Radiator type Air to Water Heat Exchangers In this type, one fluid is a gas (more commonly, air) and

the other a low pressure liquid (more commonly, water) and are readily separable after the energy exchange. In either cooling of liquid (water) or humidification of gas (air) applications, liquid partially evaporates and the vapor is carried away with the gas. In these exchangers, more than 90% of the energy transfer is by virtue of mass transfer (due to the evaporation of the liquid), and convective heat transfer is a minor mechanism. A wet (water) cooling tower with forced or natural-draft airflow is the most common application. Other applications are the air-conditioning spray chamber, spray drier, spray tower, and spray pond.

Applications: 1. Residential Heating and Cooling 2. Apartment Buildings and Condominiums 3. Hybrid Systems 4. Air Conditioning 5. Dehumidification 6. Inverter Cooling 7. Solar Heat Dumps. Advantages: 1. Universal applicability: Horizontal and vertical air guidance 2. No noxious gases in the stable compartment 3. Energy efficient

4. Depending on application/demand, low or high air speeds can be targeted 5. Durable and robust due to high quality components 6. Easy to clean with high-pressure cleaner 7. Equal, radial heat distribution. Tube nest water/water exchanger (Shell and Tube) Two fluids of different temperatures are brought into close contact but they are not mixing with each other. One fluid runs through the tubes, and another fluid flows over the tubes (through the shell) to transfer heat between the two fluids.

Advantages: 1. Less expensive as compared to Plate type coolers 2. Can be used in systems with higher operating temperatures and pressures 3. Pressure drop across a tube cooler is less 4. Tube leaks are easily located and plugged since pressure test is comparatively easy 5. Tubular coolers in refrigeration system can act as receiver also. 6. Using sacrificial anodes protects the whole cooling system against corrosion 7. Tube coolers may be preferred for lubricating oil cooling because of the pressure differential.

Disadvantages: 1. Heat transfer efficiency is less compared to plate type cooler 2. Cleaning and maintenance is difficult since a tube cooler requires enough clearance at one end to remove the tube nest 3. Capacity of tube cooler cannot be increased 4. Requires more space in comparison to plate coolers.

Concentric Tube water/water exchanger (Double-Pipe Heat Exchangers) Is a pipe in pipe heat exchanger commonly known as double pipe heat transfer equipment which is named by its construction because two pipes are pipes are fitted in such way that one pipe is fitted into other inside space. By cross section they look concentric by coaxial view. It is extended to the required length and bent like hair pin shape at the edges to make it fit in particular area. Hot fluid is fed into the inner tube and cold fluid is fed into the space between inner and outer pipes.

Advantages: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Easy in construction Can handle slurries Can be used at low heat transfer areas Cheap Easy cleaning

6. Concurrent and counter current flow can be adjusted easily. Disadvantages: 1. Leakage corners 2. Maintenance is time consuming 3. Occupy more floor space compared to others. Plate type Heat Exchangers Channels are formed between the plates and corner ports are arranged so that the two media flow through alternate channels. The heat is transferred through the thin plate between the channels, and complete counter current flow is created for highest possible efficiency. No intermixing of the media or leakage to the surroundings will take place as gaskets around the edges of the plates seal the unit. The corrugation of the plates provides a suitable passage between the plates, support of each plate against the adjacent one and a strong turbulence resulting in maximum heat transfer efficiency.

Advantages: 1. Simple and compact in size 2. Heat transfer efficiency is more

3. 4. 5. 6.

Can be easily cleaned No extra space is required for dismantling Capacity can be increased by introducing plates in pairs Leaking plates can be removed in pairs, if necessary without replacement 7. Maintenance is simple 8. Turbulent flow helps to reduce deposits which would interfere with heat transfer. Disadvantages: 1. Initial cost is high since Titanium plates are expensive 2. Finding leakage is difficult since pressure test is not as easy as tube coolers 3. Bonding material between plates limits operating temperature of the cooler 4. Pressure drop caused by plate cooler is higher than tube cooler 5. Careful dismantling and assembling to be done 6. Over tightening of the clamping bolts result in increased pressure drop across the cooler 7. Joints may be deteriorated according to the operating conditions 8. Since Titanium is a noble metal, other parts of the cooling system, are susceptible to corrosion.

Alexandria University Faculty of Engineering Mechanical Department

Report of Types of heat exchangers

o Name: Ahmed Mohamed Sobhi Sharaf o Section: 2 o Number: 90