ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Tutorial for 2-D Bridge Design & Analysis Using ANSYS

ENGR 190 Purdue University Calumet

ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

"Node" "Elemen t" 16 in.

4 in.

15 Ib 24 in.

ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Start the ANSYS program by going to StartAll ProgramsAnsys 12.0 Mechanical APDL Product Launcher:

ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Enter the ANSYS program by using the Launcher. Type Bridge (or a file name of your choice) in the Job Name entry field of the dialog box.

Pick Run to start the GUI. Create a title for the problem. This title will appear on ANSYS display windows to provide a simple way of identifying the displays. To create a title, issue the command Utility menu: FileChangeTitle

ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Ansys Window 3.

2.

4.

1.

This is the main window for the Ansys software. The Ansys main menu contains many tools to help us with our design. The most important sub menus for our design are 1. Ansys Main Menu Preprocessor This menu has all the tools to help us build the bridge geometry, and set the bridge parameters, such as material properties, cross-sectional area, etc. Solution Defines the loads and the anchor points for the bridge. When Design is finished, the solve button in the menu gives us the solution to our analysis design. General Postproc This is the menu to view the results of the analysis. 6

ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

2. Ansys Toolbar Save_DB This button saves the database. SAVE OFTEN!!!! Resume_DB If you are reopening Ansys from a crash or close, this button will resume the project at the last save point. 3. Window Toolbar File Standard file menu. Use to save project at desired folder. List Use to list the number of nodes, elements, loads, etc. on the model. Use to confirm correct number of nodes, elements, loads, etc. NOTE. If you have extra nodes or elements, the analysis WILL NOT WORK!!! Plot Use to show elements or nodes on workplane. PlotCtrls Use to show numbering on elements and animate the deformation. 4. Ansys Workplane This is where your design will be shown. The x-y-z coordinate system is set at the point (0,0,0).

ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Part I: Design
To change the background color: Utility menu: PlotCtrlsStyleColorsReverse Video Define the element type and material properties: Main menu: PreprocessorElement typeAdd/Edit/Delete

ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Assign the cross-sectional area of the truss members: Main menu: PreprocessorReal ConstantsAdd/Edit/Delete

ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

NOTE: The AREA we are entering in is not the actual cross-sectional area of the bridge member.

Assign the value of the modulus of elasticity: Main menu: PreprocessorMaterial PropsMaterial ModelsStructuralLinearElasticIsotropic Note: Double-click on Structural and then on Linear, Elastic, and Isotropic.

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Close the Define Material Model Behavior window. Save the input data: ANSYS Toolbar: SAVE_DB Main menu: PreprocessorModelingCreateNodesOn Working Plane On the workplane, apply the joints (nodes):

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

(0,0) Click Apply (4,0) Click Apply (8,0) Click Apply (12,0) Click Apply (16,0) Click Apply (20,0) Click Apply (24,0) Click Apply (4,4) Click Apply (8,4) Click Apply (12,4) Click Apply (16,4) Click Apply (20,4) Click OK 12

ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Turn on the node numbering: Utility menu: PlotCtrlsNumbering

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

You may want to list nodes at this point in order to check your work: Utility menu: ListNodes

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Close ANSYS Toolbar: SAVE_DB ELEMENTS

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Define elements by picking nodes: Main menu: PreprocessorModelingCreateElementsAutoNumberedThru Nodes Node 1 and then node 2 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 2 and then node 3 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 3 and then node 4 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 4 and then node 5 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 5 and then node 6 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 6 and then node 7 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 1 and then node 8 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 8 and then node 9 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 9 and then node 10 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 10 and then node 11 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 11 and then node 12

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node12 and then node 7 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 2 and then node 8 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 2 and then node 9 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 3 and then node 9 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 4 and then node 9 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 4 and then node 10 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 4 and then node 11 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 5 and then node 11 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 6 and then node 11 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply Node 6 and then node 12 Use the middle button anywhere in the ANSYS graphics window to apply

Click OK

Utility menu:PlotCtrlsNumbering 17

ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

This will turn the numbering on the elements on. Allowing us to recognize which member has what force when we get the results back from our analysis.

ANSYS Toolbar: SAVE_DB

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Part II: Analysis
Apply boundary conditions and loads: Main menu: SolutionDefine LoadsApplyStructuralDisplacementOn Nodes Click on node 1 and 7 Click Apply

Main menu: SolutionDefine LoadsApplyStructuralForce/MomentOn Nodes Click on node 4 Click Apply

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Click OK

ANSYS Toolbar: SAVE_DB Solve the problem: Main menu: SolutionSolveCurrent LS

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

For the postprocessing phase, first plot the deformed shape: Main menu: GeneralPlot ResultsDeformed Shape

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

To see the animation: Utility menu: PlotCtrlsAnimateDeformed Results

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Main menu: General PostpocList ResultsNodal Solution

Close

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

To review other results, such as axial forces, we must copy these results into element tables. These items are obtained using item label and sequence numbers. For truss elements, the values of internal forces, which ANSYS computes from the nodal displacement results, may be looked up and assigned to user-defined labels. Main menu: General PostpocElement TableDefine Table

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Main menu: General PostpocElement TableList Element Table

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Note: Negative (+)Tension Positive (-)Compression

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

Element # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Close Exit ANSYS and save everything, including element tables and reaction forces: ANSYS Toolbar: QUIT Force (Ib) Tension or Compressio n Length (in) Size (in)

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ANSYS: 2-D Bridge Tutorial

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