SULIT 4541/2 Chemistry Paper 2 May 2009 2 hours

Name Form

JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA

____________________________________________________________ UJIAN PENGESANAN PERTENGAHAN TAHUN SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2009

CHEMISTRY Paper 2 Two hours and thirty minutes DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO 1. This question paper consists of three sections: Section
A, Section B and Section C.

2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers 3.

for Section A in the spaces provided in the question paper. Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C. Answers questions in Section B and Section C in detail. You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain your answer. Show your working. It may help you to get marks. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated. Marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator. Hand in your answer sheets at the end of the examination

4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

For Examiners use only Section No. Marks 1 2 3 A 4 5 6 Total 7 B 8 Total 9 C 10 Total Total marks

2 This question paper consists of 22 printed pages [Lihat sebelah

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON

1. This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.

2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the spaces provided in the question paper.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian A dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan

3. Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C. Write your answers for Section B and Section C on the `writing paper provided by the invigilators. Answer questions in Section B and Section C in detail. You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain your answer.
Jawab satu soalan daripada Bahagian B dan satu soalan daripada Bahagian C. Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian B dan Bahagian C pada kertas tulis yang disediakan. Jawab Bahagian B dan Bahagian C dengan terperinci. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan, gambar rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda

4. Show your working. It may help you to get marks.

Tunjukkan kerja mengira.Ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah.

5. If you wish to change your answer, neatly cross out the answer that you have done. Then write down the new answer.
Sekiranya anda hendak membatalkan sesuatu jawapan, buat garisan di atas jawapan itu.

6. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated.
Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukiskan mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan

7. Marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets.
Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan

8.

The time suggested to answer Section A is 90 minutes, Section B is 30 minutes and Section C is 30 minutes.
Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Bahagian A ialah 90 minit, Bahagian B ialah 30 minit dan Bahagian C ialah 30 minit

9. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.

Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan.

10. Hand in your answer sheets at the end of the examination.

Serahkan semua kertas jawapan anda di akhir peperiksaan

Section A Bahagian A [ 60 marks ] [ 60 markah ] Answer all questions in this section

Jawab semua soalandalam bahagian ini.

Table 1.1 shows the number of protons, nucleon number and number of electrons for five elements. Jadual 1.1 menunjukkan bilangan proton, nombor nucleon dan bilangan electron untuk lima unsur. Elements Unsur A B C E Number of Protons Bilangan proton 6 8 13 17 Table 1.1 Use information from Table 1.1 to answer the following questions Gunakan maklumat dari Jadual 1.1 untuk menjawab soalan berikut. Nucleon Number Nombor nukleon 12 16 27 35 Number of Electrons Bilangan elektron 6 8 10 17

(a)

(i)

What is the number of neutrons for element C ? Apakah bilangan neutron untuk unsur C ? . [1 mark]

1(a)(i)
1

(ii)

State an element which is an isotope to the atom Nyatakan unsur yang merupakan isotop kepada atom . [1 mark]

1(a)(ii)
1

(iii) Draw the electron arrangement of an atom in an element A Lukis susunan elektron dalam atom unsur A.

1(a)(iii)
4

(b)

[4 marks] Table 1.2 shows the melting point and boiling point of three substances. Jadual 1.2 menunjukkan takat lebur dan takat didih untuk tiga sebatian. Melting point/ C Boiling point/ C Takat lebur/ C Takat didih/ C -5 67 -105 -38 801 1413 Table 1.2 Use information from Table 1.2 to answer the following questions Gunakan maklumat dari Jadual 1.2 untuk menjawab soalan berikut Substances Bahan P Q S

(i)

What is the physical state of P and S at room temperature?

Apakah keadaan fizikal sebatian P dan S pada suhu bilik ?

P: ......................................................................................................................... S: .........................................................................................................................

1(b)(i)

(ii)

[2 marks] Explain why substance Q has low melting point and boiling point. Terangkan kenapa sebatian Q mempunyai takat lebur dan takat didih yang rendah.
. . .

1(b)(ii)
2

[2 mark]

Total A1
10

Figure 2.1 shows the apparatus set up used in an experiment to determine the empirical formula for an oxide of lead Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan susunan rajah yang digunakan bagi menentukan formula empirik bagi oksida plumbum oxide of lead oksida plumbum dry hydrogen hidrogen kering

Figure 2.1 Rajah 2.1 The following data was obtained based on the experiment : Data berikut diperolehi berdasarkan suatu ekperimen Mass of an oxide of lead = 4.78 g Jisim oksida plumbum Mass of lead = 4.14 g Jisim plumbum (a) What is meant by empirical formula ? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan formula empirik ? 2(a) ... ... [ 1 mark ] (b) Name one substance that can be used to dry the hydrogen gas. Namakan bahan yang boleh digunakan untuk mengeringkan gas hidrogen. ............................................................................................................................... [ 1 mark] Why does the hydrogen gas need to be passed through the combustion tube for a few minutes before heating ? Mengapakah gas hidrogen dialirkan ke dalam tiub pembakaran beberapa minit sebelum pemanasan ? 2(c) ............................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................................
1 1

2(b)
1

(c)

6 [ 1 mark] (d) How to ensure the reaction is complete ? Bagaimana anda memastikan tindak balas adalah lengkap? ............................................................................................................................... [ 2 marks ] Based on the above result, Berdasarkan keputusan di atas, Determine the empirical formula for oxide of lead ? Tentukan formula empirik bagi oksida plumbum ? [Relative atomic mass for O = 16 and Pb = 207] [Jisim atom relatif bagi O = 16 and Pb = 207.] 2(d)
2

(e)

2(e) [ 4 marks ] (f) Why does the empirical formula of magnesium oxide cannot be determined using the above method ? Mengapa formula empirik magnesium oksida tidak boleh ditentukan menggunakan kaedah di atas ? ............................................................................................................................... [ 1 mark ] Total A2
10

2(f)
1

Figure 3.1 shows a set up apparatus for reaction between one of the alkali metal with oxygen. Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk tindakbalas antara salah satu logam alkali dengan oksigen.

Sodium burnt Natrium terbakar

Oxygen gas Gas oksigen

Figure 3.1 (a) Write the chemical equation for this reaction. Tulis persamaan kimia untuk tindakbalas ini. [3 marks] State your observation when 10 cm3 of water which contained phenolphthalein is poured into the gas jar after the reaction is stopped. Nyatakan pemerhatian anda bila 10 cm3 air mengandungi fenolftalein dimasukkan ke dalam jar gas selepas tindak balas berhenti. . [1 mark] Substance A which is located below sodium in the Periodic Table of Element is used to replace sodium in this experiment Unsur A terletak dibawah natrium dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur digunakan menggantikan natrium dalam eksperimen ini. State your observation. Nyatakan pemerhatian anda. [1 mark] 3(c)
1

3(a)
3

(b)

3(b)
1

(c)

(d)

Table 3.2 shows the elements in period 3 of the Periodic Table of Elements. Jadual 3.2 menunjukkan unsur-unsur dalam kala 3 Jadual Berkala Unsur. Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar

Table 3.2 Jadual 3.2 Use information from Table 3.2 to answer the following questions. Gunakan maklumat dari Jadual 3.2 untuk menjawab soalan berikut. (i) Why all these elements are located in period 3 ? Kenapa semua unsur ini terletak dalan kala 3 ? ... [1 mark] State the changes of the atomic size of the elements across Period 3 from left to right. Nyatakan perubahan saiz atom apabila merentasi Kala 3 dari kiri ke kanan. 3(d)(i)
1

(ii)

3(d)(ii)
1

... [1 mark] (iii) Explain your answer in (b)(ii). Terangkan jawapan anda di (b)(ii). ..

3(d)(iii) .. .. [3 marks]
3

Total A3
10

Diagram 4.1 shows the apparatus set-up for the electrolysis of two electrolytes that is molten lead(II) bromide in Cell I and 2.0 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution in Cell II using carbon electrode P, Q, R and S Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk elektrolisis dua elektrolit iaitu leburan plumbum(II) bromida dalam Sel I dan larutan natrium klorida 2.0 mol dm-3 dalam Sel II dengan menggunakan elektrod karbon P, Q, R dan S

Cell I Sel I Diagram 4.1 Rajah 4.1 (a)

Cell II Sel II

What is meant by electrolyte? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan elektrolit? 4(a) ... ... [ 1 mark ]
1

(b)

Mark the positive electrode and negative electrode in Cell I Tandakan elektrod positif dan negatif pada Sel 1 [ 1 mark ]

4(b)
1

(c)

(i)

State the observation at electrode P in Cell 1 Nyatakan pemerhatian pada elektrod P dalam Sel 1 ... [ 1 mark ] Name the product at electrode P in Cell 1 Namakan hasil pada elektrod P dalam Sel 1 ...

4(c)(i)
1

(ii)

4(c)(ii)
1

10 [ 1 mark ] (d) Based on Cell II : Berdasarkan Sel II: (i) State all the ions in the electrolyte Nyatakan semua ion-ion yang hadir dalam elektrolit ... [ 1 mark ] (ii) In the table below, state the ions in (d)(i) which moved to electrodes R and S Dalam jadual di bawah, nyatakan ion-ion di (d)(i) yang bergerak ke elektrod R dan S. Electrode R Elektrod R Electrode S Elektrod S 4(d)(ii)
2

4(d)(i)
1

[ 2 marks ] (iii) Name the ion selectively discharged at electrode R Namakan ion yang dipilih untuk didiscas di elektrod R ... [ 1 mark ] (iv) Explain your answer in (d) (iii) Terangkan jawapan anda dalam d(iii). ... [ 1 mark ] (v) Write a half equation for the reaction that occurs at electrode R Tuliskan setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas yang berlaku di elektrod R ... [ 1 mark ] 4(d)(iii)
1

4(d)(iv)
1

4(d)(v)
1

Total A4
10

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Table 5.1 shows a result which are obtained when a student investigated the reaction between 3.09 g of zinc granules and excess dilute sulphuric acid at 30 oC .The gas was collected and its volume is measured every 20 seconds. Jadual 5.1 menunjukkan keputusan yang diperolehi bila seorang pelajar mengkaji tindakbalas antara 3.09 g kepingan zink dengan asid sulfurik cair berlebihan pada suhu 30oC.Gas dikumpul dan isipadunya diukur setiap 20 saat. Time/s Vol/cm3 0 0 20 30 40 48 60 80 64 74 Table 5.1 100 82 120 88 140 90 160 90

Use information from Table 5.1 to answer the following questions. Gunakan maklumat dari Jadual 5.1 untuk menjawab soalan berikut (a) Complete the diagram to show how the gas could be collected and its volume measured. Lengkapkan rajah berikut untuk menunjukkan bagaimana gas dikumpul dan isipadunya disukat.
.

Sulphuric acid Asid sulfurik Zinc Zink (b) (i) [ 2 marks ] Draw the graph of volume of gas collected against the time on the graph paper provided based on the result at Table 5.1. Lukiskan graf isipadu gas yang dikumpul melawan masa diatas kertas graf yang disediakan berdasarkan keputusan pada Jadual 5.1. [ 3 marks ]

5(a)
2

5(b)(i)
3

12

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(ii)

Based on the graph, calculate the rate of reaction at 40 seconds. Show the tangent on the graph at (b)(i) . Berdasarkan graf yang diplot, kira kadar tindakbalas pada masa 40 saat. Tunjukkan tangen diatas graf pada (b)(i).

5(b)(ii) [ 2 marks ] (c) The above experiment is repeated using the same mass of zinc powder and excess dilute sulphuric acid at the same temperature. Sketch the graph of the volume of gas produced against time on the same graph paper in (b)(i). Eksperimen diatas diulang menggunakan serbuk zink yang sama jisimnya dan asid sulfurik cair yang berlebihan pada suhu yang sama . Lakarkan graf isipadu gas yang dikumpul melawan masa pada kertas graf yang sama pada (b)(i). [ 2 marks ] Explain why the rate of reaction decrease with time ? Terangkan mengapa kadar tindakbalas berkurang dengan masa ? 5(d) .. .. [ 1 mark ]
1 2

5(c)
2

(d)

Total A5
10

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Diagram 6.1 shows the conversion of organic compounds from one homologous series to another and its chemical properties. Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan perubahan bagi sebatian organik dari satu siri homolog kepada siri homolog lain dan sifat kimianya.

Carbon dioxide + water Karbon dioksida + air

Propan-1-ol Propan-1-ol II

Oxidation Pengoksidan

Compound X Sebatian X

Aluminium oxide, Al2 3 Aluminium Oxide,Al2OO3 Aluminium oksida, Al 3 Aluminium oxida, Al2O2O3

Hydrocarbon Y Hidrokarbon Y + H2(g) / Ni / Heat + H2(g) / Ni / Panaskan Hydrocarbon Z Hidrokarbon Z Diagram 6.1 Rajah 6.1 (a) (i) Name the homologous series for propan-1-ol. Namakan siri homolog bagi propan-1ol. ....... [ 1 mark ] (ii) Draw the structural formula for propan-1-ol Lukiskan formula struktur bagi propan-1-ol 6(a)(ii) [ 1 mark ] (b) Write the chemical equation for conversion I Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi perubahan I ... [ 2 marks ] 6(b)
2 1

6(a)(i)
1

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(c)

Name compound X Namakan sebatian X ... [ 1 mark ] (i) Name the reaction for conversion II Namakan tindak balas bagi perubahan II ... [ 1 mark ] Draw the set- up of apparatus that can be used in conversion II. Lukiskan susunan radas yang boleh digunakan perubahan II.

6(c)
1

(d)

6(d)(i)
1

(ii) .

6(d)(ii) [ 2 marks ]
2

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(e)

Hexene and hexane are compounds in the same homologous series as hydrocarbon Y and hydrocarbon Z. Diagram below shows the burning of hexene and hexane in air. Heksena dan heksana adalah sebatian dalam siri homolog yang sama seperti hidrokarbon Y dan hidrokarbon Z Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pembakaran heksena dan heksana dalam udara Soot Jelaga Filter paper Kertas turas

Porcelain dish
Mangkuk pijar

Hexene Heksena

Hexane Heksana 6(e)

2

Compare the sootiness of hexane and hexene. Explain. Bandingkan kejelagaan bagi heksana dan heksena. Terangkan. [ 2 marks ]

Total A6
10

17 Section B [20 marks] Answer any one question. The time suggested to answer this section is 30 minutes. 7 (a) (b) What is the meaning of rate of reaction? Apakah maksud kadar tindak balas? [1 mark] Table 7.1 shows the experiment which are carried out by a student. Jadual 7.1 menunjukkan eksperimen yang dilakukan oleh seorang pelajar Experiment I Hydrochloric acid 0.1 moldm-3 Asid hidroklorik 0.1 mol dm-3 Set-up of apparatus Susunan radas II Hydrochloric acid 0.5 mol dm-3 Asid hidroklorik 0.1 mol dm-3 III Hydrchloric acid 0.5 mol dm-3 + copper (II) sulphate solution Asid hidroklorik 0.1 mol dm-3 + larutan kuprum(II) sulfat

0.2g magnesium ribbon 0.2 g pita magnesium Temperature/oC Suhu Time taken for all the magnesium to dissolve/s Masa diambil untuk semua magnesium larut /s 30

0.2 g magnesium ribbon 0.2 g pita magnesium 30

0.2 g magnesium ribbon 0.2 g pita magnesium 30

50

20

15

Table 7.1 Jadual 7.1

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(i)

Write the chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid. Calculate the maximum volume of hydrogen gas produced. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindakbalas antara magnesium dan asid hidroklorik. Kira isipadu maksimum gas hydrogen yang dihasilkan. [Relative atomic mass : Mg = 24; Molar gas volume = 24 dm mol-1 at room condition] [Jisim atom relative : Mg = 24; Isipadu molar = 24 dm mol-1 pada keadaan bilik] [5 marks] (ii) Sketch the graphs for the volume of hydrogen gas against time for Experiments I, II and III on the same axes. Di atas paksi yang sama , lakarkan graf bagi isipadu gas melawan masa untuk Eksperimen I, II dan III [3 marks] (iii) Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiments I, II and III in g s-1. Kira kadar tindakbalas purata untuk Eksperimen I, II dan III dalam unit g s-! [3 marks] (iv) Compare the rates of reaction between Experiment I and Experiment II, and between Experiment II and Experiment III. With reference to collision theory, explain why there are differences in the rates of reaction in the experiments. Bandingkan kadar tindakbalas antara Eksperimen I dengan Eksperimen II dan antara Eksperimen II dengan Eksperimen III. Dengan merujuk kepada Teori Perlanggaran , terangkan mengapa terdapat perbezaan tersebut. [8 marks]

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(a)

Using suitable examples, explain what is meant by Dengan menggunakan contoh yang sesuai, terangkan apakah yang dimaksudkan (i) (ii) Strong acid / asid kuat Weak acid / asid lemah [4 marks]

(b)

In a titration, 22.0 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid is required to neutralize 25.0 cm3 of potassium hydroxide solution. Dalam satu pentitratan 22.0 cm3 asid sulfurik 0.1 mol dm-3 diperlukan untuk menuetralkan 25.0 cm3 larutan kalium hidroksida. (i) (ii) Write the chemical equation of the reaction. Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas ini. Calculate the concentration of potassium hydroxide used in this experiment. Hitung kepekatan larutan kalium hidroksida yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini. [6 marks]

(c) Magnesium sulphate is a soluble salt. Magnesium sulfat adalah garam terlarutkan. Describe a laboratory experiment to prepare a dry magnesium sulphate. In your description, include the chemical equation involved. Huraikan satu eksperimen makmal untuk menyediakan garam magnesium sulfat yang kering. Dalam huraian anda sertakan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang terlibat. [10 marks]

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Section C [20 marks] Answer any one question. The time suggested to answer this section is 30 minutes. 9 Substance X is a hydrocarbon compound. The empirical formula of substance X is CH2 . Given that the relative atomic mass of C = 12 , H = 1 and Relative Molecular Mass X = 56 Bahan X ialah sebatian hidrokarbon. Formula empirik bagi bahan X ialah CH2. Diberi jisim atom relatif bagi C=12, H=1 dan Jisim Molekul Relatif X = 56 (a) State the meaning of hydrocarbon. Nyatakan maksud hidrokarbon [1 mark] (b) Determine the molecular formula of substance X. Tentukan formula molekul bagi bahan X. [3 marks] (c) Based on the answer in 9(b), draw the structural formula for all the isomers of X. Name the isomers Berdasarkan jawapan di 9(b), lukiskan formula struktu r bagi semua isomer X. Namakan isomer tersebut. [6 marks] (d) You are required to prepare ethyl butanoate. The chemical supplied are Anda dikehendaki menyediakan etil butanoat. Bahan kimia yang dibekalkan adalah Butanoic acid Asid butanoik Ethanol Etanol Concentrated sulphuric acid Asid sulfurik pekat Describe a laboratory experiment to prepare ethyl butanoate. In your description, include the observation and the chemical equations involved. Huraikan suatu eksperimen makmal bagi menyediakan etil butanoat. Dalam huraian anda nyatakan pemerhatian dan tuliskan persamaan kimia yang terlibat. [10 marks]

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10

(a) (b)

Name an industrial process to manufacture ammonia. Namakan proses industri bagi menghasilkan ammonia. [1 mark] Explain briefly how ammonia are produce in (a). In your explanation include the chemical equation, catalyst used, temperature and pressure of the process. Terangkan secara ringkas bagaimana ammonia dihasilkan di(a). Dalam penerangan anda tuliskan persamaan kimia sertakan nyatakan mangkin, suhu dan tekanan yang digunakan dalam proses ini. [7 marks] Bronze is harder than pure copper. Gangsa lebih keras dari kuprum tulen With the help of labeled diagram, describe a laboratory experiment to compare the hardness of alloy and pure copper . Dengan bantuan rajah berlabel , terangkan eksperimen yang boleh dijalankan di makmal untuk membandingkan kekerasan aloi dan kuprum tulen

( c)

(d)

[10 marks] Figure 10.1 shows one of the product which is made from composite. Name the composite and state one property of the composite. Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan barangan yang dibuat dari komposit. Namakan komposit tersebut dan nyatakan satu sifatnya. Helmet Topi keledar

Figure 10.1 Rajah 10.1 [2 marks] END OF QUESTION PAPER KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

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