Nh n di n v n : Quy lu t Iceberg - Quy lu t 80/20

The Iceberg Theory is a writing theory stated by American writer Ernest Hemingway, as follows: If a writer of prose knows enough about what he is writing about he may omit things that will have a feeling of those things as strongly as though the writer had stated them. The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water. A good writer does not need to reveal every detail of a character or action.
The Iceberg Theory of the Psyche Freud believed that the psyche, or "soul", of an individual was shaped like an iceberg. The small part that remained above the surface for all to see was the ego, the individual's self image that he projected to the world. Below the surface, much larger, the pleasure-principle, the id, remained away from public view. Lining this iceberg was the superego, representing parental influences. Between the conscious mind (the ego) and the unconscious mind (the id), at the "waterline" of the iceberg, was a line separating the two parts of the individual. Occasionally, the id would poke through that line, but, in most psychologically well-adjusted people, this barrier was a strong one.

Some psychologists compare our consciousness with iceberg. The small visible part of this iceberg is our logical consciousness. And the unseen (underwater) greater part of the iceberg is our subconsciousness. Therefore they say, the man uses only 10% of possibility of his brain. And if it so, why doesnt anybody teach us how to develop our subconsciousness. I think it is because there are few people who understand that the processes of subconsciousness are connected with quantum processes. The subconsciousness theory closely united with quantum theory. These quantum processes which take place in lifeless (inanimate) nature also take place in our brain. Our brain can be the laboratory in which we can test the truth of quantum theory. Pareto's Principle: The 80-20 Rule
The Pareto principle (also known as the 80-20 rule and the law of the vital few) states that in many things, 80% of the consequences come from 20% of the causes. Vilfredo Pareto, an Italian economist is credited with it. He observed that 80 percent of the land in England (and every country he subsequently studied) was owned by 20 percent of the population. Over the years, he and many others observed this rule in action in different spheres. Some examples: Relationship: Twenty percent of the people you know (friends, colleagues, family) provide you with 80 percent of nurturing support and satisfaction. Business: Twenty percent of customers will account for 80 percent of profit. Productivity: Twenty percent of your activities will account for 80 percent of your success. Gardening: Eighty percent of garden peas are produced by 20 percent of the peapods. How can we put the 80-20 principle to good use? The Pareto principle is great to increase focus. Don't try to do more. Just do more of the right things. For example, out of our many maladaptive behaviors, twenty percent of them will contribute to 80 percent of all our hardship and misery. So working on just these 20 percent can greatly contribute to our personal growth. Time management is another area where the rule can be very effective. If you have a lot of work to do, break it down to specific activities and figure out what twenty percent of the tasks listed contributes to eighty percent of the results you seek. Second, give your maximum concentration to those 20 percent tasks. So how do you know if you're working on the twenty percent that really matters? 1. 2. 3. 4. It makes you feel good because you are doing what you always wanted or you know it'll help with your goals. You are doing the tasks that you'd like to procrastinate, but know that it is essential. You delegate tasks to others that you aren't good at. You are doing something that uses your creativity

Hints that you aren't utilising your time effectively: 1. 2. 3. 4. You are doing things that other people want you to do. You are doing things that you aren't good at. You are doing things you don't enjoy doing (provided that it doesn't also contribute to your goals). You are doing things that always take you a lot of time and energy.

With a little effort, and the application of the 80-20 rule, we can save a lot of our emotional and physical energy to concentrate on stuffs that really matter and enrich our life. (Please note that the 20% and 80% mentioned above are intended as rough estimates since actual proportions are rarely exactly 20% and 80%. However it is a very useful rule of thumb to remember Pareto's principle.)

Mt cch n gin, nguyn tc ny c th c pht biu nh sau: Trong qun tr, c 20% cng vic quyt nh 80% thnh cng ca bn, hay 80% nhng tht thot ca bn l do 20% cc sai st to ra, hay 80% doanh thu ca bn l do 20% trong tng s khch hng mang li Trit l ca n l hy tp trung vo nhng g chnh yu, c bn nht thc hin, nhm mang li hiu qu ti a. y l mt nguyn l rt n gin, nhng li l cng c sc bn ca qun tr. Hy th nhn li trong thc t. Gi s bn ang c 100 khch hng, c phi l trong s c khong 20 khch hng ln nht ang chim khong 80% doanh s ca bn. Nu ch 1 trong s khch hng bt mn, bn c hnh dung mnh thit hi c no. Vy bn s lm g nu lc lng nhn s bn hng ca mnh cn mng? Hoc bn s lm g nu mun tng qu tt cho khch hng? Nguyn tc ny cn th hin qua mt cng c gi l biu Pareto trong qun tr cht lng. Trong biu , ngi ta lit k cc nguyn nhn gy li v chn ra nguyn nhn no gy li nhiu nht khc phc trc, c th ln lt cho tng nguyn nhn trong tng thi im. p dng nguyn l 20-80, gip bn t kt qu nhiu nht bng nhng n lc va phi. Cn c th pht biu nguyn tc ny nh sau: Chn ng vic m lm. V trong tng vic phi bit chn ra nhng khu xung yu, nhng im quan trng tp trung n lc gii quyt. Lm vic trn lan va km hiu qu va ri v cn c th b stress na.

p dng nguyn tc 20-80

Chc chn ri s c nhiu ngi p dng nguyn tc ny theo kiu thng k, c ngha l bn bt u tp hp s liu hot ng, ri phn tch xem u l 20, u l 80. Bn i ng hng ri . Tuy nhin, c mt cch n gin hn, m hu hiu khng ng. Ngi ta ni rng, phn ln trong cuc sng, ch c 20% cng sc m bn b ra c mang li kt qu, cn 80% l cng cc. Bn c th ci thin c iu , nu thay i thi quen lm vic ca mnh. Chng hn trong cc cuc bu c, mi ngi c thng i m s phiu bu cho 1 ng c vin no . Nhng cch lm hiu qu hn li l m s phiu khng bu cho ng c vin, v s phiu khng bu bao gi cng t hn, cng sc v th cng t hn, m li sai st.

iu cha bit ca vn rt nhiu (80%), iu nhn thy v nhn bit c ch l phn ni (20%). Nhng ch vi 20% n lc (causes) th t c 80% hiu qu ( consequences)

Nhn din vn
Nhn din vn (u tin ha vn ) - Mc khn cp ca vn (Quan trng Khng cn c hi) - Quy m ca vn (Quan trng ln hay nh?) - Phm vi ca vn (Khoanh vng vn - Lin i n ai?) Ti sao phi nhn din vn ? - t mc u tin - Khoanh vng phn tch gii quyt

Nhn din vn l bc quan trng nht gii quyt vn mt cch hiu qu.

u tin ha v n s bi t ph i lm chuy n g tr c. Khng bi t u tin ha v n s lm o l n m i cng vi c, v n cng tr nn ph c t p, kh gi i quy t. Ng i thnh t th ng bi t lm chuy n g tr c, chuy n g sau v c chuy n khng nn lm, chuy n khng c n thi t ph i lm. Thng th ng ta chia cng vi c ra lm 4 nhm: A (Quan tr ng+Kh n c p), B (Khng quan tr ng+Kh n c p), C (Khng Quan tr ng+Khng kh n c p), D (Quan tr ng+Khng kh n c p). D Quan Tr ng Khng kh n c p C Khng quan tr ng Khng kh n c p A Quan tr ng Kh n c p B Khng quan tr ng Kh n c p

u tin ha theo kh n c p th con ng i lc no cng b n r n nhng hi u qu khng cao. Cng vi c quan tr ng nhng gi i quy t trong tr ng thi kh n c p lm cho con ng i b cng th ng, t t b t v c m th y khng th i gian, d b nh m l n, d sai st Cng vi c khng bao gi t hi u qu th m ch c khi b th t b i u ng cng, ph s c. Ng i u tin ha theo kh n c p tuy lm nhi u hn nhng hi u qu l i km hn v lc no cng s c p kh n c p r t u i. Trong th c t ng i ta hay u tin cng vi c A r i n D. V n quan tr ng nhng do khng bi t tr c ho c nhn th y tr c, ho c do ch quan khng chu n b nn khi x y ra t ng t th v n tr nn kh n c p. Th c ra m i v n quan tr ng u khng kh n c p n u c ho ch nh t tr c ho c c t m nhn t xa v c chu n b th cng vi c quan tr ng khng cn trang thi kh n c p n a. Cng vic quan trng lm trong trng thi khng khn cp rt d gii quyt v t hiu qu cao, nu c sai st vn c thi gian khc phc. Trong hnh ng ta nn ch n D tr c r i n A v lm t nhng hi u qu t nhi u. The best way: Work less Make more u tin ha cng vi c l phng php v b b t nh ng vi c khng quan tr ng. tv n c a ng i thnh t. Ch u tin gi i quy t cng vi c t lc cha kh n c p

Trong th c t ng i ta thch lm nh ng cng vi c vi n vng, c m tnh (s di n, ham vui, c n ) m khng ch tm vo cc cng vi c quan tr ng c a i mnh (s c kh e, hoi bo, c m, m c ch chi n l c). Khi cng vi c tr nn kh n c p m i loay hoay lm l i t u th khng cn th i gian n a v k t qu l m t con s khng trn trnh. (VD: Cu c ua gi a th v ra).

Kt lun: Cng vic quan trng thc hin trong trng thi khn cp th thng tht bi. Ti sao ta
khng t b cng vic quan trng v khn cp ngay t u chun b cho cuc ua mi? Gim mc khn cp xung khng khn cp (chp nhn thua cuc) l bin php ti u nht. V l cng vic quan trng ta phi lun suy ngh gii php v tn cng sc thc hin. Cng vic quan trng v khn cp v ta cha bao gi b thi gian suy ngh v gii quyt n.

Nh n di n v n l b c quan tr ng nh t gi i quy t v n m t cch hi u qu .

V d 1: Hai ng i i d o trn bng g p bng g u t xa. M t ng i v i vng ng i xu ng x giy tr t tuy t. Ng i cn l i h i: G u s b t k p chng ta cho d ch y b ng giy tr t tuy t. Ng i kia tr l i: G u ch b t c m t ng i, v n l ti x giy tr c ch y nhanh hn anh V d 2: Phim video: Trn o m t ng i ang t p th d c v i ng tc ht t tay t t i c a xe con 4 ch . Ng i li xe t i th y v y v i d ng xe xu ng y ph h t xe con 4 ch xu ng ni. Ng i li xe t i nh n di n v n sai, cho r ng ng i kia mu n y xe h xu ng ni kh i chon ch ng o, ch khng bi t r ng ng i kia ang t p th d c.