Doc. N: MAN.2 ENG Rev.00 data: 29.06.

2009

S.p.A.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FRP TANKS - USE ABOVE GROUND

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All rights reserved. No part of the present document may be reproduced, copied or duplicated in whatever form or with whatever means in the absence of explicit written authorization of the same on the part of Selip s.p.a.

Alle Rechte sind vorbehalten. Kein Teil des vorliegenden Dokuments darf auf irgendeine Weise reproduziert, kopiert oder vervielfltigt werden, ohne vorherige schriftliche Autorisierung von Seiten der Selip s.p.a.

INDEX
1. OBJECT ....................................................................................................................................................................... 2 2. RANGE OF TANKS ............................................................................................................................................... 3 3. DESIGN....................................................................................................................................................................... 3 3.1 DESIGN PARAMETERS ..................................................................................................................................... 3 3.2 STABILITY CALCULATION ............................................................................................................................. 4 3.3 FITTINGS.............................................................................................................................................................. 4 3.4 BOTTOMS ............................................................................................................................................................ 6 3.5 SYSTEM TO SUPPORT FRP TANKS ................................................................................................................ 7 3.6 PROPERTY OF LAMINATE ............................................................................................................................. 10 4. RAW MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................................. 11 4.1 RESINS................................................................................................................................................................ 11 4.2 FIBRE GLASS .................................................................................................................................................... 11 4.3 ADDITIVES ........................................................................................................................................................ 12 5. MANUFACTURING PROCEDURES ..................................................................................................................... 12 5.1 PREPARATION OF RESINS ............................................................................................................................. 12 5.2 CONSTRUCTION OF STANDARD CYLINDRICAL LINERS ....................................................................... 12 5.3 CONSTRUCTION OF HEADS / ENDS............................................................................................................. 13 5.4 ASSEMBLY ........................................................................................................................................................ 13 5.5 FILAMENT WINDING ...................................................................................................................................... 14 5.6 MARKING AND INSTALLATION OF FITTINGS .......................................................................................... 14 5.7 FINISHING ......................................................................................................................................................... 15 5.8 POST- CURE....................................................................................................................................................... 15 5.9 GALVANIZING METAL PARTS ..................................................................................................................... 16 5.10 PAINTING OF METAL PARTS ...................................................................................................................... 17 6. CHECKS AND TEST-RUNS ................................................................................................................................... 17 6.1 CLASSIFICATION OF VISIBLE DEFECTS AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA ............................................ 17 6.2 TOLERANCE...................................................................................................................................................... 23 6.3 TEST EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTS ..................................................................................................... 26 7. PREPARATION FOR SHIPPPING ...................................................................................................................... 26 8. TECHNICAL AND TEST- RUN DOCUMENTATION .......................................................................................... 27 9. GARANTEES............................................................................................................................................................ 28 9.1 9.2 TECHNICAL GUARANTEES (SKILLS) ...................................................................................................... 28 COMMERCIAL GUARANTEES .................................................................................................................. 28

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1. OBJECT
These specifications define the minimum requisites adopted by SELIP in the design, manufacturing, inspection, checking, testing and preparation for shipping of atmospheric tanks in fibre glass (FRP). SELIP operates in accordance with internal procedures, conforming to the UNI EN ISO 9001:2008 norm. Procedure N PRG/4.2.1 PRG/4.2.2 PRG/5.5 7.2 PRG/5.6 PRG/6.2 PRG/7.2 PRG/7.3 PRG/7.4 PRG/7.5.1 PRG/7.5.2 PRG/7.5.3 PRG/7.5.4 PRG/7.6 PRG/8.2 PRG/8.3 PRG/8.5.1 PRG/8.5.2 TITLE Procedure to manage documentation of the Quality Assurance System Procedure to manage Q.A.S. registration. Procedure to manage internal and external communication Procedure for re-examination by the management Procedure to manage human resources Procedure to manage offers and orders and examine customer orders Procedure for product design and development Procedure to assess suppliers and for purchase orders Procedure for product manufacturing Procedure for customer service Procedure to manage the warehouse Machinery and facilities maintenance Procedure to calibrate and maintain instruments Procedure for the Q.A.S. internal audit Procedure to manage non-conformities and complaints Procedure to test customer satisfaction Procedure to manage precautionary and corrective actions

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2. RANGE OF TANKS SELIPs standard production consists of (for details see tank data sheet PT01) : Vertical flat bottom tanks type FP Vertical dished bottoms tanks on FRP legs type CP Vertical dished bottoms tanks on steel legs type AN Horizontal tanks on FRP saddles type CT Horizontal tanks without saddles type SS Horizontal underground tanks type CTI Tapered bottom silos (60 and 90) type FC Vertical tanks with integrated basin type SV

Standard internal diameters for capacities from 1 to 200m,are : 1000 / 1200 / 1500 / 1800 / 2000 / 2200 / 2500 / 3000 / 3500 / 4000mm.

3. DESIGN
Design is according to the European norm EN 13121-3 of 2008 (GRP Tanks and Vessels for Use Above Ground). Safety Factor minimum acceptable for design : K=4. On demand, also other International norm are acceptable : ASTM ; API 12P ; ASME RTP-1 ; AD Merkblatt N1

Previous European norms (BS 4994, AFNOR, ) have been replaced by EN 13121. 3.1 DESIGN PARAMETERS Standard parameters adopted for the design : Specific weight of the product contained : 1.3 kg/dm3 ; Design pressure Design temperature Wind action Earthquake action : atmospheric / liquid head : 60C. : according to D.M. dated 16/01/1996 : according to the norm - Ref Zone 2

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TANKS MUST BE DIRECTLY CONNECTED TO THE ATMOSPHERE VIA A SUITABLY SIZED FREE VENT 3.2 STABILITY CALCULATION SELIP is responsible for checking the stability of the tank in the phases of installation, hydraulic testing and use. Inspection is carried out on the basis of the project data and in line with that reported in the EN 13121-3 European norms. The inner chemically resistant layer (liner) is not taken into consideration in the structure calculation. Main phases of the inspection: Calculation of the Safety Factor K according to : 1. Technology applied, 2. Type of resin and design temperature, 3. Life expectancy of the tank, 4. Danger index of the product contained. Calculation of the allowable stress (this depends on K and the mechanical characteristics of the layering in FRP). Inspection of the thicknesses of the tank. Inspection of the deformations, always to be kept lower than the allowable value. Inspection of the condition of implosion (buckling effect) according to the design under-pressure and the axial loads. Inspection of the anchorage to the base on the basis of the calculated actions of earthquake and wind. These actions must never be considered contemporaneously. 3.3 FITTINGS Nozzles and manhole must be of the integral type, i.e. continuity of the reinforcing fibres from the flat face to the pipe both in the liner and mechanical reinforcement, obtainable exclusively via manual lamination over a mould. GATES AND/OR MANHOLES COMPOSED OF FLANGES ASSEMBLED SEPARATELY FROM THE TUBE ARE NOT ADMISSIBLE The flanges are fixed and feature a flat face ; The drilling is in accordance with the UNI EN 1092-1 European norms. The flange holes are staggered with respect to the main axes.
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The flange projects 100mm up to DN400, and 150mm over DN400. The flanged attachments and the welding to the body of the tank are suitable for supporting the external loads (forces and moments) reported in the following table.

FLANGE DIMENSIONS UNI EN 1092-1

DN
FLANGE DIAMETER

PN 6
HOLES
DIAMETER BOLTS DIAMETER FLANGE DIAMETER NUMBER CENTER CENTER

PN 10
HOLES
DIAMETER BOLTS DIAMETER FLANGE DIAMETER NUMBER CENTER

PN 16
HOLES
DIAMETER BOLTS DIAMETER NUMBER

INCHES

1/2" 3/4" 1" 1"1/4 1"1/2 2" 2"1/2 3" 4" 5" 6" 8" 10" 12" 14" 16" 18" 20" 24"

15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600

mm

80 90 100 120 130 140 160 190 210 240 265 320 375 440 490 540 595 645 755

55 65 75 90 100 110 130 150 170 200 225 280 335 395 445 495 550 600 705

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 12 12 12 16 16 20 20

11 11 11 14 14 14 14 18 18 18 18 18 18 22 22 22 22 22 26

10 10 10 12 12 12 12 16 16 16 16 16 16 20 20 20 20 20 24

95 105 115 140 150 165 185 200 220 250 285 340 395 445 505 565 615 670 780

65 75 85 100 110 125 145 160 180 210 240 295 350 400 460 515 565 620 725

4 4 4 4 4 4 4/8 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 16 16 20 20 20

14 14 14 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 22 22 22 22 22 26 26 26 30

12 12 12 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 20 20 20 20 20 24 24 24 27

95 105 115 140 150 165 185 200 220 250 285 340 405 460 520 580 640 715 840

65 75 85 100 110 125 145 160 180 210 240 295 355 410 470 525 585 650 770

4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 16 16 20 20 20

14 14 14 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 22 22 26 26 26 30 30 33 36

12 12 12 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 20 20 24 24 24 27 27 30 33

ADMISSIBLE LOADS
DN 50 80 100 150 200 250 300 350 Fx (N) 300 600 1000 1500 2500 3000 3000 3000 Fy (N) 300 600 1000 1500 2500 3000 3000 3000 Fz (N) 300 600 1000 1500 2500 3000 3000 3000 Mx ( Nm) 30 60 100 150 250 300 300 300 My ( Nm) 30 60 100 150 250 300 300 300 Mz ( Nm) 30 60 100 150 250 300 300 300

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Standard bolts are in galvanized carbon steel, 8.8 class . Standard gaskets are 3mm thick EPDM.

3.4 BOTTOMS SELIP tanks can be produced according to three bottom profiles: flat bottom, dished bottom and conical bottom. The bottoms must be obtained from a mould.
BOTTOMS PRODUCED IN SECTIONS / TAPERED ARE NOT ADMISSIBLE BOTTOMS JOINED TO THE CYLINDER WITH BEAKER SYSTEM ARE NOT ADMISSIBLE

Flat Bottom: used exclusively for atmospheric tanks (only hydrostatic load).

THE RADIUS r OF THE JOINT BETWEEN BOTTOM AND CYLINDER MUST ALWAYS BE 50mm

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Dished Bottom: used either as a the top or bottom of a tank. Used for both atmospheric and pressure tanks (vessels). The bottom of the tank must be supported by feet in FRP, a metal frame or a skirt in FRP. The geometry corresponds to a semi-elliptical head, with a ratio of height H to diameter D > 0.2 ; radius R of the cover = 0.8 x D ; radius r of the knuckle = 0.154 x D.

Conical Bottom: typically used in vertical silos and decanters as a tank bottom. The opening angle of the cone must be at 60 or 90.

3.5 SYSTEM TO SUPPORT FRP TANKS SELIP tanks can be supported through: FRP legs, hand lay-up lamination manufacturing, for dished bottom heads

Steel support for dished bottom and conical heads STARTING FROM CAPACITY OF 15m COMPLETE STEEL RING IS RECOMMENDED

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FRP SKIRT

Used prevalently for silos where the presence of ferrous materials prone to rust needs to be avoided.

FRP saddles for horizontal tanks.. Manufactured hand lay-up on steel moulds. The arc for contact between saddle and tank is 120. The saddles are arranged symmetrically with respect to the centre-line of the plating. The distance between saddles vary from 1,000 to 1,500mm.

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Steel saddles, used for large capacity horizontal tanks. The arc of contact between saddle and tank ranges from 120 to 180

Concrete saddles produced on site. Arc of contact 180.

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3.6 PROPERTY OF LAMINATE Laminates must be periodically tested to verify the mechanical properties, as envisaged by the EN 13121-3 norms used by SELIP. In particular, as a minimum there must be an inspection of: 1. Max strength ; 2. Module of elasticity ; 3. Elongation at break. The minimum values acceptable are : Glass fibre used CSM 450 (Chopped Strand Mat 450 gr/m) CSM + WR500
(Mat450g/m+WovenRoving500 g/m) Technology applied Tensile strenght N/mm Module of elasticity N/mm

KNITTED BIAXIAL (950 gr/m) Spray Up Roving Direct Roving 2400 / 4800 tex for Filament Winding

Hand lay up Hand lay up Hand lay up Spray up F.W.

80 130 180 80 320

7500 9500 10500 7500 22000

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4. RAW MATERIALS
The raw materials used by SELIP come exclusively from European and North American suppliers. The suppliers of the raw materials must possess a minimum of 40 years experience in the production of the component. SELIP is responsible for the choice of raw materials in order to guarantee the suitability of the tank to contain the product / fluid contractually defined in relation to the design conditions. The raw materials used in the production cycle are essentially : Resins Glass fibre Additives

4.1 RESINS Chemically-resistant resins must not contain charges or pigments. Thixotropic agents are not generally admissible and are severely prohibited in the chemically-resistant layer (liner). Protection against light and UV rays must be obtained through the use of an external gelcoat (top coat). The resins used in the construction of the chemically-resistant inner layer must have the following minimum properties : Elongation at break HDT Family : : : 3% according to ASTM D638 90C in accordance with ISO 75 Novolacca, Vinylester, Bisphenolic, Isophtalic

4.2 FIBRE GLASS The glass fibres to be used are : C-glass: for the construction of the liner ; E-glass: for the construction of the back liner and reinforcements. Surface veil: based on C-glass with fibres arranged randomly. Basis weight of 30 gr/m2 used in the first layer of the liner ;

The glass fibres are supplied in the form of :

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Mat (CSM): based on E-glass with cut fibres arranged randomly. Basis weight of 375 / 450 / 600 gr/m2 used in manual lamination or winding ; Roving for winding 2400 / 4800 tex: continuous threads of E-glass - are used in winding systems of the cylindrical part of the tank (Filament winding). Roving for cut and spray 2400 tex: cut threads of E-glass - used as mechanical reinforcement of the tank and bottoms (contact moulding). Mat and Biaxials : these are fabrics based on E-glass used for mechanical reinforcement manual layering or for winding.

4.3 ADDITIVES Only in the chemically-resistant layer can accelerators and catalysers be used. In particular cases, in the mechanical layer, additives can be used that help to confer particular characteristics to the tank (electrical conductivity, self-extinguishing). The choice must be made by the SELIP technical office.

5. MANUFACTURING PROCEDURES
5.1 PREPARATION OF RESINS Before being sent to production departments the resins must be tested daily to verify the gel time and for perfect polymerization Gel timer equipment is used.

5.2 CONSTRUCTION OF STANDARD CYLINDRICAL LINERS The chemically-resistant inner liner must have a minimum thickness of 2.5mm. This consists of no.1 veil of C-glass impregnated with a minimum resin content equal to 85%, followed by no.2 MAT375/450 gr/m impregnated with about 66% resin.

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The layer corresponding to 2 MAT375/450 can be obtained with spray-up technology. The construction of the liner must be done over a mould coated in detaching agent of the Mylar type. In small tanks, of up to 10m, the mechanical reinforcement of the cylinder takes place directly on the mould without the subsequent winding operation. 5.3 CONSTRUCTION OF HEADS / ENDS The chemically-resistant inner liner must have a minimum thickness of 2.5mm. This consists of no.1 veil of C-glass impregnated with a minimum resin content equal to 85%, followed by a layer produced using spray-up technology.

The resistant mechanical layer is produced through layering by cut and spray (spray-up) alternating with manual lamination (hand lay-up) with MAT and chopped strand mat. 5.4 ASSEMBLY The cylinder, which the top must form an integral part of, is welded to the bottom by manual lamination. The liner must be re-established and the external mechanical reinforcement must be made. This phase is propedeutic, in the case of tanks with a capacity greater than 10m, to the winding operation. During assembly the lifting attachments are positioned, in AISI304, which will be used to hoist the tank vertical. THE WELDING OF THE BOTTOM TO A CYLINDER WOUND PREVIOUSLY IS NOT ADVISED

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5.5 FILAMENT WINDING The external mechanical reinforcement of tanks with a capacity greater than 10m must be carried out by a numerical control winding machine. The materials used are: resin with elevated mechanical properties; continuous glass roving type E with basis weight 2400 or 4800 tex.

The layering (number of circumference reinforcements, crisscross reinforcements, and the type of roving and resin) is decided by SELIPs technical office.

THE USE OF CRISSCROSS REINFORCEMENT IS OBLIGATORY THE INITIAL PART OF THE HEADS MUST BE WOUND TOGETHER WITH THE CYLINDER TO GUARANTEE IT REMAINING FIXED IN THE EVENT OF HEAVY CONDITIONS THE WINDING MACHINE MUST HAVE A MOBILE RACK SUPPORT FOR THE ROVING BOBBINS, TO ALLOW CORRECT TENSION FOR THE ROVING 5.6 MARKING AND INSTALLATION OF FITTINGS The tracing and drilling of the tank are done manually or using a robot. The accessories (fittings), which must be positioned on the tank, can be in FRP, metal or in another plastic material. They are fixed by welding (FRP lamination), adhesives or via mechanical systems. In particular, nozzles, manholes and everything which comes into contact with the product, wherever this is aggressive, must be manually laminated internally and externally using glass fibre and anticorrosive resins.
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STAFF ASSIGNED TO THE LAMINATION OF THE FITTINGS IS QUALIFIED BY THE TV 5.7 FINISHING An FRP tank must have an external layer applied to protect it from atmospheric agents and UV rays. This protective layer is produced by spraying on an Isophtalic-based gelcoat containing additives to protect against UV rays. The thickness of this gelcoat must not be less than 0.3mm and must in any case be sufficient to completely cover all the fibres emerging from the mechanically-resistant layer. 5.8 POST- CURE An FRP tank must undergo a thermal post-hardening treatment using hot air. This treatment, which must be carried out with controlled temperature and duration, has the aim of perfecting the polymerization of the resin, guaranteeing the very best chemical and mechanical performance of the product. Recommended timings and temperatures are summarized in the following table: Type of Resins Iso/Orto Bisfenolic Vinylester Temperature (C.) 70 (-3/+5) 70 (-3/+5) 80 (-3/+5) 70 (-3/+5) 80 (-3/+5) Duration (Hours) 6 (-1/+2) 10 (-1/+2) 6 (-1/+2) 12 (-1/+2) 8 (-1/+2)

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The oven must feature a regulatory system temperature recorder. 5.9 GALVANIZING METAL PARTS Below We report the Selip standard as regards the procedures and cycles of hot galvanizing applicable to metallic surfaces, with particular reference to: support rings and frames for silos and tanks, ladders and walkways and all the fittings supplied to finish off the tank. DESCRIPTION OF THE PHASES The work and testing phases comply with the EN ISO 1461 European norm: 1. DEGREASING in appropriate solutions at a temperature of 50/60C 2. PICKLING in Hydrochloric Acid solution (HCl) 3. WASHING in running water 4. FLUXING in an aqueous solution of Ammonium Chloride (2NH4Cl) and Zinc Chloride (ZnCl) 5. PREHEATING in a drying oven at a temperature of 100/120C 6. GALVANIZING by immersion in a bath of melted zinc at a controlled temperature of 440/450C 7. COOLING naturally in air. Table of Coating Thicknesses (EN ISO 1461) Articles and Thicknesses Steel 6.0mm 3.0mm Steel < 6.0mm 1.5mm Steel < 3.0mm Minimum Average Thickness of Coating 85m 70m 55m

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5.10 PAINTING OF METAL PARTS Below we report the standard adopted by SELIP. The work and testing phases conform to the main European norms: 1. PREPARATION - SANDING at SA 2.5 grade according to the standard SIS 055900. - CLEANING with a dry compressed air jet. 2. APPLICATION OF THE PRIMER - No.1 coat of Inorganic Zinc, thickness = 70m. 3. APPLICATION OF THE INTERMEDIATE LAYER and FINISHING - No.2 coats of Polyurethane Varnish in powder, thickness = (50 + 50) m. N.B. : - Total thickness = 170m - RAL colour to be defined on request of customer

6. CHECKS AND TEST-RUNS

SELIP, a company certified in accordance with the ISO 9001 quality system, guarantees respect for the following minimum requisites relating to: Visual inspections and acceptance criteria ; Dimensional inspections according to construction tolerances ; Various final test-runs and related certification ; Check on raw materials and related certification.

In the following table, the references to the norms applied: ASTM D2563 EN 10204 EN ISO 13920 : 2000 Visual defects and acceptance criteria Raw material certification General tolerances

6.1 CLASSIFICATION OF VISIBLE DEFECTS AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA Below are described and illustrated the most common visible defects met in articles made from FRP. Every part of the article must be visually inspected to verify its suitability and establish a conclusive acceptance. The visible defects are classified by type and level of acceptability as shown in Table 1 below. The level or levels of acceptability are indicated in the relevant test-run documents and, in some cases may be indicated on the articles drawing. The levels of acceptability taken into consideration in the final test-run on the article are thr Level 2 for liner and Level 3 for the mechanical reinforcement .
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TABLE 1
Type of Defect Open air bubbles in the Liner Air bubbles in the Laminate Definition of Defect Open air bubbles, present on the surface of the Liner that will come into contact with the product Areas with air bubbles enclosed by the Laminate, of a generally spherical shape and of varying dimensions Foreign bodies enclosed by the Laminate of the article Separation of the layers of fibreglass of the Laminate Circumscribed separation of the Laminate of the layers di fibre-glass due to mechanical operations Areas where the fibres have not been impregnated, and are sticking out of the exterior surface Areas where the fibres have not been impregnated, and are sticking out of the interior surface Obvious effect due to an exothermic reaction leading to changes in colour, deformation and decomposition of the Laminate Areas of the Laminate where the fibre-glass is inadequately impregnated Fracture in the stratification visible also from the other side that extends through the entire thickness of the Laminate Superficial craquelure of the resin that does not involve the entire thickness of the Laminate Cut surfaces inside the article of pure resin, which present unprotected fibre-glass Presence on the surface of the article of craters, protuberances (lumps of resin) and knots of glass roving Presence of obvious runs of resin on the surface inside the article Presence of obvious runs of resin and/or protective Gel-Coat Cracking that involves the entire thickness of the laminate, due to extraction from the mould when not perfectly polymerised. Ref. fig. n 1 Level 1 None LEVELS OF ACCEPTABILITY Level 2 Level 3 None None

None

Foreign body in the Laminate Delamination of the Stratification Delamination due to mech. work Glass fibres protruding (exterior) Glass fibres protruding (interior) Scorching of the Lamination of Flanged Attachments Inadequately impregnated areas Transverse Fractures

None

4 5

None None

N 6 Bubbles maximum dimension 5 mm, on a surface examined of 0.5 m Maximum n 4 with maximum dimension of 3 mm None Maximum dimension admissible = 15 mm

N 12 Bubbles maximum dimension 10 mm, on a surface examined of 1 m Maximum n 6 with maximum dimension of 5 mm None Maximum dimension admissible = 30 mm

None

None

Maximum n 4 areas Maximum n 2 areas with maximum area of with maximum area of 0.1 m 0.04 m None None

None

None

None

None

10

None

Maximum n 4 areas with maximum dimension of 20 mm None

Maximum n 8 areas with maximum dimension of 50 mm None

Surface cracks (spiders web) Unprotected cut surfaces (internal) Surface irregularity Internal runs External runs Transverse Cracks

11

None

12

None

None on cylinder and base; top Max w.=35 mm None

On cylinder and base Max w.=10 mm ; top Max w.=70 mm None

13

None

14 15 16

None None None

Maximum n 5 areas with maximum dimension of 10 mm. None Maximum n 5 areas. None

Maximum n 10 areas with maximum dimension of 15 mm. None Maximum n 10 areas. None

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REPRESENTATION OF VISIBLE DEFECTS

Fig. 1 Open air bubbles in the Liner Repair procedure
Grind the surface with the air bubbles including a surrounding area of about 50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and carry out the repair as follows: apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed resin followed by a layer of glass Mat type E of 300/450 g/m; impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any air present; apply a layer of glass Surfacing type C of 30 g/m impregnated with resin; with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching film (e.g. Mylar); allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching film.

Fig. 2 Air bubbles in the Laminate

Repair procedure
Grind the surface with the air bubbles including a surrounding area of about 30mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and carry out the repair as follows: apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed resin followed by a layer of glass Mat type E of 300/450 g/m; impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any air present; apply a layer of glass Surfacing type C of 30 g/m impregnated with resin; with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching film (e.g. Mylar); allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching film.

Fig. 3 Foreign bodies in the Laminate

Repair procedure
Grind the area with the foreign bodies, including a surrounding area of about 30mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and carry out the repair as follows: apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed resin followed by a layer of glass Mat type E of 300/450 g/m impregnated with resin. Roll to eliminate any air present; with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching film (e.g. Mylar); allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching film. In the event of heavy grinding (4-5 mm) the repair must be done in two phases.

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Fig. 4 Delamination of the Stratification

Repair procedure
A repair of delamination of the stratification of limited dimensions (about 250mm in diameter) is carried out by injecting some catalysed resin under vacuum between the delaminated layers. Proceed as follows: make 2 holes opposite each other of 6-8 mm, as near as possible to the perimeter of the delamination; insert a vacuum tube into one hole and start to suck out the air inject catalysed resin into the other hole using a syringe until the delamination is completely filled; allow the resin to harden for about 2 hours.

Fig. 5 Delamination due to mechanical work

Repair procedure
Remove the delaminated areas including a surrounding area of about 10mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and carry out the repair as follows: apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type E of 300/450 g/m; impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any air present; apply a layer of glass Surfacing type C of 30 g/m impregnated with resin; with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching film (e.g. Mylar); allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching film.

Fig. 6 Glass fibres protruding (exterior)

Repair procedure
Remove the fibres protruding from the stratification, using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and where necessary apply a layer of gel-coat or paraffined resin (for exterior finishing).

Fig. 7 Glass fibres protruding (interior)

Repair procedure
Remove the fibres protruding from the stratification, including a surrounding area of about 20mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and use a brush to apply a layer of paraffined resin (for internal finishing).

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Fig. 8 Scorching (delamination) of the lamination of Flanged Attachments

Repair procedure
Remove the delaminated areas including a surrounding area of about 20mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and carry out the repair as follows: apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type E of 300/450 g/m; impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any air present; allow to harden for about two hours. In the event of deep delamination (4-5mm) the repair must be done in two phases

Fig. 9 Inadequately impregnated areas

Repair procedure
Grind the inadequately impregnated surface, including a surrounding area of about 50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and carry out the repair as follows: apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type E of 300/450 g/m; impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any air present; allow to harden for about two hours. In the event of deep delamination (4-5mm) the repair must be done in two phases.

Fig. 10 Transverse Fractures

Repair procedure
The repair of transverse fractures is carried out in two distinct phases, i.e.: a repair of the Liner followed by the exterior. Grind the fractures in the Liner including a surrounding area of about 50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and carry out the repair as follows: apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type E of 300/450 g/m; impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any air present; apply a layer of glass Surfacing type C of 30 g/m impregnated with resin; with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching film (e.g. Mylar); allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching film. Grind the fractures in the exterior layer as above, carefully clean the ground area and carry out the repair as above by applying layers of 450 g/m Mat to reach the thickness removed. Allow to harden for about 2 hours and clean the laminated areas with abrasive tools.

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Fig. 11 Surface cracks (spiders web)

Repair procedure
Grind the area with the surface cracks, including a surrounding area of about 30mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and carry out the repair as follows: apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type E of 300/450 g/m. Impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any air present; apply a layer of glass Surfacing type C of 30 g/m impregnated with resin; with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching film (e.g. Mylar); Allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching film. In the event of deep delamination (4-5mm) the repair must be done in two phases.

Fig. 12 Unprotected cut surfaces

Repair procedure
Sand down the cut and/or ground surfaces using abrasive paper. Carefully clean the sanded areas and use a brush to apply a layer of paraffined resin.

Fig. 13 Surface irregularity

Repair procedure
Remove the surface irregularity - usually to be found on the outside of stratification - including a surrounding area of about 50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and where necessary use a brush to apply a layer of paraffined resin (for external finishing).

Fig. 14 Internal runs

Repair procedure
Remove the runs of resin from the inside of the stratification, including a surrounding area of about 20mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and use a brush to apply a layer of paraffined resin (for internal finishing).

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Fig. 15 External runs

Repair procedure
Remove the runs of gel-coat from the outside of the stratification, including a surrounding area of about 20mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and use a brush (or a spray) to apply a layer of gel-coat (for external finishing).

Fig. 16 Transverse Cracks

Repair procedure
The repair of transverse cracks is carried out in two distinct phases, i.e.: a repair of the Liner followed by the exterior. Grind the cracks in the Liner including a surrounding area of about 50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and carry out the repair as follows: apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type E of 300/450 g/m; impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any air present; apply a layer of glass Surfacing type C of 30 g/m impregnated with resin; with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching film (e.g. Mylar); allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching film. Grind the cracks in the exterior layer as above, carefully clean the ground area and carry out the repair as above by applying layers of 450 g/m Mat to reach the thickness removed. Allow to harden for about 2 hours and clean the laminated areas with abrasive tools.

6.2 TOLERANCE Selip products conform to that indicated in the EN 13920 norms as regards construction tolerance. In particular: Linear Tolerance according to classes D and B of EN 13920 Angular Tolerance according to class D of EN 13920

See the following schematizations:

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6.3 TEST EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTS Instruments for testing must be tared and SIT certified Checks on the thickness of the tank must be carried out with ultrasound instruments tared immediately before the test on a representative sample of the type of laminate

7. PREPARATION FOR SHIPPPING Fittings must be protected by flanged covers which avoid damaging the external face

The tank must be fixed to the trailer by using cloth bands and blocked by wooden wedges to stop it from rolling or shifting THE USE OF STEEL CABLES AND CHAINS IS FORBIDDEN

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8. TECHNICAL AND TEST- RUN DOCUMENTATION

Technical and test-run documentation can be supplied in Italian, English or German and at the times and in the ways foreseen by the contract. LIST OF DOCUMENTS
CONSTRUCTION DRAWING PRODUCED BY AUTOCAD, FEATURING : CONSTRUCTION DETAILS TABLE OF FITTINGS LIST OF MATERIALS DESIGN AND WORKING CONDITION INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONCRETE BASE REPORT ON TANK CALCULATIONS WITH : INSPECTION OF THEORETICAL THICKNESSES CALCULATION OF TANK STABILITY UNDER CONDITIONS OF PRESSURE, UNDER-PRESSURE, EXTERNAL LOADS INSPECTION OF THE ANCHORAGE LOADS ON THE BASE IN THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS : TANK IN USE WIND EARTHQUAKE DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY INSPECTION AND FINAL TEST-RUN PLAN / QIP SELIP VISUAL / DIMENSIONAL TEST CERTIFICATE WORK CHECKS VISUAL INSPECTION DIMENSIONAL CHECK CERTIFICATE OF POLYMERIZATION / BARCOL TEST MATERIAL CERTIFICATES HYDRAULIC TEST CERTIFICATES CALCINATION TEST CERTIFICATE (GLASS / RESIN RELATIONSHIP) GASCHROMATOGRAPHY TEST CERTIFICATE (STYROL RESIDUE) RESULTS OF MECHANICAL TESTS ON SELIP LAMINATES LAMINATOR / WELDER CERTIFICATES (TV OF MUNICH) CERTIFICATION OF THE FACTORY (TV OF MUNICH) USERS AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL,WITH THE FOLLOWING SUBJECTS : IDENTIFICATION DATA GENERAL INFORMATION TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS, TANK DENOMINATION, PRODUCTS CONTAINED TRANSPORT, UNLOADING, STORAGE, INSPECTION, MOVING INSTALLATION, CHECK ON BASE, CONNECTION TO EXTERNAL PIPES USE OF TANK, OPERATOR POSITION, GUARANTEES CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE, INTERNAL CHECKS, CLEANING OF WORK AREAS PERIODIC CHECKSI, GENERAL WARNINGS, ORDINARY MAINTENANCE, EXTRAORDINARY MAINTENANCE DISMANTLING AND DEMOLITION SPARES OTHER TESTS / TEST-RUNS X X X X L E V 1 X L E V 2 X L E V 3 X

STANDARD

ON PAYMENT

ON REQUEST

ON REQUEST ON REQUEST ON REQUEST ON PAYMENT ON REQUEST ON PAYMENT ON PAYMENT ON PAYMENT ON REQUEST ON REQUEST ON REQUEST

X X X

X X X

X X X X X X X X

STANDARD

ON PAYMENT

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9. GARANTEES
The manufacturer must guarantee that he has the necessary skills and give the commercial guarantees to supply the goods ordered, at least : 9.1

TECHNICAL GUARANTEES (SKILLS) Quality system certificate for at least 10 years ; TV-certified production facilities ; TV-certified staff for the lamination of fittings ; The presence of an internal technical office. The Technical Director shall be a registered engineer ;

The presence of an internal office for quality assurance and control ; An adequate department for customer assistance and service management ; The possibility of handling orders and correspondence in Italian, English, German, and French ; Plants which conform to the safety norms in force COMMERCIAL GUARANTEES

9.2

The supplier must be classified with rating A according to the Basilea 2 regulations ; The minimum turnover of the supplier must be 7 million Euros ; The minimum net assets of the supplier must be equal to 1.5 million Euros ; The supplier must produce insurance policies with maximum coverage : Product Policy Civil Responsibility Policy Transport Policy minimum 2,500,000 per mishap minimum 3,000,000 per mishap minimum equal to the goods transported

The Product Policies must guarantee the product for a minimum of 24 months from the date of delivery

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