pests, or secondary pests. Key pests are those that may cause major damage on a regular basis unless controlled. Occasional pests are those that become intolerable only irregularly, often due to climate, environmental influences, or as a result of human activities. Secondary pest problems occur as result of actions taken to control a key pest. Damage may be caused by biotic factors (living organism animal, bacteria, fungi, plants etc.) or abiotic factors (physical, mechanical, environmental conditions etc.). A few examples are as follows:

Invertebrates

Arthropods

Mollusks Nematodes

Biotic Factors

Insects, Mites Spiders Sowbugs, Pillbugs, centipedes, millipedes, Symphylans, spiders, mites, ticks, cockroaches, termites, wood boring beetles, fleas, lice, mites, ticks, bedbugs, kissing bugs, carpet beetles, webbing cloth moth, furniture beetles, hide beetle, ants, wasps, hornets, bees, confused flour beetle, Indian meal moth, warehouse moth, sawtooth grain beetle, Drainfly, housefly, Blowflies, Fruitfly, Phorid fly, gnats, midges, mosquitoes, bedbugs, wasp, hornets, bees etc. Snails, Slugs Plant nematodes, Animal nematodes e.g. stem nematode, stubby root nematode, stunt nematode, rice root nematode, potato rot nematode, lesion nematode, ring nematode, root knot nematode, see-gall nematode, spiral nematode, foliar nematode, dagger nematode, cyst nematode, citrus nemtode e.g. Canine heartworm, Filariasis nematode, hookworm, pig lungworm, pinworm

Vertebrates

Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals

Weeds

Plant Pathogens

Human Pathogens

Animal Pathogens

Grasses Broadleaf Herbaceous plants Shrubs Trees Fungi Bacteria Virus Viroids Phytoplasmas Fungus Bacteria Virus Fungus Bacteria Virus

Snakes Pigeon, Sparrow, Starlings (Myna), Crows Commensal rats & mice, voles, bats, skunks, muskrats, possums, rabbits, ground squirrels, moles, pocket gophers, Insert example from India Insert example from India Insert example from India Insert example from India Insert example from India Insert example from India Insert example from India Insert example from India Insert example from India Insert example from India Insert example from India Insert example from India Insert example from India Insert example from India Insert example from India Scrapie disease in swine (Flies are vector of Scrapie), Mad Cow disease in Cattle

Prion

Human activity Nutrient deficiency Low & High Temperature Toxic levels of salt, herbicides or other pesticides Air pollution Too little or too much water

Abiotic Factors

Compact soil, change in soil grade Injure trunks or roots

What are the important pests (Invertebrates and Vertebrates) of urban and industrial environments? More than a million species of animals have been discovered and named. However, not all organisms found in crops, forests, or landscapes are pests. A great many of them are extremely valuable to man, and human society could not exist in its present form without them. For example: By their pollinating activities they make possible the production of many agricultural crops, including many orchard fruits, clovers, vegetables, cotton etc.; They provide us with honey, beeswax, silk, and other products of commercial value; They serve as the food of many birds, fish, and other useful animals including humans; They help to keep harmful animals and plants in check; They have been useful in medicine and in scientific research; and They are looked upon as interesting animals by people in all walks of life

House fly

Flour beetle

Most of the animal and plant species that fall within the urban, industrial, post harvest and non-agriculture pest management domain as pests are of no consequence to area being managed. For many pest species, a few individuals or light damage can be tolerated. However, a few insects, related arthropods, vertebrates, reptiles and poisonous plants are harmful and cause

enormous losses each year in agriculture crops, stored products, and the health of man and animals.

House mouse

Norway rat

The commercial urban pest management is people-related. It includes pests in yards, homes, schools, office buildings, hospitals, restaurants, food processing plants, distribution centers, pharmaceutical plants, industrial workplaces etc., and wherever pests that affect public health are found. It also applies to pests of non-agriculture areas such as urban turf and landscapes, parks and recreational areas, right of ways, ponds, and lakes etc., some of which lie outside the densely populated urban environment. Commercial business related to pest control advisory role in agriculture is very limited in India and is often managed by experts from agricultural universities and pesticide industry. Pest Management is a very wide area to cover all pests under one umbrella. For the purpose of our discussion, in this chapter we will only cover Invertebrate and vertebrate pests of interest to Godrej HiCare Pest Management Services. Major Pests of urban and industrial importance are categorized as follows: Wood destroying pests Carpenter ants, Carpenter bees, Termites, Wood-boring beetles, Wood-decay fungi, Wood wasps and Horntails Food, fabric and nuisance Ants, Booklice (Psocids), Boxelder pests bugs, Carpet beetles, Centipedes, Clothes moths, Cockroaches, 9

Firebrats, Flies, Food storage pests, Fungus Gnats, Shore flies, March flies, Horsehair worms, Midges, Mud Daubers, Pantry Pests, Silverfish, Springtails, Wind scorpion Pests that sting, bite or Ant (Red Imported Fire Ant), Ants, injure Bedbugs, Bee and Wasp, Conenose bugs, Fleas, Flies, Head Lice, Kissing bugs, Mites, Mosquitoes, Paper Wasps, Scorpions, Spiders, Ticks, Yellowjackets Occasional Invaders Boxelder bugs, Cicadas, Clover mites, Crickets, Earthworms, Earwigs, Ground beetles, Millipedes, Lady beetles, Pillbugs, Plaster and fungus beetles, Sowbugs, Slugs and Snails Vertebrate pests Ground squirrels, Cliff Swallows, House Mouse, Lizards, Moles, Opossum, Pigeons, Pocket gophers, Raccoons, Snakes, Rats (Norway, Bandicoot), Skunks, Sparrows, Starlings (Myna), Tree squirrels, Voles (Meadow Mice), Poisonous Plants Poison Oak, Sumac

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PESTS OF URBAN ENVIRONMENTS

Cricket

Sowbug

10

Ticks

11

Centipede

12

Black widow spider

13

Termites

14

Clover mite

15

Fruit Fly16

11

Drain fly

17

Snail18

Pigeon

19

Sparrow

20 21

Starling

(Myna)

PESTS OF URBAN ENIRONMENTS

What are the Key Market segments of importance to Godrej HiCare? Based on the pest mentioned above, the key market segments of importance to Godrej HiCare pest management services business include: Private residences (houses), Apartments-Societies complexes, and Residential Property Management Hospitals Office buildings and other Commercial Property Management Educational Institutions (Schools, Universities etc.) Recreational Properties (Multiplex, Clubs) Hospitality (Hotels & Resorts) Hospitality (Restaurants) Retail Food (Grocery stores, Supermarkets) Retail Nonfood Food Manufacturing, Distribution 12

Pharmaceutical Manufacturing and other related regulated industry Dairy, Poultry and Animal Farms, Coops, slaughter houses and processing plants Industrial Nonfood (Example: High Tech, Refinery) Transportation (Railway, Bus Stations, Airports) Communitywide Pest (Mosquitoes, Rodent) abatement programs/projects (Tenders/contracts) Government Institutional tenders Offices, Correctional facilities, Embassy, Food & Non-Food Storage facilities,

Skill Check: Pests of Urban and Industrial Environments

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RELATED LINKS

American cockroach www.insectimages.org Honey bee www.insectimages.org 3 Wasp www.insectimages.org 4 Bed bug www.insectimages.org 5 House fly life stages www.insectimages.org 6 Flour beetle www.insectimages.org 7 House mouse http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7483.html 8 Norway rat, courtesy US Fish & Wildlife 9 Cricket www.insectomages.org 10 Sowbug www.insectimages.org 11 Ticks www.insectimages.org 12 Centipede www.insectimages.org 13 Black widow spider www.insectimages.org 14 Termites www.insectimages.org 15 Clover mite http://lancaster.unl.edu/pest/resources/CloverMites312.shtml 16 Fruit fly (ZS) 17 Drain fly (ZS) 18 Snail http://www.backyardnature.net/snail&sl.htm 19 Pigeon (ZS) 20 Sparrow (ZS) 21 Starling (ZS)

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