Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Group 11
Deep Sinha (1111021) Arnab Biswas (1111090) Rohit Kumar Verma (1111 139) Nirmalya Mandal (1111200) Abhilash Kumar Sethi (1111323) Kishore Kumar Gangwani (1121011)
Table of Contents
Abstract ................................................................................................................................................... 3 1. 2. History ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Major Web Browsers and Market Share ........................................................................................ 4 2.2 Market Share................................................................................................................................. 4 2.2 Usage Drivers ................................................................................................................................ 4 3. Primary Research Findings and Methodology ................................................................................ 5 3.1 Pilot Surveys .................................................................................................................................. 5 3.2 Focus Group Study ........................................................................................................................ 6 3.3 Depth Interview ............................................................................................................................ 6 4. 5. Marketing Decision Problem........................................................................................................... 8 Marketing Research Problem ......................................................................................................... 9
6. Research Approach ............................................................................................................................. 9 6.1 Analytical Models .......................................................................................................................... 9 6.2 Research Questions .................................................................................................................... 10 6.3 Hypothesis and Specification of Information needed ................................................................ 11 7. Research Design ............................................................................................................................ 13 7.1 Research type.............................................................................................................................. 13 7.2 Descriptive Research Design ....................................................................................................... 14 Surveys .......................................................................................................................................... 14 8. 9. Measurement and Scaling procedures ......................................................................................... 14 Sampling Plan ................................................................................................................................ 15 9.1 Target population ....................................................................................................................... 15 9.2 Sampling Technique .................................................................................................................... 15 10. 11. Way ahead ................................................................................................................................... 15 References ................................................................................................................................... 15
Abstract
This preliminary report explores the attributes that an average user of Internet user in looks for in a browser. The concepts learnt in the course Research for Marketing Decisions are used to devise a methodology to go about the research. The purpose of the project is to answer the management decision problem by formulating various management research problems and their corresponding questions and then by analysing and rejecting the hypothesis. The Management Decision Problem (MDP) that is studied in this project is to find the profile for the user of web-browsers and decide which segments of the population Internet Explorer should target. Based on customer profiling studies, we would also recommend what re positioning strategy Internet Explorer should adopt. To investigate the MDP suitable marketing research problems such as the expectations of user from a web browser, determination of the image of Internet Explorer among the general consumers, determination of user awareness and perception of Internet Explorer and the market segment that Internet Explorer should consider to target were identified. Data collection was done through pilot surveys, focus group discussions and in depth interviews. The research methodology consists of both primary and secondary research. Focus group discussion, depth-interview and pilot survey were employed as exploratory research to understand consumer perceptions about various Internet browsers and in particular Internet Explorer, compared to the other competitors and used laddering technique to understand the hidden intent behind web browser choosing preference.
1. History
The history of browser can be traced back to 1990 when Tim Berners-Lee invented a web browser called WorldWideWeb and was later renamed Nexus. In 1993, Mosaic was invented which was later renamed to Netscape which had brought revolution in the world of internet browsers. Netscape is still considered to be the worlds most popular browser of all time.
will have to close all tabs if one tab is unresponsive. IE allows better streaming and saving of flash files. Mozilla is the best in add on features. IE is slow in initial start-up time. IE uses cache memory tries to get most of the data first and displays it; that is why its initial loading time is large. Google provides good looks and it fetches data and displays it is available to it. Google chrome captures all usage data and uses it for marketing purpose. Q2: What features are the most important driver for users and perception of IE as web browser? A: Simplicity and speed, security and loading time and flash support. IE is slow and secure. Websites are not compatible with new version of IE (9). Most users are afraid of upgrading their browsers because they fear they might lose data and other bookmarks. Q3: What is the security features that users look in the browsers? A: Most people are not aware of security issues. So IEs high security features are not popular among its users. Chrome has an open data policy. People can download their bookmarks and mail data and account information. But it is very tricky in IE, like one cannot find/recover their saved passwords. Q4: What should IE do regarding its current position? A: Microsoft should make it an open source browser; this will increase the developer communitys interest in the new browser (IE 9). Microsoft should focus on tablets and smartphones as the new platform for expansion and increasing its market share. Q5: What are the other things that you can say about IE and other browsers? For IE plug-ins are less. So it cannot use the parallel processing capability to make websites open fast. Google chrome gives by default to save file as pdf while printing. These features are not present in IE. Strong points of IE: IE as a browser has the first mover advantage in the web-browser market, i.e. it is the most popular and used browser
Weak points of IE: IE does not have multi language support in-built in it. It does not translate automatically web pages in other languages to the language user prefers. IE does have new features like Web-Accelerators, but unfortunately is not popular with users. It has less plug-in support for scripts.
In our interviews, we used the concept of laddering, which is a technique for conducting in depth interviews in which a line of questioning proceeds from product/brand characteristics to user characteristics (Malhotra, Dash p 150). We used it to obtain the terminal value that can be
associated with of each of the desirable attributes. The above exercise provided us with a list of attributes associated with web browser. These are:
6. Research Approach
6.1 Analytical Models
We use the AIDA model to define the user preference and brand loyalty towards web browsers.
Figure: Analytical model to define user preference and brand loyalty towards web browsers
Attention
The first step towards marketing a technology product is getting the attention of the user. Attention can be gained through various ways. Strong Imagery The use of strong imagery has always been a powerful way to get a potential users attention. This has been successfully exemplified by Apples ads which have strong imagery. Strong Typography Another way of attracting attention is through strong typography using colour and whitespace to maximize the effect.
Interest
In the previous section, we saw how aesthetic enhancements can be used to get the customers attention. But along with that, the customer needs to know how your product or service will help them. In this case, giving a list of features is not enough; you need to express to your users how those features will benefit them. Interest Through Practical Benefits The product we are advertising should help the user in some way. In the case of web browser besides providing the basic functionality to surf the web the browser should for instance either reduce the users repetitive tasks, give him access to additional functionalities or help in better streaming of videos.
Desire
The next step in the AIDA model is desire, which is a natural extension of interest. After youve grabbed a consumers attention, and obtained their interest, you need to keep that interest going by promoting the product in such a way that the user will begin to grow in their desire for it. This is probably the most difficult of any of the steps in the AIDA model, and can encompass a number of different techniques.
Action
After getting the users attention, arousing their interest, and stimulating their desire for the product, the user needs to have a clear way to take action. Whether its to sign up for your service, purchase your product, or download a trial of your app, the visual enticement to take action should be elegant, beautiful, and convenient.
2- Are added features and customization of a browser (plug-ins etc.) valued the most by internet users? 3- Are security features more important factor than added features while deciding which browser to use? 4- Is compatibility across different machines or OS a more important factor than security for consumers while using an Internet Browser? To determine Internet Explorers image among web browsers 5- Does IE only convey the image of a web browser that comes bundled with Windows? To determine consumer awareness and perception of Internet Explorer 6- Are newer versions of Internet Explorer perceived to be similar to the suite of older versions? 7- Is security the most desirable feature of Internet Explorer? To determine the market segment that Internet Explorer needs to target 8- Does a typical Internet Explorer user belong to the office going segment that uses Internet Explorer as it come bundled with Windows? 9- Is Internet Explorer used by web enthusiasts, developers, university students who use web browsers extensively on their personal computers? 10- Will Internet Explorer be an alternative to newer versions of Firefox and Chrome?
Hypothesis
Data Required
Scale/ Method
To determine consumers expectations of a Web Browser 1 H0: More than 50% consumers prefer IE over other browsers H1: Less than 50% consumers prefer IE over other browsers Non-metric (Agree/Disagr ee) 2 H0: Added features/customization is an important factor while using Metric a web browser (Rating) H1: Added features/customization is not an important factor while using a web browser 3 H0: Security is a more important factor than added Metric (Rating) H1: Security is not a more important factor than added features/customization while deciding to use a Web browser. 4 H0: Compatibility across different machines or OS a more important Metric factor than security for consumers while using an Internet Browser (Rating) H1: Compatibility across different machines or OS is not a more important factor than security for consumers while using an Internet Browser To determine IEs image among web browsers 5 H0:IE only conveys the image of a web browser that comes bundled Metric with Windows (Rating) H1: IE does not only conveys the image of a web browser that comes bundled with Windows To determine consumer awareness and perception of Internet Explorer 6 H0: Newer versions of Internet Explorer perceived to be similar to Metric the suite of older versions (Rating) (Likert) Interval (Likert) Interval Interval Interval Interval Nominal
H1: Newer versions of Internet Explorer are not perceived to be similar to the suite of older versions 7 H0: Security is the most desirable feature of Internet Explorer H1: Security is not the most desirable feature of Internet Explorer To determine the market segment that Internet Explorer needs to target 8 H0: Internet Explorer is used mostly by the office going segment who uses Internet Explorer as it come bundled with Windows (Usage H1: Internet Explorer is not used mostly by the office going segment intention) who uses Internet Explorer as it come bundled with Windows 9 H0: Internet Explorer is used by web enthusiasts, developers, Metric university students who use web browsers extensively on their personal computers H1: Internet Explorer is not used by web enthusiasts, developers, university students who use web browsers extensively on their personal computers 10 H0: Internet Explorer is an alternative to newer versions of Firefox Non-metric and Chrome (Purchase H1: Internet Explorer is not an alternative to newer versions of decision) Firefox and Chrome Nominal (Rating) (Likert) Interval Non-metric Nominal Non-metric (Rank) Ordinal
7. Research Design
7.1 Research type
We have used descriptive research, because findings from this study would be used as input into decision making. In our study, the decision involves deciding what segments to target for Internet Explorer. After deriving the marketing decision problem and the marketing research questions, we will test specific hypotheses by collecting and analysing information obtained from a sample of potential customers to answer our research questions, and subsequently, solve the marketing decision problem.
Scale categories
Scaling procedure
Attributes of an ideal web Not very important, not Ordinal (Likert) browser: Security, Customization, important, neutral, important, Compatibility, Features very important Factor analysis for the attributes Rating on a constant sum of Interval (Constant of Web Browser 100 sum) Attributes of Internet Explorer: Not very important, not Ordinal (Likert) Security, Customization, important, neutral, important, Compatibility, Features very important Factor analysis for the attributes Rating on a constant sum of Interval of Internet Explorer 100 sum)
(Constant
9. Sampling Plan
For our research, the target population, sampling frame and sampling technique defined is as follows:
10.
Way ahead
We will continue our research for the rest of the term from data collection. We will conduct data analysis using several techniques on the survey data that we obtain and subsequently perform statistical tests to infer the strong attributes of a typical web browser user. We will use these attributes and the key factors of user choice using Factor analysis technique to devise a successful repositioning strategy for Internet explorer to increase its web-browser market share.
11. References
1. http://www.consumersearch.com/web-browser-reviews/how-to-choose-a-web-browser 2. http://www.wjunction.com/14-news-current-events/110428-perception-killing-internetexplorer.html 3. http://www.tomshardware.com/news/browsers-ie-chrome-firefox-mozilla,14410.html 4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usage_share_of_web_browsers 5. http://www.w3schools.com/browsers/browsers_stats.asp 6. http://gs.statcounter.com/
Appendix I
Market share of Web browsers
Appendix II
Pilot Survey Link of Pilot survey:
https://qasiatrial.asia.qualtrics.com/WRQualtricsSurveyEngine/?SID=SV_89bkBL9rOBFj3mY&_=1 Q1. How often do you use your computer? Q2. What do you use your computer for? Q3. How many hours a day do you spend on internet? Q4. Which of these browsers are you aware of? Q6. How important is web browser initial load speed? Q7. What are the important factors for choosing a Web Browser? (Drag the factors to the box on the right and arrange them according in descending order of their importance) Q8. How will you describe the services of web browsers on following parameters? Q9. What is your favourite Web Browser? Q10. Have you used or familiar with Internet Explorer? Q11. If answer to previous question is 'Yes', rate Internet Explorer based on the given parameters.
Q12. Are you aware of the latest features offered by Internet Explorer 8 / 9 / 10? Q13. (Based on your previous response) If you came to know about the features and advantages of Internet Explorer, will you consider using it?
Appendix III
Pre Test Survey Questionnaire
1. How often do you use your computer?
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Less than 1 hour 1 - 3 hours 4 - 6 hours 7 - 9 hours More than 9 hours
5. Which of these browsers do you use as your default web browser at home?
Internet Explorer Google Chrome Others (please specify) ____________________ Mozilla Firefox
Opera
8. In last 6 months, was your Computer got affected by any virus? If 'Yes' or 'No', which web browser you were using?
Yes No
9. If you use more than one PC platform, do you use the same browser on each platform?
Yes No
10. If your answer to previous question is 'Yes' , which web browser you were using?
Internet Explorer Google Chrome Others (please specify) ____________________ Opera Mozilla Firefox
11. If your answer to previous question is 'No' , which web browser you were using?
Internet Explorer Google Chrome Others (please specify) ____________________ Opera Mozilla Firefox
12. Which of these browsers supports your creativity (in terms of themes, customization etc.)?
Internet Explorer Google Chrome Others (please specify) ____________________ Mozilla Firefox Opera
13. How will you describe the services of web browsers on following parameters?
Efficiency Efficient Internet Explorer Mozilla Firefox Google Chrome Opera Inefficient Reliability Reliable Unreliable Speed Fast Slow
17-20. Rate MOZILLA FIREFOX, GOOGLE CHROME, OPERA, INTERNET EXPLORER on the scale of 1 - 5, based on following parameters. (1=poor, 2=average, 3=good, 4=very good, 5=excellent)
______ Overall Performance ______ Stability (from crashes/hanging) ______ Speed ______ User-friendliness ______ Security ______ Web page recovery after unexpected shut-down/close ______ Aesthetics (looks/customization)
23. For which of the following purpose(s) do you have used Internet Explorer (any version)?
Information search Downloading To see video To listen Audio Social Networking Mail checking Others (If any) ____________________
24. How was the performance of Internet Explorer when you used it?
Very Slow Slow Neutral Fast Very Fast
26. Are you aware of the latest features offered by Internet Explorer 8 / 9 / 10?
Yes No
(If answer to previous question is No) 27. (Based on your previous response) If you came to know about the features and advantages of Internet Explorer, will you consider to use it?
Yes Maybe No
2. Gender
Male Female
3. Occupation
Student Professional Others (please specify) ____________________