Hill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy (Scan)

1 Introduction
Cardiovascular and
Lymphatic Systems
2 Normal Heart
3 Chronic Valvular Disease
4 Normal Canine Heart
5 Heartworm Disease
6 Normal Canine Heart
7 Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy
8 Normal Feline Heart
9 Fehne Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
1 0 Normal Feline Hearl
11 Feline Dilaled Cardiomyopathy
12 Normal Lymph Node Ahitectur
13 Lymphosrcoma
Digestive System
14 Normal Fehne Dentition
15 Periodontal Disease
16 Normal Canine Dentition
17 Carnassial Toth Abscess
1 8 Normal Stomach
19 Hemorrhagic Gastritis with Ulcers
20 Normal Stomach
21 Gastric Dilatatin w1th Volvulus
22 Normal Small Intestine
23 Foreign Bodies
24 Parvoviral Entcritis
25 Intussusception
26 Normal Canine Colon
27 Chronic Colitis
Contents
I
'
28 Normal Feline Colon
29 Constipation/Colonic Impaction
30 Normal Pancreas
31 Acute Pancreatitis
32 Normal Pancreas
33 Exocrine PancreatiC Insuficiency
3 Normal liver
35 End-Stage liver Disease
36 Normal liver
37 Hepatic Neoplasia
Integumentary System
38 Normal Skin/Perineal Anatomy
39 Anal Sac Abess
40 Skin Abscess
41 Flea-Allergy Dermatitis
Musculoskeletal System
42 Normal Vertebrate/Spinal Cord
4 3 Intervertebral Disk Disease
4 Normal Shoulder
45 Osteochondritis Dlssecans
46 Normal Elbow
47 Ununited Anconeal Process/Panosteitis
48 Normal Hip Joint
49 Hip Dysplasia
50 Normal Rear Leg
51 Femoral Fracture

-
-
-
-
-
-
..
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
o 2 'al Stifle
Kpbred LrnICruciate L08HeD!
b P0fD8 0\
JJ l8le8fLUX3lCD
Respiratory System
M13l NOU\D/IODl P|lW3y
/ODSIlS
CMD|H8L8DDC OOr
CV LC8O5D0f8CDt8
MO|H8 leJeOI8X
FU!HOD8O lOeH8
Urogenital System
8OD MODeV
P KD8 Disease
M CanneKiney
W KeD8 l0|UlC
#UDD3lV 3OOCl
- -eStoe

L800C l0Wl OlD8|VOV5eH

&cUrethral Obstruction
/W81CD lOwel OID8fy LVIeD
7 HDe LCWl O|D8l\ |8L! Disease

'4 M 8 llO5U\e L8DO
0 Post<lic HVOPfO3SJ3
CfC\CV
"
L Y3ST8UOD
7 UHOlS
Special Senses
b MOrmlLnInC lye
V MULC3f Sclerosis/Cataracts
H MDlU8 lCDC LV
^1 lUfOD
MD|H8 llDC LV
o LOlD0 OLl3lDD
lD|H8 l8|DCPDD3|8lUS
> Lll!5 L\ID8CQ0/D!lD3
Parasite Life Cycles
lC8llWCfHS
L!Gld|G
MOOKWCIU5
V VHDWOlH5
V KOUDOWOl05
V I:penoo:r
VZ8DCWOlD5(0`py||'amon/num)
VJ l8S
V4 LkS
V 3G0Olc:
t OemOX
V/ L8)'8I|8|0
V Ear Miles
V9 bCqrDHV
2006 Hill\ l'et Nulrllon, Inc.
Division of Colate-Palmolive Company.
Publish by Verinary Meoinc Publiing Company, In<
All rb rer. Print in Europe.
l
l
I
.

I
I
I
.
.
.
.
.
Introduction
anoter, 00 Uin 1tOlCdpte Dv8
UOsh thin mUmmWdOq
WmMI0l9.L%,we've
m rraphs or hand drawings to L0m0ult!8
mm u 11U. rWVuwU 0Uf a rti i!IC 18$. $mh
ngs an eplanatiOn$ tromler JDDf%|00\0 'ttUl
nt only D0ul specific diagnoses but I>O about de
m 1d wbehind th!raptltlc pans.
M 1 lMU00P IP0MO<RtCDHu0c8 +0 vtt
MU&Ovetmnary pr.Cte. In wtDlUW tt
Dhy Ml`$ l$ prod w present H1 U
WLA^ D tnW0 malias t o
mndlent C0muRlttlD5.
LLh lU1tItl0P lB the lG1 d$ been rlrawn by
profesionl Dtdicd tU5tfI0P. encra!|y. the l8ft -l.Bd
pdntcl5 noMMldtomy, aBd Ue right-hand me
W DaD0Cpresntation A brief O|O6 00:aqnusbt,
wmmNmincded OBBf0hl-D0
e arrangemnt wl m tu M cliet
m dObWy and U\eDlh00y afllg their DU
W MYOmyotap pla v.if ps.b.
tuD Utr pUUDl | hand normal <natwny.
]m5contains ^)ht 'W.Rfe to UOM
p0 fO the DmD0D m O aslg to W
.1DDW color ar placed mwV
1m0bcf$ l l00Oedh DQ LUha
aslgnPd a O0cNtt00fWf#V0|U$e .
Dr]c0O h; bhd810cnx|cUE fu|fJO
thP nvdI tu5lII0B5ahG the 0lUB05lt, therapeutic,
and nutritlorll pl;tns In thP 11/s. Fr am0ieq tah
dIU$tfll0B has ben re 00f00ml0 veterinary
futy tmCwOO Medcine, C
Sll tJnii. AK1 not mW l0 D an
exhaustve rt u dDl00y pathology, W ml'dicin.
l ur DON irD0o LmSu! !he oibl|m|ap W
V 0ltIdit1 informatlo on fCifi dqs. Yr Ht5
CuUntry Ofice Wt alw D RDy\ give you DW8 B0
lnfornol; yOU' 1m itlr co0!C! 0e:+i5 t|eU ! de
bk 0the s
P fOlB5 illustratons 0 !c HOl o~
tuO0ttI0B5 %mCM\tfDU rhereore, :l1O
pl\ in !hc~s you can it dlly 1om:hdm
CttBtedU!I0D.
Hl5 Pet Nutrition, lBt.
Lef venlde
L6l
vcDlN |& v|v6

Hill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy
Normal Heart
|URI v0D||lO0
PKl0DKvEHfl|U|8| v|vE
LH0|OICPOl0E
lD||&fV mvC

Chronic Valvular Disease
Srunken, nouldr, di5orted
atroentlicular valves
Shortened, U1ickened
rolling of valve leaneLs
Chorda lendinea
degeneration and r upture
Chronic Valvular Disease
Diagnostic Plan
Hisor
Physical xaminatlon
Chesl auscultation
Chest palpation
Blood work
Uri nalysis
Chest x-rays
Electrocardiography
Hcirtvr chc<k
Echocardiography
Angioardioraphy
Therapeutic Plan
Drugs to strengthen the heart
Dlurtlcs
Drugs that dildtc
blood vessels
Drugs that corect
abnorm.l lwrl rhythm
Exercise restricion
Dietary Plan
A mildly restricted soiurr <ft
o a moderately rtne
sium d1et
If n&r, chnge t a
s retnlcd wdium diet
Normal Canine Heart
Aortic |D
Pulmomtry |1
LE d|lJD
HlUDventricle
Coronar vP55P5
lE vED|C|E
Le atrioventricular valve
l-CD0|OdEDO|0Ed
LEVED|lC|C
Right d|1l0vPD|rdU|d| vd|vP
LCVED|lCU|d||EEWd||
KIO!ventricle
Papillary muscle
\PD|1CU|d| 5PDUO
HOHIVC0H!CU|d|T|Cwall
c
.

Heartworm Disease
Aoul h(artworms in the
pulmonary areries, right atrium,
and right ventricle. Disease within
te pulmonary arteries leads to
right ventricular dilation,
hypertrophy, and failure.
Dilated right ventricle
Heartworm Disease
Diagnostic Plan
History
Physical examinaton
Heartworm c'1cck
Blood work
Urinalysis
Cest x -rays
Electrocardiography
Echocadioraphy
Terapeutic Plan
Drugs to kill adult worms
Restricted exerse
Aspirin
Corticosteroids
Drugs to kill larvae
in the bloodstream
Prevention
Surgery
Hypertrophic right
ventricular musdes
Dietary Plan
A diet wiU contolle lels of
protein, phosphorus and sodium
Consider body condition
Normal Cani ne Heart
Artic irch
Pulmonary artery
>
Ll|atrium
Rtghl ventricle
Lnarvessels
Lventride
Latricular V
lChra tendinea
L venticle
K|qht atriovcnl rlcular valve
Right ventricular R Wd
Le ventricular free wall
Pap|IIawmus<le
-
nm : flld 01 vetennery 'llniCaJ fllaromy
Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy
A globular-shaped heart with severe
dilation of both atria and ventr icles
Abnormlly thin ventricular walls
Atrophied papillary musde
Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Diagnosic Plan
History
Physical e xaminaton
Urinalyis
Blood work
Chest x-rays
Electrocardiography
Echocardiography
X-ray> of the hearl after
de injection
Therapeutic Plan
Enforced rest
Removal of fluid from
the chest and abdomen
Diuretcs
Drugs that strengthen the heart
Drugs Uat dilate blood vessels
Bronchodilators
Oen therapy
Dietar Plan
A diet that avoids es
leves of sodium
Right ventricle
Papillary muscle
Normal Feline Heart
Aortic arch
Pulmonary artery
left atrium
Right aLrium
Lf venticle
Right vetricle
-Chorda tendine
;_left venticle
Right ventricular free wall
Left ventricular fre wall
Ventricula septum
-
..
-
Feline Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Abnormally increased muscle
mass due to a hypertrophied,
nondilated left ventricle
Feline Hpertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Diagnostic Plan
History
Physical examination
Chest auscultation
Palpation of femoral pulse
and hindlimb musculature
Blood work
Urinalysis
Electroardiography
Chest x-rays
Echocardiography
X-rays of the heart and
abdominal blood vessels
after dye injection
Therapeutic Plan
Enforced rest
Bronchodilators
Oxygen Uurap
Removal of fluid from
the chet and abdomen
Dru9s that dilate blod vesels
Aspirin
Be la blockers
Heparin
Surgery
Dietary Plan
A diet lhat avoids excess
levels o sodium
Rigi'l ventricle
Pap1llary Hu$C!E
Normal Feline Heart
PO/llLnh
v!mUOarery
LEHlIlUH
igDt allium
ventricle
KODlWmck
Choda tendinea
LPlTVPU\tlC!E
lQDl venticular free wall
LVPDl1\LU&IU%d|
Ventricular septum
.
J

Feline Dilated Cardiomyopathy
A globular hert with cvcrc
dilatjon of the four (hambers.
Depre$$ed ventricular
contactile performance occur.
Venticular dilation distorts the
atrioventricular valves leading
U mitral r egurgitaon and
atrial enlargemenL
Feline Dilated
Cardiomyopathy
Diagnostic Plan
History
rhy$ical examination
Chest auscultalion
llpation Ofemoral pulse!
and hindlimb musculature
bOWCH
Urinalysis
ElecoCrdiography
Chest x-rays
Edardiography
X-rays of the heart and
abdominal blood vessels
after dye injection
Plasma taurine analysis
Terapeutic Plan
Enforced rt
Diuretics
Bronchodllators
Oxygen therapy
Removal ot fluid from the
chest and abdomen
Drugs Lhat dilate blood vessels
Drugs that strengthen thE hear
Heparin
Surgery
Dietary Plan
A diet tat contains adequate
levels of taurine and avois
exess levels of sodium
Normal Lymph Node Architecture
Cortex
Germinal center
Aferent lympatic vPsel
Medulla

lymphosarcoma
The tumor mass lSO|LD white on
the t surtace, and 1DP CdDSU|P lS
1DlDDPO. Microscopically, malignant
cells have replaced Dorml CP||S
and destroyed the normil
architecture of the lymph node._
lymphosarcoma
Diagnostic Plan
History
Blood work
FeLV test (for cats)
X-rays
Urinalysis
Biopsy of tissue
Cell studies
Endoscopy
Exploratory surgery
Examinations of chet and
abdominal tluid
BonP RdUDloOsy
Cerebral )pin" fluid examination
Terapeutic Plan
buDODO therapy
Chemotherapy
Surgical excision
Radiation
Dietary Plan
A diet based individual patient
evaluation Inludin Dd
COHOtOH nd other organ
system Involvement or disease
Normal Feline Dentition
.
UOPt U
lRi5M
Canine

FmC
Mor
LwrTU
NOt
ltPDO15
1&DD0
lOC$0f$
J
J
J
U
J
J
u
J
!
l
J
Periodontal Disease
Normal Dental Examination
Plaque
Dlsc.loscd plaque
6|ngivltis
Petl odontO$
Gingival rcession
wilh root exposure
0

Ccmclcgingivitis
Tarlar
Periodontal Disese
Diagnostic Plan
His lor
Oral examination
Dental x-ray>
Terapeutic Plan
Tooth scaling abovl and
below the OuHline
Tooth polishing
Etr<tioO
SurOrN
Antibacterials
Tooth brushing
MtmPlan
Postsurry or extractiom, Z food
with nutritional characeristics
that suport \i55u0repair.
A soft food may minimize
postprocedural discomfort.
Long teon.O food with
f onnulation and teXUre that
slows the accumulation of
plaque ad tartar.
Normal Canine Dentition
Upper Teeth
lntbors
CdniDe
Premolars
Molars
Lwer Teeth
Molars
Pn)molars
L.u1It\L
Incisr

.
-
.
.

Carnassial Tooth Abscess
Fistula from the abscess with
blood-tinged discharge
DissccLcd view or the lesion
-Chronic gingivitis
Carassial Tooth Abscess

Calculus foration
Carnassial tooth
Diagnostic Plan
Histor
Physical 1aDi!ation
Oral examination
Dental x-rays
Therapeutic Plan
Toot extraction
Root canals
AnUbiolics
Dietary Plan
A diet based on overall patient
evaluation including body
condition and other organ
sytem involvement
A soft diet may minimize
postsurgical pain
Plc antrum
Normal Stomach
Une of disse<Lon
Eophagus
By p

of the slomach
Fundus porion
of the lomach
x
Ga folds
J
J
1
t
r
I
I
J
l
Hemorrhagic Gastritis with Ulcers
Difs rnsor the muC1 due to
IVE inammati andhemo|1aqe
Hemorrhagic Gastritis with Ulcers
Diagnostic Plan
History
Blod work
Stool check tor blood
Stool check for paras1tes
Ur
i
nalysi
X-rays Oth stomach
Eopy
Gl T Ouid analysis
Gastric b1opsy
Therapeutic Plan
Nothing oraly for to Z4 hour
Fluid therapy
LSUC lavaqe
Anlemelcdnug
Whole blood
Uruqsto 1nh1bit gastric acid
seretion
Srgr
Dietary Plan
Fdiet DS6 on ovcr"ll patient
evaluation includ1ng body
condit
i
on and othEI
organ sytems
A diet With mocdte protein and
moerat WkkMfat an
fibe to minimize diin
delays ngMtr emptyin
Dwgatriti
caused b fo all
a hypllergeni OIE
Canine Normal Stomach
r|o:|caot:um
Plorus
Clokwise rotation as viewed
foma ventral position
Esophagus
1
Sequence of Gastric Dilatation
with Volvulus
Te yloric an!rum.
displaced downward.
The py|oIs crosses
the midline, passe
underneath the
d ist en ded proximal part
or )[Omach, and V
upward along the le
abdmiHol wall.
+
.
.
.

Canine Gastric Dilatation with Volvulus
Clockwise volvulus Othe
stomach; te organ is
greatly enlarged
The gastric fundus
moves ventrally and
becomes located in
the ventral abdomen.
TO|ono|the eophagus
The continuing gastric
dilatation displaces the
greater curvature ventraly
Duodenum displaced to the lett
The greater omentum covers
the stomach's surfac
Gastric Dilatation
with Volvulus
Diagnostic PH
HistoO
Physical XDInOH
X-ray ot the stomach
Blod work
Therapeutic Plan
Stomach distention relief
Shock therapy
Surgery
Dietary Plan
A low-rt:idue diet. lm
in 5H| porlions
Avid exessive
postrandial exercise
Uver
Stomach
Normal Small Intestine
Kidney
Descending colon
Ureter
Urinary bldder
Splen
Small ID!e!tD0
~E$PDlPO
Small intestine
Foreign Bodies
Dilated loops of bowel
cranial to the obstructon
\
Dilatd loop of bwl
Congested meenteric
blod vessels
Foreign Bodies
Diagnostic Plan
History
Abdominal palpation
Abdominal |v
Upper G.l. series
Stool analysis
Blood tests
Uinalysi s
Endoscopy
Theraptic Plan
Fluid therapy
Antibacterials
Surgey (to remove foreign bodies)
NoUing by mouth for 248 hourS
Foreign object (ball)
Dietary Plan
Postsurgically, a low-residue
diet fed in small portions
LO5UCr ov(rall patient condition
when determining the protein
level and caloric density O
the diet
Canine Parvoviral Enteritis
Vral particle
ParvoviruS(lS infecting an
intestnal epithelial cell
Parvoviral Enteritis
Diagnostic Plan
History
Stool analysis
Blood tests
Urinalysi>
Abdominal x-rys
Upper G.l. series
Endoscopy with tssue biopsy
Teapetic Plan
Nothing by mouth
Huid U1crapy
lniPtinal proteclants
Antibacterials
Analgesics
mvirus Lypically aIIrtL
the small intestine
Mitochondria
Dietary Plan
A highly digestible diet
Conside overall pate1t
codition when determining
thc prolein level and caloric
density the diet
Intussusception
Obstruction ot the small
intestne caused b the
teiQcoping of a sement
of intestine into ;n
adjacent segment
A loop Ointesine within an
adjacent segment of intestine
Intussusception
Diagnostic Plan
History
Physical ex<mination
Abdominal palpation
Abdominal x-rays
Therapeutic Plan
Fluid therapy
Surgery
Removal of the cause
Nothing by mouth
Congested meenteric
blood vessels
Te mesentery and blood vessels
supporting the irwaginaling
segment of bowel ar8induded
in the intususception
Dietary Plan
Postsurgkally, a low-resique
diet fed in small portions
Consider over;ll patient
condition when determining
Ue proteiI level and calo|ic
density of the diet
Normal Canine Colon
1r|118rs8 colon
Descending colon

Chronic Colitis
*
Friable mucos. that
bleeds easily
Chronic Colitis
Diagnostic Plan
History
Physical examina Lion
SLol analysis
Abdominal palpation
Rectal pal pation
Stol culture
Blod work
Urinalysis
X-rdys of the colon
Colonoscopy and biopsy
Therautic Plan
Antibacterials
Dewormers
Anti-Inflammatory drugs
Dietary Plan
l llgh-fber diets benefit some
cses of coli \G
If a high-fiber diet is ineffective,
a dietary trial using a low-resdue
diet is indicated
For a food-allergy-induced colitis,
a hypoallegenic diet 5indir. ale
Normal Feline Colon
^
LecPM|HO tu|uM J
Descending colon
Small intestine
Rectum
Acnding colon
Constipation/Colonic Impaction
<onstlpatlon/Coloiic Impation
Diagnostic Plan
History
Rcclal palpation
Abdominal palpation
Adominal x-rays
Therapeutic Plan
Fluid therapy
Laxativ
Enemas
Manual removal of
impacted stool
Surgery
Tt primary cause, if possible
Stool softeners
Pro-motility mediction
Etreme dilation of
the descending colon
due to impacted feces
Dietar Plan
A moderate- to high-fiber diet
if no neurologic or obstructive
lesions; chronic cases may
benefi t from low residue food
Ensure adequat water intake
Duodenum
Normal Canine Pancreas
Esophagus
Le lobe or lhe p<ncrea)
Ileum
luoum
~
1
Acute Canine Pancreatitis
Swolle, Inflamed pancreas w
areas of heW1hage
Acute Pancreatitis
Dianostic Pln
History
PsiCl examination
Blood wk
Urinalis
Abdominal x-rays
Therapeutic Plan
llLid therapy
No oral medication or rood
Antibactrials
Drugs to suppress vomiting
Analgesics
Dietary Plan
When reuminq enteral nutritionq
small prons of a diet R in
Tand ridu
Afr the imhal ep1sod1, manage
hyperhpidem1a, F necessry
Normal Pancreas
Lef lo 0l C panceas
Riqht |ubeO|
llw pancrs
Duoenum
l|cum
Jejunum
Ephagu
Stmch
TranSrs O|un

Exocrine Pancreatic Insuficiency
Shrunken pancreatic lobes with
reduced production of digestive Cn"mcs
Eocrine Pancreatic
Insuficiency
DlagnostJc Plan
History
Physi<l t'lmination
Stool analysis
Absorption tests
Blood work
Intestinal biopsy
Therapeutic Plan
Pancreatic eme
Mooium-chain fats
Antacds
Drugs that inhibit
acid secretion in Lhe stomach
Dietary Plan
A highly digestible diet
Consider overall body condition
Feed quantities suficient to
maintain normal body weight
Avoid excess fat
Normal liver
Left lateral lobe
Papillar process O
caudate lob
Gallbladder
Kdm
liver
Gallbladder
Caudate proes m
caudate lobe
Portal vein
Right lateral lobe
-- R1ght medial lobe
lungs
(
MO
Diaphragm
-
End-Stage Liver Disease
fibrou. connective tissue
beteen regenerative noduiC
Regenertive nodules
Faty change
or liver 1ells
Reduced number or
normal liver cells
Fibrous connective tissue
separating parenchymal nodules
EHO-0taQ0 Ltv0W50B50
Diagnostic PaH
History
Phyi$al examination
Abdominal palpation
Blood work
Adominal Xr<ys
Blood clotting time
UnalVsis
Liver biopy
Abdominal ultrasonography
vtDvUIL PH
Flui d therapy
Cage rt
Corticosteroids
Dietar Plan
A diet that will reduce Lhe
need for eOin liver functions
Provide adequate protein, but
avoid 6xcsx
Consider possible need for
controlled sodium intake
Normal liver
u|t lateral lobe
Hepatic artery
Papillary proce5
o caudate lobe
Gallbladder
Omentum
Caudal vena cava
Gallbladder
Caudate process O
caudate lobe
Portal vein
Right lateral lobe
'-
Right medial lobe
Quadrate lobe
lungs
Heart
Diaphragm
W
Hepatic Neoplasia
lnh:robular coOnCLlive tissue
Ce1tl Vein
Tumors
Disn.1ption of Hormal liver V$$UC
DV:h0CI:or neoplasti< <ells
Hepatic Neoplasia
Diagnostic Plan
History
Blood work
Urinalysis
X-ray or Ihelivcr
Ultr<sound
Liver biopsy
EploraLory surgery
Therapeutic Plan
Supportive care
Chemotherapy
Surgery
Dietary Plan
A di eL based on individual
patient evaluation including
body condition and other
organ yslem involvemenL
Spedal attention should be
given T proteiD levels and
amino-acd balance of te diet
Normal Skin/Perineal Anatomy
Levator ani muscle
Coccygeus muscle
External anal sphinctr
BtJibospongiosus muscle Retactor penis muscle
Scrotum

Anal Sac Abscess
Enlarged, innamcd anal sac Ruptured onl sac abscess
Anal Sac Abscess
Diagnostic Plan
Hislory
Ascess culture
Theapeutic Plan
lncing of Lhc abscess
Aal sac expression
Hot soaks
Antiseptic solutions
Antibacterials
Anal sac removl
Dietary Plan
Postsurgically, a diet adequate for
tssue repair
Skin Abscess
5|oabwxco.:inm|as
organisms
Skin Asceu
Diagnostic Plan
Histor
Phy5ical examination
Eculrure
X-
r
Therapeutic Plan
Hot compresse
AD5ce$$ drainage
Dea tissue removal
Antibacterial therapy
Surgery
Ruptured abcess CU$E
by a bite wound
Collecton Opus in
the walled-ft ibscess
Thickned skin walls
arn t abse
Dietar Plan
A diet adequate for tssue repair
i
l
Flea-Allergy Dermatitis
Self-inflicted trauma results in
erema, papules, pustules,
uwts, and hair loss in areas
where fleas feed.
Sequence of
flea-allerg dermatitis
Flea puncture5
skin to teed.
Flea-Allerg Dermatitis
MHU5ItC Plan
History
Physic;! eX<Jmination
Detection ot fleas, flea dirt, and
tapeworm segment
Intradermal skin te|ing
r-
Flea saliva 5et

up an antigen
antibdy
r<:IJon.
Ecoriaton and Acute bacterial
inflammation infection result.
result from self-
inflicted trauma.
Hr&OutC PlU
Flea contrl
Dieary Plan
A diet adequate !Or IisuPr epair
Short-term cOr|cO>!0rOd
Hill's Atlas of Veterinar Clinical Anatomy
Normal Vertebrae/Spinal Cord

Transverse process
l t b I d. k nere e m IS
_Sponous proess
Spinal nere
Vee b
Interertebral disk
j
I
J
J

Intervertebral Disk Disease
Prolap>ed intervertebral disk
Intervertebral Disk Disease
Diagnostic Plan
History
Phyical examination
Neurologic examination
X-ray U Lhe spine
Terapeutic H
Enforced Ct
Anti-inflammatory dn.gs
Analgesics
Muse relaxants
Surgery
Physical therapy
Dietar Plan
Postsurgically, diet adeuate for
tisue repair
If obesity is a complicating dCOf,
rCtxLcaloric intake so the
patient reaches and maint<ins an
ideal body weight
Humerus
Normal Shoulder
Scapula
Humeral head
Osteochondritis Dissecans
Free-noaling fragment of
cartilage and bne within
the shoulder joint
Site o detachment
Osteochonditis Dlssecans
Diagnostic Plan
Hi> Lory
X-rays
Therapeutic Plan
Surgery
Dietary Plan
tissue repair and patient growth
Avoid overfeecling throughout life
Avoid excess calcium and energy in
growing large and giant-breed pups
Normal Elbow
Kd|u:
Ununited Anconeal Process/Panosteitis
g.Pco0eal process D\ has fai |ed
lC5lO05 ot O0O5\C|Il5 l0
te proximal radius
to unite with the U|0
Ununited Anconeal Process
Diagnostic Plan
HisUF
Physical EXDl0llON
Xrys o the elbow
Therapeutic Plan
Surgery
Dietary Plan
Postsurgic<lly, UlP dUPOUdP
for |55UCICO|| 0U OI|C0
growth
Pv0|U e4P55 caldum d0U
energy 0growing lrge OU
giant-breed pups
PvOlUO U|OO 1|OJQHOUlife
Panosteltls
Diagnostic Plan
H|ston
Physical PXdl0dl00
ld|DOU
7-|V$
Therapeutic Plan
P0lges iC
Dietary Plan
PdiPt adequate for growth
Pv0U Odig mrouhmlife
Normal Hi p Joint
/
Ilium
Femoral head
Well-formed, deep hip joint ,
Pelvis
Hi p Dysplasia
Deceneral.ive joinl disease
in older dogs
Shallow hip joint with
subluxaled femoral head
in younger dogs
Hlp Dsplasia
MMHO5I4 Plan
HisVry
Palpation of the hips
X-rays Othe hips
Therapeutic Plan
Enforced rest
Mild analgesics
Anti-in!IammatOt drugs
Surgery
Ot&m P&n
tissue repair
If obcily is a complicting factor,
restrict caloric intake so the
patient reaches and maintains an
idecl body weight
Normal Rear Leg
PEis
Femur
nia
Patella

Femoral Fracture
H0mor e into VmuK
Femoral Frr
Diagnosic Plan
Histor
Palpation OI UcIcmur
XVs
Terapeutic Plan
Surgery
Dietary Plan
A U|61U6Uu16for tissue r8ptr
Normal Stifle
Femur
lateral collateral ligament
Caudl cruclate ligament
Cranial cruclate ligament
Lateral mfiixus
Medial coilaLeral ligament
Fibula ~
Tibia
W
~
=
=

Ruptured Cranial Cruciate ligament
Ends of thVruptured crdni al
cruciate lgament
Ruptured Cranial
Crudate Ugament
Diagnostic Plan
HrtLry
PhV1tl e8mn\On
Palpation OIDE knee
A-rV:o the knee
Terapeutic Plan
Enfrced rest
Analgesics
Surgery
Dietry Plan
l'ostsurgically, d diet adequate for
I iuere0l
It obsit Is a complicating factor,
restrict calorc intake so te
palrt fLdLD5 dDO maintains
an ideal body weight
Normal Stifle
Quadriceps tendon
Palcla
Cranial border of the tibia
Fibula
Patellar luxation
Shllow trochlear groove
Medial luxation of the patella
Inward lOUIOJ OJ the tibia
Patellar Luxation
Diagnostic Plan
History
Stifle palpation
Stifle x-rays
Therapeutic Plan
Surgery
W`w1 Plan
Postsurgically, a diet adequate f or
tissue repair
If obesity is " corplicating factor,
restrict caloric intake 1 the
patient reches and maintains
L$ODDUU5
Lrx
Normal Mouth/Upper Airway
Nasl cavity
Har palate
3Ot OltR
Cglottos
Tonsol
1Onquc
~
~

Tonsillitis
Tonsillitis
Diagnostic Plan
His Lory
Examination ot the tonsils
Culture of the Lonslls
Cytologic study of tonsillar
exudate
X-rays
Inflamed tonsils protruding
from Lhe pharynx
Reddened pharnx
Therapeutic Plan
Elimination of the cause
Antibacterials
Tonsillectomy
Dietary Plan
A diet Oon overall patient
evaluation Including by
ystem involvement
A sott diet may minimire
postsurgical pin
Trahea
Scapula
Normal Canine Thorax
J
Cranial lobe
o the lung
larynx
Cerical vertebrae
Middle lobe
or Lc lung
Cut away sect n
or Lhe ribs
Diaphragm
Caudal lob
or the lung
^
^
^
'
Collapsing Trachea
Grade Wcollapsed trchea;
the airway lumen is
essentally oblterated
The tracheal cartilage JS
inverted dorsally and contacts
the tracheal membrane
Normal trad1eal rng
I
Collapsing Tracha
Diagnostic Plan
History
Tracheal palpation
Chest auscultation
CheSL x-rays
Tracheoscopy
Cultures of tracheal wash fluid
Therapeutic Plan
ACiVity restricton
Corticosteroids
Steam VOOlI7u!JOD
Bronchodilators
Antitussives
Antibacterials
Surgery
Dietary Plan
If surgery is performed, a diet
adequate for tiue repair
If obesit is a complicating factor,
restrict caloric intake so the
p<tient reaches and maintains
Normal Feline Thorax
Cervi.al vertebrae
Hyoid apparatus
Larynx
Esophagus
\
\
Humerus
Trachea
Crdnial lobe
of the lung
Heart
Caudal lobe
of the llmg
Middle lobe
of UJU lung
Cut away section
of the ribs
Pul monary Edema
Fluid in
the alveoli
Normal lung !issue
lung tissue is
enlarge< and heavy
Nom1al alveli
Pulmonary Edema
Diagnostic Plan
History
Chest auscultation
Chest x-rays
Electcardiography
Blood work
Urinalysis
Therapeutic Plan
Activity restriction
Oxygen therapy
ho!phine
Diuretics
Corticosteroids
Nebuli"ation
Bronchodilators
Vasodilators
Drugs Lo slrengLhen
the heart
Dietary Plan
A diCL Uuu on individual
b condit on and other
organ sytcm invulvemenl
or disease
Avoid excess sodium
Normal Canine Kidney
Rena l 0r8rV
Renal vein
Fat in the
Ureter renal sinus
Renal pelvis
RemI Lu1 $uHare
Cortex
Capsule
Medulla
Chronic Renal Disease
Chronic Renal Disease
Diagnostic Plan
Hutory
Abdominal palpation
Urinalysis
Blood work
Blood pressure measurement
Abdominal x-rays
Kidney biop.y
Ultrasound
Pale, shrunken, firm kidney
with a pilted urfacc
Therapeutic Plan
Fluid therapy
Sodium bicarbonate
Drugs to control tomach acidity
Phosphate binder
Blood transfusions
Anabolic st!oids
lt1nel dilysi>
Scarring
Dietary Plan
Adiet with controlled
and appropriate levels
or Dro uiM phosphoru,
sodium and calories
Normal Canine Kidney
Renal artery
al in the
Ureter
renal sinus
Renal pelvis
Ronm Cut >ce
Caple
Medulla
&
#

Acute Renal Failure
Pale, swollen kidney
Acute Renal Failure
Diagnostic Plan
History
Abdominal P<ipati on
Urinalysis
Blood work
Abdominal x-rays
Kidney biopsy
Ullrasound
Terapeutic Plan
Fl uid therapy
Diuretics
Phosphate binders
Sodium bicarbonate
Drugs to control
stomach ctCl
PerUncl dialysis
Dietar Plan
A ditt with controlled and
appropriate levels
of protein, phosphorus,
sodium, and caloriPs
Normal Urinary Bladder
Prstate gland
Urinary bladder
Urethra
S!rUVtte
Bladder Stones
Calcium olte
dihydrate
Cystine
Cul urface ofa bladder
:hw
i
ng :hIv6 calculi
Bladder Stones
Diagnostic Plan
History
Palpation of the urethra
and urinary bladder
Urinalysis
Urine culture
Blood work
X-rays ofthe uln0r 1r0O
Lu0ntttatveanalysis of
passed bladder stones
3heFapeuc Plan
fluid Utt! rapy
AOt
i
bmerials
Urease inhibitOr>
Ammonium urate
Silica
xnthine oxidase inhibitors
Urine alkalizers
Thlolconlaining drugs
Surgery
C<lcium oxalat monohydrate
V1iding urohydropropulsion
Dietary Plan'
For dissolution, the proper
calculolylic dtct
To aid in prevention or
recurrence, a diet tht
allows the body to prouce
the appropriate urine pH
and aVOidsexcesses o the
urolith's pre$ursrs
If surgery is necessary a die!
0Ctqu010 hrtissue rpair
*ltrmindbsmn tym
Normal Canine Lower Urinary System
Dcending colo
Testicular vessels
Urinary blddder
Ureter
Rectum
Ductus deferens
Pelvic symphysis
Peis
Tesicle
Prepuce
Bulbourethral gland
w
~
Canine Urethral Obstruction
Hemorrhages on th
surface of the bldtldcr
Distended urinary bladder
caused by an obstructing
urethral calculus
Urethral ckulw iIWatWy bhind the
Openis; te calculus is obstructing the
OD of urine from the bladder
l
<anlne Urethral Obstrction
Diagnostic Plan
History
Urethral palpaLion
Abdominal palpation
X-rays of the unnary trat
Urinlysi\
Urin culture
W WO
Analysis of pM
bladder stones
Theraptic Plan
Emptying of the bladder
Fluid therapy
Flushing of the urethral
calculi onto blddtler
Surgery
Dietar Plan
calculolytic diet
To aid In prevention or
recurrence, a diet that alows
the boy uprDuce the
appropriate urine pH dntl
avoids excesses of tht
urolith's precursrs
Psurgery is neessary, a diet
adequate rtiSS\IP repair
Normal Fel ine Lower Urinary System
Pelvic 5VROHV55
C
~
^
#
Decending colon
Testicular vessels
Rectum
Ureter
Prostate gland
.
Penis
Glans penis
Urinary bladder
Ductus OP105 Prepuce
)
Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease
Distended urinary bldder
caused by an obstfJting urthral plug
Feline Urologic Syndrome
Diagnostc Plan
History
Abdominal palpallon
Urethral palpation
Urinalysis
Urine culture
X-rays of lhe urinary tract
Blood work
Hemorrhages on the
surface of the bladder
Therapeutic Plan
Emptying or Lhe bl adder
Fluid therapy
Reoval of the
urinary obstruction
Urethral plug obstructing
lhc Lip of Lhe pMnis
Dietary Plan
calculolytic diel
To aid in prvntion or
recurrence, O diet that allows
!hPbody to produce the
appropriate urine pH and
avoids cxccss;s of the
urolith's precursrs
R surgeryis necessar, a diet
adequate for tissue repair
Normal Prostate Gland
DullJ dererer Dending CK
Prostate gland
Urhr
.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Om wenlargeent of the
prostate gland due Oepitelial
or glandular hyperplasia
The enlarged prosate gland
may Impinge on Ue rectum
Benign Prtatic Hypelasia
Diagnostc Plan
History
Physical examonation
Rctal palpitin
Abdomal Jllpatlo
X-rays
Ultrasound
Urinalysis
Urine culture
Blo wor
Prostate biopsy
Therapeutic Plan
Emptying of the DIdUtr
Enemas
Stool softeers
Castrotion
Medical therapy
Dietary Plan
Psurgery Onecessry, a diet
adequate for wrepair
A low ridue fod
Ovari ohysterectomy
Double ligature around
I.IH: oVariaR pedicle
Utn h
Uterine boy
Oariohysterectoy
Indications
Strilization
LVUROl3E1E
Ulerin<' dbca) C
Behavioral problems
Vaginal hyperplasia
Diabte
Epilepsy
Colon
uamme~tumo preventio
Dietary Plan
Pmtsurgically. a diet adequate
lor LiSi uc repair
Double ligdlurc
around uterine ves ls
Normal AoV
Uterine horns
omo|
1hE UlEJUS
Cervix
Vagina
Pyometra
Congestion of
uterine body walls
Cut section showing
an enlarged,
OU5 6d ul6JU
The 1uUe J5frible
and easily torn
Diagnotic Plan
History
Vaginal cytologic 5lUOV
FDOODIOl palpation
Rectal palpation
Blood work
Urinalysis
ltlDE CUllUtE
Abdominal x-rys
Ultrasound
Therapeutic Plan
Fluid therapy
Surger
Antibacterials
Protaglandins
Dietary Plan
Fdiet based on individual
Oatient evaluation including
body condition n other
oJgan system involvement
Posturgically, a dc|aucqua|c
|otissue repair
Canine Castration
Castration
Suture cranial to the crolum
Ducl.u dferens
Urinary bladder
Tesltcular V0lH
Canine Castration
Indications
Sterilization
Testicular disease
Pro,Latic dilol C
Behavioral problems
Retained testices
Dieta Pan
Postsurgi cally, a diet adequate
fr tissue repair
Testicular Tumors
5Cr ll-CCll tumor
Ldig-ccll tumor
Seminoma
Normal l P .stis
Tticular Tumors
Diagnostic Plan
History
Testicular palpation
X-rays of the abdomen
Biopsy
Therapeutic Plan
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Dietary Plan
FO`l3UrOR&llV &diet
adequate tor tissue repair
Consider LdV condition;
feed a diet approprialt
to maintain ideal
body weight
Cornea

PnlPlOl fDDUPI
NJlIPOU5 body
Normal Canine Eye
L JlJf body
Oplc OEIVE
Lp1k OJ5K
1!
Nuclear Sclerosis/Cataracts
Nuclear sclerosis is a normal
aging change that results from
compaction and hardening of
the lens libers
A cataract is an opacity or UU
lens [ibers or CD5Ul
Nuclear Sclerosis/Cataracts
Diagnostic Plan
Histor
Ophthalmic examination
Blood test
Urinalysis
Therapeutic Plan
Surgery
Therapy for any concurrent disease
No therapy is necessary r or
nuclear sclerosis
Dietary Plan
A diet based on individual patient
evJiualion including body
system involvement or disease
Normal Feline Eye
UU5
C|||a~bo-
Lens
.
...
Ot|cdivk
Anterir chamber
i||:ta:ionBDQH
=
Glaucoma
LUCV, edematous,
1D5EO5lUVE COfDE
/'
lDIlDLUlfDlE55UfE l5
increased due to Ol$OIOtI
of the dIaingEnQlE
Glaucoma
Diagnostic Plan
MlSOJV
LCUlfEXDJOllOD
hL:UIVDCOof
intraocular prsr
Therapeutic Plan
LRlQ5 that relieve
)DlJdYLUlf DrS>Ul*
U1OElV
Increase in intraocular DfEUIE
The globe Uenlarged, pain
D\ Dt pncxt, the UUl51D
vessels rEcongeted, and
vision loss occurs.
Dietary Plan
A dielL&$U on individUZl
body condition and other
ofOn 5V$ED lDVOlVEUEOI
O! O$C5C
PDIPUO CUDDEl
Normal Feline Eye
Iris
$OHW
"
Rtma
Optic O=
LOUL nere
l1lUI!UO UOl0
J
l
J
J
j
I
J
Corneal Ulceration
Diagnostic Plan
History
Physical cxamindtion
Oculdr examinCtion
Fluorescein stain
Culture
Corneal Ulceration
Central corneal ulcer
Therapeutic &
Uu1 Otntrnt and slutions
Drugs that dilate the pupil
Surgery
Drugs to ln I hE nsk of pigmet
formation in the cora
Dietary Plan
A diet ba on individuCI
palienl Plaluatoo rncfudrng
b conditon and oter
organ system involvement
or disea>e
Cytologic examination
Normal Hearing Apparatus
PUHUlI CIlllQC
YCJ1lt CD
77 D l5 UU5\E
PUO1IOl\ U5MCB5
YD D1C membrne
hlOOlC UICVlL\
DOdH1CDUll
Otitis Externa, Media, lnterna
Inflamed reddened ear structures
Otitis Externa
Inflamed,
teddeneUear
Partial OCCU5lOD ut LOC
CI CD du0 Ucellular
hyperplasia
Otitis Extema, Media, lnterna
Diagnostic Plan
Htslov
Pysicl examination
Ear examination
Ear cultures
Tyroid hormone levels
Intrad8ral skt testinO
Xrs
Therapeutic !rtalswith tn>ecltcUe>
0nU hypoallergenic diets
Otitis lnterna
Neurologic d1anges
Head tilt nO cIltnq
Therapeutic Plan
Re1oV<l of ear canal hair
ear cleaning
Topical application of
antibacterials/corticosteroids
Systemic antibacterials
Systemtc corticosteroids
Surgery
Otitis Media
Inflammatory eudute
n the tVpantc bulla
Ostemyelitis due to the
tnfectlous process
Dietary Plan
A diet based on i ndiVidu<l
body coditionnUother
organ system Involvement
or dtsease
H\oollenenicdiets
Heartworms
Infected mosquitoe deposit
heartworm larvae into the
animal's hemolymph by
puncturing the animal's skin.
larvae migrate to subcu t aneous
tissues where they mature to a
young-adult stage.
Heartwrms
Diagnosti c Plan
History
Herworm check
Chest x-rays
Blood work
Urinalysis
Mature femles release
microflariae into the
bloodstream where lhey are
picked up by mosquitoes.
Young adults migrate UVe
pulmonary arteries and heart.
Theraptic Plan
Drugs to kill adult worms
Aspirin
Dietary Plan
Adiet wilh controlled levels of
protein, phosphon1s, and sodium
Consider body condition Corticosteroids
Restricted exercise
Drugs to ktII larae in
lhe bloodstream
Prevention
Surgery
W
Giardia
L0IC0 species exist as
motie trophooitc and
nonmotile c Both tos
are transmitted b ingestion
and are passed intemittently
in Uehost's feces.
Goro
Diagnstic Plan
Ill story
Phjit<I exmination
Stool analysis
Analysis of intetinal Krapings
collecle during endoKopy
Bo tet
(Giardia antigen test)
Therapeutic Plan
Drugs to kill the parasite
Dietary Plan
A diet base on ndiVidual patient
evaluation Including body
condlt1on and other organ
system involvlmtml or disease
Pups my inge
milk containing larvae.
Hookworms
lnte t ive larvae are ingeted
opnetrate the skin.
Aduil hookworms are
bloodsucking parasi Le
of the small intestine.
lnfective lhird-stage larvae
in the environment
Hookworms
Diagnostic Plan
History
Stol analysis
Blood work
Terapeutic Plan
Dormers
Blod transons
Supprtve therapy
Dietary Plan
A diet bed on individual patient
evalua t i on indud1ng body
COOROand other organ
system involvement or di

Whipworms
The adult whipworm is
embedded In the wall of the
l arge inlc>liuc ant tt. ><urn.
lnfecltd lara develops inside
the egg but does not hatch unless
the egg is swallowed.
Whipors
Diagnostic Pla
History
Stool analysi>
Colono$copy
ThErapeutc dEworming
Therapeutic Plan
Dewormcrs
Supportive Lherpy
ggs are passed in the flCl.
Dietary Plan
Roundworms
larvae m be shed
in the milk and
ingested by neonate. ,,
The host either ingests eggs
containing infective larae or an
intermediate hOl with larae
arrested in its tissues.
Adult roundworm in
the small intestine
Egg containing
inte<: tive In
Eggs are passed
in the fces.
Rondors
Diagnostic Plan
History
Physkal examination
Stool analysis
Therapeutic Plan
Dewom1ers
Supporlive therapy
Dietar Plan
<'aluation including body
<ondilion r1d ()lher On:al1
system involvement or dsesc
Tapeworms (Taenia)
The oncosphere hatches
in the intermediate host
and dif erentiates
in to a metacestode.
.
|
Proglollids shed
in the fec.
Adult tapeworm in
the small intestine
The host becomes infete
b eating an infected
inteei ate host.
Tapeworms (oe
Diagnostic Plan
History
Detection of tapewor segments
in the stool
Therapeutic Plan
Dewormers
Control of patient's hunting and
ea Ung habi L
Dietary Plan
AUtel based 1 individual patient
<aluation including body
system involvement or diease
Tapeworms (Dipylidium caninum)
Ingstion O
feas containing
infete cysts
IsulUin infection.
Adult tapoms attach U the
mucosa of the small inlllnc.
Tapeworm laae encyst in flea
larae and become Infective.
Terminal proglottids
ladMwith eggs are
shed in the feces.
UIm8dIume $
arc ingested by
the larae of fleas.
Tapwors (olpwmum cennum)
Diagnostic Plan
Histor
Phycal examination
Delelion of tapeworm segment
in the stool
Detection offleas o fa dirt
Teraptic Plan
1
Flea cotrol
Dietar Plan
Pdet based o individual p.ticnl
ealuation including body
conditio and othe organ
wm inYlMentor disea5e
^
Fleas
The OUlI 1l PfQ5 fOD
IU COOOD HO 5ECK DO5I
OOUlCD LOJCO.
POUl\ d5 d\ EQQ5 UIIDED
EOQ51 O1l OO UC CHVfODDDL
LOU3 UICD DIO fVC
lUI HO1 U1fEP UHP5.
EIUfU DOlI DfOOUCE5
l1C lNd LUdL5UD5
1 D D WU1LU IUF lNd
DUD8E5 1OfUD TO ODEYE!.
Fleas
Diagnostic Plan
M1$IOl\
lUY5Cdl EXTlH1lOD
cIOO lD5UPC\1OO T!IdDEOfT
5EQDEO5
Therapeutic Plan
ll LOD\IOl
Dietary Plan
PO1I D$PO 1 DOlVOUl DIlDl
CVlUllOP 1DCUO1DO DOO\
COOOll1OD dDO OIU! O!OO
$Y5IU lDVOlVEDCDl OrOlC5
Ticks
Adult Dlay thousnds
ol eggs, wK undergo W
molts: larva to nymph and
nymph to adult.
l.r, nymphs, and adulu
fe on 0I0and lymph.
Drrmoccntorvorolis larvae
and nymphs Ne on small
mammab and drop of
btween molts.
Adults on pets.
Rhi pehalssan
larvae, nymphs, and adulb
all ted on pets.
1
Ts
Diagnostic P
History
Trpc Plan
O removal
Inscticide baths or dips
Topical Insecticide dips or D5
Dietar Plan
A diet based on individudl patient
ev.luation includinq body

system involvement or disease J
Sarcoptes
Female mites burrow into the
sl<in and lay eggs in :otunnels
that the lorm.
Larvae and nymphs develop in
these tunnels.
The patient response is ofen
severe sel-inficted trauma.
Sarte
Diagnostic Plan
History
Skin scrapings
Skin biopsy
Theapeutic trial
Terapeutic Plan
Coat dipping
Parasiticidal dips
Antibacterials
Dietar Plan
A diet baS(!d on individual patient
system involvement W1 disease
Demodex
L6P06X is part of thenormal
skin fauna and is usually preent
in small numbers i n healthy
animls.
\
The entire life cycle is spent
on the host in the hair follicles
or sebaceous glands.
Adult DPm0cX mite
Diagnostic Plan
History
Skin scta|ng
Skin biopsy
Skin culture
Terapeutic Plan
Topical keratolytic agents
Atibacterials
Topical drugs lO kk the mile
Dietary Plan
A diet odeooiefr t ssMerepair
A J`utbavcdon individual patient
evaluation indudingbody
Medication U kill the mite
Hill's Atlas .Veterinary Clinical Anatomy
Lh8y8l80
These mites live in keratin on the
skin's surace and feed on tisue fluids.
The entire lie cycle isthought U
occur on U1C host.
Ce la
Diagnostic Plan
History
in scraDings
Skin biopsy
Acetate tape impressions
Direct visualization of the parasite
Therapeutic Plan
Parasiticidal dips
Dietary Plan
Ade\based on indi vidual U1!ER1
system iDYolNmRt or disease
Nymph
lara
L
Ear Mites
Diagnostic Plan
History
Ear e.aminalion
Microscopic examination
of ear canal exudate
Ear Mites
The entire life cycle
occurs on J he host.
Therapeutic Plan
Ear canal cleaning
Drugs V kill the mites
Surgical repair of
aural hematomas
Antibacterials, Pneeded
Adult mites live on the surface
or the skin, most 1m1lVin
!heear cnal.
l
Dietary Plan
A diel adequate for tissue repair
evaluation includig body
~
Bibliography
1. Evans, H..; Christensen, G. C.: MilsAnatomyD
0CDo, 2nd Ed. W.&. Saunder, Phlladelpia
,
Pa., 1979.
2. fox, P.R. (cd.): Cani ne andFline Cardlgy.
Churchill Livingtone, NewYork, N.Y., 1988.
3. CeorqL l.R.: IiluugvmVer erina4th Ed.
W.B. Saunders, Philadetphia, Pa., 198S.
A.Har, L.L.. W~nD~u. W.B. Saunders,
Philadelphia, Pa., 1985.
5. Holorl, J. (cd.): 15fO5e5OtDe Lt: N6Rm&
Surg6ry. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, Pa., 1987.
6.loncs,B.D. (e.):ConineandFineGostrenteryy.
W.B. Saurxlers, Philadelphia, Pa., 1986.
/.Key toDietary^ut06m6D Wth Preription HI
PtiXltKis. Hill's Ptt Product, Topeka, Kan.
8. Md R.W.; Bistner, S.l.: Vterinary Fm6duN
UO`R6COI6ulm60f, VEd. W.B. Saunders,
Philadelphia, P + 1985.
9. Kirk, R.W. fe.): luU wyDyI7. Small
AimalP.W.B. Saunde, Philadephia, . 1986.
10. Lew. ll.tlal: 3mOAni Ua!LmlCu Nutrition Ill.
Mar Morrl Associates, Tpeka, Kan., 1987.
11 . Magrane, W.C.` Canine Opthalmloy, rd rQ. LLM
U lebiKPhiladelphia, Pa., 1977.
12. ManCanine and Fline Uolithiasis. VetliDar
Medicine Publishing, lenexa, KaW. 1989.
1. ManagingF-Re;pmive Dises. Veterinary
Mticine Publishing, Lenexa, K,m., 1988.
14.Morgan, R.V. (e.): HmUmOArnD
Practi ce. Churchill Uvingstone, NewYork, N.Y
.
, 1987.
15. Muller, L.H.; Kirk, R. W.: 3mullAniml Deratoloy,
2nd Ed. W.B. ouD0P. Philadelphia, Pa., 1976.
16. FP. lh Ann. Vet Med. Frum, ACVIM. San Diego,
Calif., 1987.
17. F 6thAnn. Vet Me. Frum, ACVIM.
Washington, D.C., 1988.
]b.I. /IOA1m. . Med. rrum, ACIM. San Diego,
Calif., 1989.
19.Rawlings, C.A.: Heartworm Disease i nDog.<and
Cots. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, Pa., 1986.
20.SdentificF t, 56th AD: .NIq., AHA,
L louis, Mo., 1989.
21.5herding, R.G. (ed.): Medical Emergencis. Churchill
Livingstoe, New York, N.Y., 1985.
22. Shcrding, R.G. (ed.): LODi<eo<P.I and Cfriral
^wHrI. Churchill Uvingsn, %Yor N.Y,
1989.
23.Siatter, D.H. (ed.): ODSmal Animal uDw.
W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, Pa., 1 985.
24.Soulsby, E.].l.: Helminths, Arhmpod< 0DPIOIu/m
of Domsti catedADnt:. 7th Ed. Lw UlBUQBl,
Philadelphia, Pa., 1982.

Hill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy (Scan)

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Hill's Atlas of Veterinary Clinical Anatomy (Scan)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

1 Introduction

/W81CD lOwel OID8fy LVIeD

7 HDe LCWl O|D8l\ |8L! Disease

vcDlN |& v|v6