Computer-Aided Mechanical Drawing_CH.

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JKShim

MECH210-02 Computer Aided Mechanical Drawing Instructor: Byoung-Ho Choi (Innovation Hall 420) Class Hours: Friday 2:00 PM 5:45 PM References:
Mechanical drawing and AutoCAD 2000, Lee, J.W et al., Bookshill (2001) (in Korean) KS Standards (in Korean) Engineering Drawing and Design, Fourth Edition, C. Jensen and J. Helsel, McGraw-Hill, 1996, etc. ProEngineer, UGS NX related books etc. Grading : Practice 20%, Term project 30%, Written exam 30%, Attendence 20% (Please inform me if you have any special reason not to attend the class)
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Overview of the Class

This class (MECH220) consists of the lecture on the basic of drafting and the practice using commercial programs such as AutoCAD, UGS NX and ProEngineer. AutoCAD is used for 2D drafting and UGS NX and ProEngineer are used for 3D drafting during the class. Objective of the class
Fundamental understanding of the design of mechanical structures Evaluation of the capability of drafting machinary and manufacturing mechanical structures using drafting standards Evaluation of the drafting capability by understanding the needs from industry Understanding and learning of new commercial drafting programs Understanding of international drafting standards

Students will be evaluated and grades assigned based on their demonstrated knowledge of the subject matter and their ability to apply that knowledge to the solution of assigned problems during given time period. Term projects will be given to complete drafts of 2D and 3D objects. Midterm exams are written exams for the understand of drafting standards.
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Brief History of Drawing

More than 20000 years, drawing is a universal language. Even before prehistoric man tried to communicate ideas by making the dirt floors of caves. Examples of old drawing Wheelbarrow-like mechanism (Mesopotamia, 3200BC) A floor plan of fortress made on a clay tablet (4000BC) Roman architects equipped drawing skills such as top, front and side views as well as perspective views Leonardo da Vinci adapted drawing theories but he did not make any multiview drawings. But he frequently use pictorial drawing in showing how to fit each parts together Surprisingly, drawings on parchment (very old drawings) can be still found now, but only a few drawing on the paper (invented 12th century) can be found though there were a lot of drawings on fortresses, buildings, mechanisms
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University 3

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Background of CAD
Classical devices for drafting: Large/small bow compasses, a set of frictional dividers, protractors, special templates, irregular/flexible curves, T-square/parallel edge, drafting machines, tracing paper, pencils (9H, 6H, 2H, H, F(HB), 6P, 2P and P), erasing shield, triangles, scales, metric scale Engineers should be able to make clear and concise sketches that can be given to drafters for the actual preparation of the drawings CAD (Computer aided design) and CADD (CAD Drafting): CAD is an analysis technique, a way of modeling the performance of the product. CADD is the actual drafting using a computer CAD and CAM (Computer-aided manufacturing): Integrated CAD/CAM system is very useful to increase the productivity and accuracy of the manufacturing process, which is categorized as Engineering design Design drawing/drafting Planning or scheduling Fabrication/Machining
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Sketches vs. Drafts (French et al., Mechanical Drawing (1992))

Technical discussions (Ideas)

Unfam iliar described

Futuristic untried Drafting Sketches Design

Understanding

Interpretation

Detail

Decision
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Product
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Drawing!! Why? Drawing of Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519)

ARTICULATED WING
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AERIAL SCREW

33-BARRELLED ORGAN

Pictures from http://www.museoscienza.org/english/leonardo/

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(http://www.drawingsofleonardo.org/)

A flying machine (1488-1505)

Design of a boat (1487)

He was also drawing various features such as religious pictures, human anatomy, machines, scientific drawings etc.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University

Computer-Aided Mechanical Drawing_CH.1~2 edited by Byoung-Ho Choi

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3-D MODELING

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Computer-Aided Mechanical Drawing_CH.1~2 edited by Byoung-Ho Choi

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Drawing: Language of international industry Transmission and preservation of information The main objective of drawing is the transmission and preservation of the detail information, i.e. shape, dimension, material, method of manufacturing, usage etc., of product to final users or manufacturers. CAD (Computer-Aided Drawing) Zoom; Pan; Rotation; Cut and Paste; Easy to modify. Standards of drawing ISO (International Standardization Organization) KS, ANSI (American National Standards Institute), DIN, JIS, BS (British Standard), NF (France), etc. Some branches engineering drawings Mechanical drawing; Electrical and electronics drawing; Architectural and structural drawings
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Classification of drawing Manufacturing illustration: Specifying the parts and tools needed for an assembly, which is also used to show the mechanism, operation of the product

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Outline assembly drawing: Drawing all parts with accurate dimensions

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Unit assembly drawing: drawing of a specific portion from an outline assembly drawing

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Detail drawing: Detail information of the production of a single part

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Detail Sketch: Rough drawing but containing important information including dimensions

Piping diagram: Drawing of piping (e.g. water, gas etc)

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Size of paper and layout of drawing sheet

A0= 1m2 RATIO 1: 2

A3 A1 A2

A4 A4

Border line Center mark Title block Center mark

Trim line

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Title Block (): Draft number, title, scale, organization, date, name of drafter etc should be written Unit ( ): mm in general (SI units). If other units are used, the unit should be clearly written on the paper Angles ( ): degrees () but minutes(), seconds() can be used if necessary Scales: A():B()

Scales of row 1 have a priority for the actual selection

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2. Line and Letters 2-1 Line

Alphabet of lines Visible line Hidden line Center line Phantom line Continuous line Line with the repetition of short lines Line with the repetition of short line and dots Line with the repetition of 2 dots between short lines

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Three kinds of lines based on thickness There are three classes of the thickness of lines, i.e thin (), medium (), thick ( ) and thickness ratio is 1:2:4 Thin lines (): Thickness: less than 0.20.3mm Usage: Virtual outline/contour of the product (not real contour). Medium lines (): Thickness: Between thin and thick lines Usage: Hidden lines Thick lines ( ): Thickness: 0.4~0.8mm Usage: Real contour of the product
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Classification of lines ( 2.1)

Visible line Dimension line Extension line Leader Revolved section line Center line

Hidden line

Center line Baseline Pitch line

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Phantom line

Center line of gravity Short-break line

Cutting plane line

Cross section Lines (Hatching)

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Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University

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Computer-Aided Mechanical Drawing_CH.1~2 edited by Byoung-Ho Choi

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Priority of overlapped lines Visible line > Hidden line > Cutting plane line > Center line > Center line of gravity > Dimension line

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2.2 Lettering Letters should be clearly written Letters should be written from left to right Arabic numbers are primarily used The font of letters is Gothic. Letters should be inclined and the inclination angle is 15 degrees to the right-hand in principle There are eleven (11) types of height of letters in principle: 20, 16, 12.5, 10, 8, 6.3, 5, 4, 3.2, 2.5, 2 mm

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Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University

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Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University

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