SUMMER INTERNSHIP REPORT MBA 2010-2012

Catchment Analysis Identifications of Hotspots in Tricity at O-Zone Network Pvt Ld.

Project Guide Prof. Dr. Sandhir Sharma

Submitted By Anil Singh Rawat M100700007

Chitkara University Baddi, H.P

Section B: Summer Project Undertaken

Contents 1. Title of the Project undertaken 2. Need & Objectives of the Project 3. Critical literature review 4. Research Methodology adopted 5. Details of actual work undertaken 6. Interpretation & analysis 7. Findings of the Study 8. Implications of the Study 9. Recommendations made 10. Benefits likely to accrue to the Company 11. limitation 12. Proposed implementation Methodology. 13. Suggestions regarding further scope of work. 14. References & Bibliography.

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1. Project - Catchment Analysis Identification of Hotspots in Tricity.

Catchment Analysis.

Challenges there of. Customer profiling and perceptual mapping of customers of wifi users, Tricity via

a.) Structured Questionnaire

b ) Analysis

2. Need and objective of the Project.

The term Catchment Analysis in Service format gives deep insight of Demographic and Geographic detail of the city. The study tells which area to be focused more with insight of dominant communities in that area, No. of internet users, Convenience in reaching the Restaurants by Private mode (Convenient / Not convenient/ok), Convenience in reaching the Restaurants by Public mode of Transportation mode (Convenient / Not convenient/ok), competition analysis, SWOT analysis. In which we analyze the internet using habits at commercial places of the customer of that area and do the complete analysis of competitors, which gives an idea about the scope of Wifi Hotspot in that particular area. It also helps to device the Marketing Strategies on the basis of market research done.

2.1 Objective of Project Catchment Analysis To study the Demographic and Geographic details of that location. To study the awareness about the wi-fi locations/Hotspots in the Tricity. To study the internet using pattern of the customer at commercial places. To device the strategy of launching the Hotspots.

3. Literature Review
1. INTRODUCTION The last years have seen a strong expansion of Wireless LAN hotspots around the world. As with all new and upcoming businesses, the enabling business models are evolving in parallel with the application of new technology by current or new players. Hotspot uses as support technology WiFi (Wireless Fidelity). Related to this technology it is important to identify some organizations (e.g. Wi-Fi Alliance) as well as some standards (e.g. IEEE 802.11). The Wi-Fi Alliance, formerly known as the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA), was established in 1999 to certify interoperability of Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) products and to promote Wi-Fi as the global wireless LAN standard across all market segments. (www.wi-fi.org) 802.11b (which evolved from 802.11) is a standard that implements data rates of 11 Mbps in the 2.4 GHz ISM (industrial, scientific, and medical) band. IEEE 802.11b is a technical specification issued by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) that defines the operation of 2.4 GHz, 11 Mbps, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum. Wireless Local Area Networks. IEEE 802.11a, is a standard that implements data rates of 54 Mbps in the 5 GHz U-NII (Unified National Information Infrastructure) band. Hotspots provide high-speed wireless Internet access in public locations such as airports, airline clubs and restaurants. Using either a laptop or PDA that is Wi-Fi 802.11b wirelessly-enabled, customers can surf the Internet or check email. So one should not confuse hotspots with wireless LANs. Hotspots use WLANs for a public service offering for a monthly fee. Analysts have questioned business model and economics of public hotspots, but a detailed analyzed must be performed. In the following section, we present a literature review. Based in this literature review we developed a hot-spot infrastructure model, decomposed in a set of areas: Network Infrastructure, Agents, Location, Users and Security. This model was then used to analyze reality. 915 IADIS International Conference WWW/Internet 2004

2. BUSINESS MODEL As exposed by Linder & Cantrell (2001), most people speak about business models when they really only mean parts of a business model. According to Osterwalder & Pigneur (2002) the existing business model literature essentially attacks one, two or all of the following three elements, which make up a Business Model: Revenue and product aspects, business actor and network aspects and finally, marketing specific aspects. Timmers (1998) defines a business model as an architecture for the product, service and information flows, including a description of the various business actors and their roles; and a description of the potential benefits for the various actors; and description of the sources of revenues. Tapscott et al. (2000) defined the concept of business webs (b-webs), which are inventing new value propositions, transforming the rules of competition, and mobilizing people and resources to unprecedented levels of performance. A b-web is a distinct system of suppliers, distributors, commerce service providers, and customers that use the Internet for their primary business communications and transactions. Within this framework, those authors identified five types of B-Webs: Agora, Aggregation Value Chain, Alliance and Distribute Network. According to sterwalder and Pigneur (2002), a business model is nothing else than a description of the value a company offers to one or several segments of customers and the architecture of the firm and its network of partners for creating, marketing and delivering this value and relationship capital, in order to generate profitable and sustainable revenues streams. More specifically, they consider a business model as the conceptual and architectural implementation (blueprint) of a business strategy and represents the foundation for the implementation of business processes and information systems. Research related to business models ranges from business model definitions, components, taxonomies, design tools, change methodologies to evaluation measures (Table 1). Table 1. Business model authors list

Definition Taxonomy Components Representative Tools Ontological Models Change Methodology Evaluation Measure Afuah and Tucci, 2003 x x x Alt and Zimmermann, 2001 x x Amit and Zott, 2001 x Aparicio et al., 2004 x x x Applegate, 2001 x x Chesbrough and Rosenbloom, 2000 x Gordijn, 2002 x x x x Hamel, 2000 x x Hawkins, 2001 x Li, 2001 x Linder and Cantrell, 2000 x x x x Magretta, 2002 x x Mahadevan, 2000 x Maitland and Van de Kar, 2002 x Nath et al., 2001 x Osterwalder and Pigneur, 2002 x x x Papakiriakopoulos and Poulymenakou, 2001 x Peterovic, et al. 2001 x x x Rappa, 2001 x x Salden, et al, 2003 x x Sharpe,2000 x Sthler, 2002 x Tapscott et al., 2000 x x x x Timmers, 1998 x x Verhoosel et al., 2003 x x Weill and Vitale, 2001 x x x x 916 BUSINESS MODELS FOR HOTSPOT AN EXPLORATORY STUDY Summarizing, some researchers identify the Business Model as a pure business concept that explains the logic of making business for a firm, while some others consider it as a link between strategy, business processes and information systems. While in the first interpretation the three concepts of Strategy, Business Processes and Information Systems are included in the description of Business Model, the second interpretation considers them as inter-linked components set in different levels of a pyramid. In this case, a business model is considered as the conceptual and architectural implementation (blueprint) of a business strategy and represents the foundation for the implementation of business processes and information systems. In What concerns traditional industries, special emphais was given to the banking industry (Li, 2001, Nath et al., 2001, Sharp, 2001, Antunes e Costa, 2003). 3. HOTSPOT BUSINESS MODELS In the context of WLAN hotspots, several business models may be proposed. It is in this context that Salden, et al. (2003) and Verhoosel et al. (2003) proposed a generic business model for WLAN hotspots that comprises a role, resource and revenue model of a value network. They distinguish roles like customer, hotspot provider, hotspot owner, device owner, device provider, location owner, portal providers (e.g internet service providers, corporate network providers), enabling service

providers (e.g. authentication and authorization), network management and maintenance providers, and mobile and data network providers. Based in this perspective, a hotpot infrastructure model composed of main resources (access points, places, endpoints, Internet service, security service) as well as main roles (user, AP manager, AP engineer, AP Owner and Place Owner) may accommodate several business model associated with hot spot management. Those components, that were based in Salden, et al. (2003) and Verhoosel et al. (2003), and complemented with interviews to experts involved in the business, were then re-arranged in the following components: - Infrastructures Network, including Endpoint Devices and Access Point; - Location, including Place and Place Owner; - Agents, including Access Point Managers, Owners and Engineers as well as Internet Service Providers - Users, including Users but also de Access; - Security, including the Security Service. In order to better understand this reality, we started by collecting information about Portugal and Portuguese hotspots in the most important advertisement sites of hotspots, as well as in the sites of some of the most important Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISP): www.hotspotportugal.pt, www.jiwire.com, www.ptwireless.pt, www.voldafone.pt, supplemented with the news. This work was performed in 2003, being reported in Aparicio et al., 2004. After extensive work of data analysis, an empirical study consisting of use of wireless devices (PDA and PC) and the use of WISP services and helpdesk services was performed. This work has the following conclusions: - Existing hotspots are not universal in terms of technology supported; - There is a huge difference between advertisement and hotspot implementation; - Support by helpdesk of ISP and GSM/UMTS service providers is very weak. This lead to a second level of conclusions: - Hotspot is not a major product/business for the main ISP or GSM/UMTS operators; - Hotspot is being used as an advertisement too by the government and universities; - Major ISP or GSM/UMTS operators are using Hotspot as a competition weapon to avoid the development of small service providers and private wireless networks. 4. CONCLUSION In this paper, we analyze the literature review and identified hot spots models. Based in those models and in of interviews, we produced a hotspot infrastructures model. Then, we analyzed the information of the main public hotspot in order to improve this model. The next step consists of identifying the business models related to hotspot. 917 IADIS International Conference WWW/Internet 2004.

4. RESEARCH DESIGN
The research design is the conceptual structure within which research is conducted; it constitutes the blueprint for the collection, measurement and analysis of data. The present research being conducted followed Exploratory Research as the research process is flexible and unstructured to check the awareness of Hotspots among the internet users. Sample is small and non-representative. The problem of Hotspots primary data is qualitative. Sampling design 1.) Population: Population is the finite number of elements which the researcher is going to target in a particular area. All the internet users are taken as population. has been defined. Analysis of

2.) Sample unit: Sampling Unit is the single unit of the population. It comprises of internet users with age group of 15-50 years of below 12 class, graduates and post graduates. 3.) Sample size: Sampling size refers to total number of respondents targeted for collecting the data for the research .The size of the sample chosen for the research is small it restricted to 70 respondents. 4.) Sampling technique: The sampling technique used for the research is nonprobability sampling techniques. Among the various types of nonprobability sampling techniques convenience sampling is used. It is an attempt to obtain a sample of convenient elements. Students and working people are selected as respondents because they happen to be convenient source for getting the information. It is also less expensive and time consuming. 5.) Scope of the research: The scope of the study is to get the first hand knowledge about the awareness of internet users towards hotspots. The research is limited to the tricity i.e. Chandigarh, Panchkula and Mohali. Data collection: The source of data collection will be both primary as well as secondary. Primary data will be collected through schedules. Dichotomous, rating and multiple choice questions will be asked in the schedule and secondary data will be collected from published data and computerized database. Published data is collected from the business journals. Computerised data is collected through internet which includes numeric and fully text based database. Research Methodology Adopted Administered Questionnaire Interviewing people - Interviews were taken of internet users on the basis of which Market Research has been done. Market Research Sample size taken 70 Consumer. No. of Questions - 20.
th

Questionnaire contains customer profiling, consumers Internet surfing habits, and information of the hotspots in the tricity. The analysis done is as follows.

Result of survey done on consumer behavior and surfing habit is as follows: It consist of Questionnaire

Customer Profiling Customer Loyalty Competition Feed back (Positive & negative) Range Gap Qualitative analysis

5. Detail of actual work undertaken

Catchment study It was done in Tricity, it consist of following activities.

Listings of all the internet users. Catchment areas : Tricity areas & areas b/w 5 10 kms of range Internet users wheather using internet daily, weekly, forthnightly or monthly basis. Population mix in each segment along with the qualification background. Internet using habits Identification of users. Identification of Competitors along with the mapping of their Products, Prices and promotion part. Also cover the SWOT analysis'

Survey was done to know internet using habits, surfing internet pattern, etc: like: whether you surf internet for entertainment or for some need?

6. Interpretation and Analysis

Sample Size Sample size taken was 70 administered questionnaires consist of customer profiling with demography detail and their Internet surfing habits. Demographic Details of internet users:

Age Group

15.1 - 25 years old

32% 68%

25.1 - 35 years old 35.1 and above

0%
Fig - 1 Interpretations : Majority of customers surveyed were the youngsters. Majority of customer surveyed were of age group 15-25 years. And followed by 25-35 age group people.

Gender

42% 58%

Male

Fig: 2 Interpretations : Majority of Respondents are Male Category around 58%.

Qualification wise

3% 42%
55%
Below 12th Class 12th class Graduate Post graduate

Fig: 03 Interpretations : Majority of respondents are Graduate around 55%, when categories as per qualification wise. Then Postgraduate lie at number second followed by 42%. All this analysis shows that our research got the target consumer who has some kind of awareness of internet and its use.

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Profession Wise
3% 15%

82%

Bussinessman Working Person Student Any other 0%

Fig: 04 Interpretations : When categories according to their profession majority of the respondent belongs to student category i.e 82 %. After that 15 % of category belongs to working professionals Its mean our research is much more restricted to student category.

Location Wise
15% 9%

Chandigarh Panchkula
61%

15%

Mohali

Fig: 5 Interpretations : Majority of Respondents i.e 61% belongs to Chandigarh Location, which is the main crowded place in the tricity. Very little number of respondent from Mohali only 9%, but response from Panchkula and nearby area found little bit good i.e 15% as comparatively to Mohali.

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Research Question

Internet User
0%

Yes
100%

No

Fig- 6 Interpretations : 100 % respondent are user of Internet.

Frequency of surfing Internet

6%
Daily. Once in a weak.

Forthnightly

94%

Monthly

Fig 7
Interpretations : Majority of the respondents i.e 94% uses internet on daily basis. A very little percentage of population from the respondents use internet in weekly basis.

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Reason of Surfing
0% 39% 51% 10% Bussiness Related College/school assignments/office work Social networking sites Any Other like onling shoping, searching products etc. Interpretations : Majority of population 51% uses internet for their school and college assignment belongs to school/colleges going youngsters. 39% of the respondents uses internet for social networking/connectivity with their knowns one and friends. A very little no of populations use internet for their business purposes around 10% only.

Places of Surfing the Internet

6% 16% Office. 78% In college/University. At some Other commercial places like restaurants, Hotels, Malls, gyms, Spa Saloons etc. Internet Cafe.

Fig - 8 Interpretations : 78% of the population like to surf internet in their college/university campus. As majority of the internet user is from student category thus they have an easy access to internet in their college/university. After that comes those people who uses internet in their offices only 16%. 6% uses internet at some other commercial places.

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People likes Surfing Net while Roaming 31% 69%

Yes No

Fig Interpretations : Majority of the population around 69% said that they would not like to surf internet while roaming with friends. Because they dont want to make their friends feel that they are ignoring them, and some of them said that when they are enjoying with their friends they dont want any disturbances in between. Only 31% of populations ready to surf internet while roaming here and there. They want to be updated on various news or on some other matter, no issue whether they are busy or in some work.

Awareness about Hotspots in Tricity

47% 53%

Yes No

Fig

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Interpretations : 53% of the population are aware about the hotspot facilities in the city. And its use at local places. 47% of the respondents dont know about the hotspot in the city. As they never tried to find out any hotspot in the city.

Reason of Non Awareness of Hotspots Locations

You dont understand Hotspots & its role in surfing the internet 19% You heard it but ignored 48%

You never heard about this. 33%

FigInterpretations :When asked them about the reason of their non awareness. Then it is found that. Majority of the population heard it but ignored. Around 33% of them had not heard about hoptpots and its services. 19% of them dont understand hotspot and its facilities.

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Preference of surfing Net - Commercial Places

34% 66% Yes No

Reason of Non Preferences

20%

40%

Lack of Hotspots/availability of resources. Lack of trust.

40%

Lack of ipones, laptop & other electronic gadgets etc.

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Any Experience of Hotspot

31%
Yes

69%

No

Satisfaction from Hotspots

41% 59%
Yes No

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Potential Benefits of Hotspots

9% 13% 41%
Time Saving Ease of availability

Economical

25% 12%
Fast Service

Longlasting surfing time. ( surf net upto validity period of your internet coupans )

Grievances Faced

11% 42% 47%

Payment Problem.

0%

Browsing Speed Problem. Network Security Problem. Shorter time durations of Coupans.

Suggestion/Improvement I would like to be added -: coupons with good time duration and improvement in browsing speedstrong signal is required at hotspots to make users satisfied.

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 More speed,easy access.nil more speedHotspots as understood should be made available everywhere so that it is easier to stay connected at good connection speed It should be available easily and with better speed speed of internet these are not easy available.they should be more secureI

OPINION- Awareness of Hotspot in Tricity

16% 37% Agree Disagree 47% Neutral

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OPINION-Wastag of money/cost adding services

16% 34% Agree Disagree 50% Neutral

OPINION- Preferences of Hotspot

34% 47% Agree Disagree Neutral 19%

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OPINION- Hotspots are a better option for surfing the internet

38% 50% Agree Disagree Neutral 12%

OPINION-Hotspots are secure

25%

53% 22%

Agree Disagree Neutral

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OPINION- Hotspot are Time saving

38% 50% Agree Disagree Neutral 12%

OPINION- Easily availabile

31%

31%

Agree Disagree Neutral 38%

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OPINION- Cost benefit

37%

41% Agree Disagree Neutral 22%

OPINION- Quality of service is good

31%

53%

Agree Disagree 16% Neutral

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OPINION- Problem of hidden fees

41%

47% Agree Disagree Neutral 12%

OPINION- More Browising speed of Hotspots as compared to 3G

28%

53% 19%

Agree Disagree Neutral

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Those who like to surf internet at commercial places like restaurants, malls, gyms etc. they gave the reason for this. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Time utilisation. Would like to stay connected Internet is todays market need , where ever i find opportunity , i go for it To check mail. I will be able to know about what is happening in the town i.e., Current news n events n connected with my social net. friends.. telling then where i am...? what i am doing? facebook addiction. It keeps us updated in regard to emails.

Those who dont like to surf internet at commercial places like restaurants, malls, gyms etc. they gave the reason for this. 1. I dont think its secure. 2. I don't find it useful if am busy with other things 3. Because of No Time constraint 4. I prefer to listen music 5. I give time to the person, i am with and not to internet. 6. Because i dont have the means u use internet at such places. 7. No interest because am with my friends. 8. No specific reason 9. That time not possible because mind is diverted i cant do. 10. Dont want to leave my enjoyment because i am with my friends and dont want to do other things 11. Because i dont have internet access...... if i would have had access then i would have definitely used it while shopping etc..

When asked to recall any hotspot provider company advertisement. 1. Airtel.

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Interviews were taken of internet users on the basis of which Market Research has been done. In this part we analyze the target consumers. In this analysis we do analysis of following: Customer Profiling It consist of customer name with age , address , contact, family members, profession, vehicle owned, house owned, qualification, family income p.m. It tells us which class of customer visiting to the store and from which location customer is coming. Customer Loyalty It checks how often customer visit the Hotspot or other internet surfing source (Almost daily/Weekly/Monthly/Occasionally/Seldom). And how many customer visiting the store first time and which location these customers are coming from. Competition It checks if customer dont use hotspots then where he/she is going for using internet? Who are the competitors and what are the reasons customer mostly prefer to surf from there? Feedback It consist of positive and negative feedback of customer about hotspot, what they like most and what they dont like about hotspot. Range Gap It tells the range gap at hotspot, about the services which are not available at hotspot but customers are looking for.

Qualitative Analysis It does the qualitative analysis of quantitative things. There was scale of 1-5 on which customer had to rate the following parameters. As 1 is considered to be lowest and 5 is considered to be highest. Ease of Availability Economical Time Saving Fast Service Long lasting surfing time. Ease of surfing internet.

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Analysis Majority of customers coming from Chandigarh followed by Panchkula and Mohali. Majority of the people survey were of age group of 15-25years, followed by age group of 25-35years

7. Findings Majority of the customer visiting Hotspot is coming 1 time to the surf the internet, Although they use internet on regular basis at their home or in office/college, as they think Hotspot as a hypermarket which has everything under one roof, good ambiance, food, watching movies more options while purchasing and travelling with good offers. Customer need secure network and more coupan timings. 8. Implication: It is better to take more slots on Cable TV and on more channels instead of spending on posters, as getting the posters print and then execution in the city is very costly. Whereas TV commercials covers population of the city as well as surroundings.
st

9. Recommendation Made Marketing Strategy Pricing Using variant price coupan to attract consumer, Once organization has established a relation with consumer via variant price services , organization can sell additional, high-margin services that enhance the consumer's interaction with the low-cost product or service So pricing should be taken care of very carefully to capture the maximum share of market, because in Tricity consumer think about price as well as quality.

Promotion Best way of promotion in Tricity is Advertisement in local cable TV. Mostly watched cable channel is Siti channel and sky Tv.

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Hoardings and Banners on main locations of the city , Promotion on Busy Markets , bus stand and mall road .

By sending the promotional message to the resident of city and surrounding areas through telecom companies.

In Short and Other than this After our time with the company we have come up with few recommendations which we think if company pays attention to can attain a good market in this segment. The company should be ready to compromise a bit on price and services offered if the customer is a potential customer and especially someone who can bring along with him some new customers. Bring up the plans and services which can suite to different locations so that we dont miss out on locations such as hotels which have a huge potential to be our prime customers. Get a permanent location/office address in a city like Lucknow where the company wants to grow so that customers/clients have a faith in the name of company while they try out for the companys service. Reduction in pricing for only Wi-Fi connection the competitors in market like Tikonaetc. provide the same Wi-Fi service at about 10% of our cost thus they have a big advantage here. Also some companies have a fixed lifetime cost for the service which our company doesnt have. Aggressive marketing through promotion & advertisement activities. If any customer is interested in legal agreement of more than 2 to 3 years then they should be charged less as compare to those customers who do not want legal compulsion. Different plans should be offered for cybercaf. Like providing Static IP to owner.

10. Benefits likely to accure to the company. 1.) Company will not have to spend money on media of communication which are less effective. 2.) On the basis of research company can make strategies to make their services better and serve their customer better. 3.) Company will be able to work on their weak parts as knowledge of their employees.

Learnings During our internship at O-Zone Networks we were able to generate a lot of learnings about the market, consumer behaviour, our product services and how to convince our customers showing them our positives. Some of our learnings can be summarized as below :

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1. The wifi market is a very niche market and attracting customers to take the service requires a lot of effort as in many cases we had also to create awareness regarding the internet and wifi facilities and how they are useful.

2. It is very difficult to convince people on business front unless you show them some financial benefits and that too in a small amount of time, i.e you need to show them how their investment is going to bring him much bigger financial benefits in the near future.

3. Some consumers just dont want to upgrade on the services they already have, for them changing their mindset is again very difficult. 4. The market is filled with people (owners of locations etc) who dont have any time to listen to you unless you have that skill to show them that you are there for their benefits and talking to you provides that person a very good use of time. 5. Sometimes you can generate interest in people even after they have almost ignored you and your talks , this happened with us in some cases where we were able to generate interest in locations where the earlier team was said no, through our convincing power , so you need to keep that never say die attitude always on, even when things are not going same way as you want them to go.

6. The company since being new in the market and in the segment and also since the demand being less may have to vary lots of its services and the cost at which they are provided without which it is very difficult for the company to establish itself in the market.

7. We always need to follow up on the locations which we approach because it is we who have to get our service accepted, even if the customer forgets to get back to us, this also creates a good perception in the mind of customer with respect to this.

8. O-Zone Networks probably has that potential to complete its target of 50k hotspots in the country and that dream can be accomplished but a lot of hard work need to be put in by the company both for the sale of their service and in creating awareness on the need of internet and wifi in the upcoming future.

11. Limitation
1.) Reliable source is not available.

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2.) 3.) 4.)

I am a student so it is difficult to get response. Primary and secondary source of data is not easily available. As the study was to be completed in a short time, the time factor acted as a considerable limit on the scope and the extensiveness of the study.

5.)

The information provided by respondents may not be fully accurate due to unavoidable biases.

6.)

Research is restricted to Tricity only.

12. Proposed Implementation Methodology

1.) O-zone is needed to create a buzz in the market so that people become aware of the Hotspots which helps in branding of the company and products. Awareness programs should be organized in malls and apartments which people can get aware of the company . Costing- In Central mall, Kishanghad the rent for the place is 3000 rs on week days and 5000 rs on weekends. this program can be hosted by the intern candidates to optimize cost.

2.) If Hotel Rooms along with restaurant can be covered, it will give O-zone an edge over the other competitor in the market because till date other companys only provide router/modem which are less costly and do not have secure connection. 3.) Special team should be provided for after sales services, who look after the customers and take time to time feedback. 4.) There should be 24X7 helpline service which will help customers to get aid on time for their problems. 5.) Company can provide an attractive offers to customer for the reference of new customer e.g. Giving 500 cards free for few month instead of 200. For fixed plan customers get few month subscription . For Rev share, customers can take 100% revenue for few months.

The offer should be variable for e.g. For 2 converted reference 3 months subscription free. For 5 converted reference- 6 months

13. Suggestion
Coupons with good time duration upto 1 hour time duration. Improvement in browsing speed.

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 Strong signal is required at hotspots to make users satisfied. More speed & easy access. Hotspots as understood should be made available everywhere so that it is easier to stay connected at good connection speed. They should be more secure Nominal charges.

12. References and Bibliogrophy.

1.) Afuah, A. and Tucci, C., 2003. Internet Business Models and Strategies. Boston, McGraw Hill. 2.) Alt, R. and Zimmermann, H. 2001. Introduction to Special Section Business Models. Electronic Markets Vol. 11No.1. 3.) pp. 39. 4.) Amit, R. and Zott C. 2001. Value creation in e-business. Strategic Management Journal. Vol. 22 No. 6-7. pp. 493-520. 5.) Antunes, A and Costa, C. 2003 Estratgias de eBanking em Portugal Actas da Conferncia IADIS Ibero-Americana 6.) WWW/INTERNET 2003, Faro Nov. 2003, IADIS, pp.269-270. 7.) Aparicio, M. et al. 2004. In Search of a Business Model for Hotspot WESEAS Transactions on Computers; Issue 3, 8.) Volume 3, July,. pp. 789-794. 9.) Applegate, L., 2001. E-business Models: Making sense of the Internet business landscape. In G. Dickson et al. (eds.). 10.) Information Technology and the Future Enterprise: New Models for Managers. Upper Saddle River, N.J., Prentice 11.) Hall. 12.) Chesbrough, H. and Rosenbloom, R., 2000. The Role of the Business Model in capturing value from Innovation: 13.) Evidence from XEROX Corporations Technology Spinoff Companies. Boston, Massachusetts, Harvard Business 14.) School. 15.) Gordijn, J., 2002. Value-based Requirements Engineering - Exploring Innovative eCommerce Ideas. Amsterdam, NL, 16.) Vrije Universiteit. 17.) Hamel, G., 2000. Leading the revolution. Boston, Harvard Business School Press. 18.) Hawkins, R., 2001. The Business Model as a Research Problem in Electronic Commerce, SPRU Science and 19.) Technology Policy Research. 20.) Li, F., 2001. The Internet and the De-Construction of the Integrated Banking Model, British Journal of Management ,Vol 21.) 12, pp. 307-322. 22.) Linder, J. and Cantrell, S., 2000. Changing Business Models: Surveying the Landscape, Working Paper, Accenture 23.) Institute for Strategic Change. 24.) Magretta, J., 2002. Why Business Models Matter. Harvard Business Review Vol. 80 No.5. pp 86-92.

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