PopulationinSouthwark

BermondseyCommunity Council

Population of Bermondsey Community Council: Now and the future

October 2008

SouthwarkAnalytical Hub

Produced by: Southwark Analytical Hub Southwark Council and PCT Data Sharing Partnership Email: analyticalhub@southwark.gov.uk

Views expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of the Southwark Council or Southwark PCT. Where quoted or used, they should be attributed clearly to the author.

CONTENTS
CONTENTS ............................................................................................................... 2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY........................................................................................... 3
PREFACE.................................................................................................................. 4
WHO LIVES IN BERMONDSEY COMMUNITY COUNCIL? .................................... 6
Bermondsey Community Council.......................................................................... 6
Population ................................................................................................................ 7
Age ............................................................................................................................ 7
Ethnicity.................................................................................................................... 4

Office for National Statistics (ONS) 2001 Census ...........................................................4

HOW HAS BERMONDSEY COMMUNITY COUNCIL CHANGED? ........................ 5

Population ................................................................................................................ 5
Age ............................................................................................................................ 6

Office for National Statistics (ONS)..................................................................................6

Greater London Authority (GLA) Projections..................................................................7

HOW MIGHT BERMONDSEY COMMUNITY COUNCIL CHANGE? ....................... 8

Population ................................................................................................................ 8

Greater London Authority (GLA) Projections..................................................................8

Age .......................................................................................................................... 10

Greater London Authority (GLA) Projections................................................................10

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report looks at the general population of Bermondsey Community Council as it was estimated to be in 2005, how the population has changed since 2001 and what the population is projected to look like in the future to 2029. This report uses 2005 as the reference period. The report brings together the different sources available to give a concise picture of Bermondsey Community Council while also highlighting the differences between the sources. Population estimates are critical for developing and monitoring economic and fiscal policy, planning and monitoring service provision and allocating resources, as well, as for a greater understanding of social change. For these reasons reliable population statistics are essential at local level. The main observations are: The population of Bermondsey Community Council in 2005 was estimated to be around 37,500 (ONS 2005 Mid Year LSOA estimates), 38,800 (GLA PLP High) or 38,500 (GLA PLP Low) people depending on how the population is calculated. The ONS figure is consistent with the published local authority mid year estimates, which is based on usual resident population in the 2001 Census and adjusted for births, deaths and migration. The GLA PLP Low projections are entirely driven by the increase in homes while the GLA PLP High follows trends in fertility rates and improved survival but also assumes that Londons proportion of UK international migration for 19992004 will continue. Nearly three-quarters of the population of Bermondsey Community Council were of working age in 2005 (ONS); while around 16% (ONS) or 11% (GLA PLP High, GLA PLP Low) of the population were children aged 015 years. In 2001 the top two most populous ethnic groups were White British and Black African with 60% and 14% of the Bermondsey Community Council population respectively. Since 2001 the population of Bermondsey Community Council has increased, most of the increase has been due to more babies being born in Bermondsey Community Council than people moving into the community council. The population of Bermondsey Community Council is projected to continue to grow to 2029 to between 53,300 (GLA PLP Low) and 55,300 (GLA PLP High) people. Most of the growth is expected to be due to natural increase (i.e. births) in Bermondsey Community Council. The population of Bermondsey Community Council is expected to age in the future although the proportion in the broad age groups (0-14 years, 15-64 years and 65 years and over) will remain similar. The GLA projections expect increases in the proportion of the 4569 year age groups over time and a decrease in the proportions of people in the 2029 year age groups.

PREFACE
The report looks at the general population of Bermondsey Community Council as it was estimated to be in 2005, how the population has changed since 2001 and what the population is projected to look like in the future to 2029. This report uses 2005 as its reference period to coincide with the most recent ONS estimates for small areas. The Community Council population is calculated from Lower Layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs). The report brings together the different sources available to give a concise picture of Bermondsey Community Council. Population estimates are critical for developing and monitoring economic and fiscal policy, planning and monitoring service provision and allocating resources, as well as for a greater understanding of social change. For these reasons reliable population statistics are essential at local level. Community Councils within Southwark are calculated in different ways depending on the data sources. The Office for National Statistics (ONS) data for community councils is calculated from Lower Layer Super Output Area (LSOA) level aggregated to Community Councils, while the Greater London Authority (GLA) is ward level data. For the Peckham and Rotherhithe community councils, which share the ward of Livesey, Community Council data cannot be calculated from the GLA projections therefore Livesey is included in both Community Councils for GLA projections. More accurate calculation can be obtained from using the ONS data. The data sources available provide different estimates of the Bermondsey Community Council population. The difference between the population estimates can represent more or less funding allocation for Bermondsey Community Council. This report presents the different estimates and projections to highlight the need for reliable population statistics. This report is part of a series of population snapshots, including a report of the borough of Southwark and for each of the other Community Councils. These reports can be found on the analytical hub shared drive (internal), the Source (internal) and the Southwark Alliance website www.southwarkalliance.org.uk. The information in this report was taken from two sources: Office for National Statistics http://www.statistics.gov.uk/StatBase/Product.asp?vlnk=601 - 2001 Census - Mid2001 to Mid2005 Lower Layer Super Output Area broad age estimates (experimental) Greater London Authority http://www.london.gov.uk/gla/publications/factsandfigures/factsfigures/population.jsp - 2007 Round Ward Population Projections The most detailed data available has been used in this report although some census data has been used. The last Census was conducted on April 29 2001 and it is assumed that the population of Bermondsey Community Council has changed in the years since. Therefore, it is necessary to use projections and estimates to get a better picture of Bermondsey Community Council now and in the future. The 2001 Census underestimated Southwarks population therefore these figures may differ from the 2001 Mid year estimates. For more information see the ONS 2004 LA studies: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_population/LAStudy_Southwark.pdf. The ONS Mid year population estimates (mid-2001 onwards) are based on the 2001 Census and adjusted based on the births, deaths and migration. The estimates relate to the usually resident population. In simple terms, this means that population estimates are estimates of people where they usually live. Mid year population estimates are made for the population resident on June 30 of the reference year.

ONS experimental estimates for LSOA are based on 2001, aged forward to mid year, adjusted for births and deaths and constrained to the ONS local authority mid year estimates by using a ratio change method by applying change ratios to the LSOA estimates for the previous year using a combination of the following datasets: patient registers, child benefit and old person datasets. For more information see the methodology note on the ONS website http://www.statistics.gov.uk/StatBase/Product.asp?vlnk=14357. The GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections used in this report recognise the actual births and deaths up to mid-2005 as in the ONS mid year estimates. The GLA has prepared two versions. The first version is Post London Plan (PLP1) Low and is entirely driven by the increase in homes as seen annually since mid-2001 from data collected at borough level by the London Development Database (LDD) up to 2007 and the London Housing Capacity Study (LHCS) from 2007 to 2027. After 2027 it is assumed that the LHCS average values for 2022 to 2027 continue until 2031. The second version, PLP High, was prepared to establish the impact of the ONS 2006-based population projection for England. Apart from following the trends in fertility rates and improved survival, the PLP High assumes that each London borough's proportion of England's net international migration for the years mid-2001 to mid-2006 will continue based on the ONS assumption for international migration. This gives a London population that is used as a higher constraint for the borough populations. The distribution of London's population amongst the boroughs is then determined by the distribution of the PLP Low projection. The GLA recommends using PLP Low for planning and analysis but the PLP High should also be considered if London continues to attract high levels of international migrants. The GLA Round Ward Population Projections are constrained to the borough projections by gender and age as well as births and deaths. Fertility and survival differentials for wards are determined using the three most recent years of information. Births are based on 2003 to 2006 and applied to 2006 to 2031. The 2001 Census is used to provide communal establishment population as well as profiles of immigrants and emigrants. The principal ward projection is to PLP Low because it used new homes data consistent with that used for boroughs. For more information see DMAG Briefing 2008-07: GLA 2007 Round Demographic Projections: http://www.london.gov.uk/gla/publications/factsandfigures/dmag-briefing-2008-07.pdf Figures have been rounded to the nearest hundred except in tables presenting 2001 Census data. Discrepancies may occur due to rounding.

Prior to 2007 the GLA produced the Review of the London Plan (RLP). The 2007 PLP has been produced on the same basis.

WHO LIVES IN BERMONDSEY COMMUNITY COUNCIL?

Bermondsey Community Council

Bermondsey Community Council is one of the eight Community Councils in Southwark. It consists of Grange, Riverside and South Bermondsey wards. The boundaries of the Community Council are co-terminous with the boundaries of the wards.

Bermondsey Community Council

BOROUGH& BANKSIDE

ROTHERHITHE BERMONDSEY

WALWORTH

Grange

Riverside

PECKHAM CAMBERWELL

BERMONDSEY

NUNHEAD& PECKHAM RYE

South Bermondsey

DULWICH

Southwark Community Coucils

Southwark Wards

Produced by Strategic Planning, Public Health Southw ark Council, Southw ark PCT (N.Jani)

Boundary Files Crow n Copyright February 2006

Population

The Office for National Statistics (ONS) estimated the 2005 mid year population of Bermondsey Community Council was 37,500 people (19,500 males, 18,100 females).2 This was 1,000 less than the Greater London Authority (GLA) PLP Low 2005 projected estimate of 38,500 people (19,500 males, 19,000 females), and 1,300 less than the GLA PLP High of 38,800 (19,600 males, 19,200 females).3 The reasons for the difference in the population are the methodologies used by the ONS and the GLA to estimate population. It is important to remember that all projections are estimates and are based on certain assumptions being realised as outlined in the Preface. As Table 1 shows, Bermondsey Community Council is comprised of three wards, each accounting for roughly one-third of the population. Grange has the largest proportion of the community council's population (36%) and South Bermondsey has the smallest proportion (around 31%).
Table 1: Bermondsey Community Council - Wards no. Grange 13,523 Riverside 12,283 South Bermondsey 11,735 Bermondsey CC 37,541
Source: ONS Mid-2005 Lower Layer Super Output Area Broad Age Estimates

% 36.0 32.7 31.3 100.0

Age

As Graphs 1 and 2 demonstrate, Bermondsey Community Council has a large proportion of adults in their prime working age, with almost one third of their population aged between 3044 years (31% ONS, 30% GLA PLP High and GLA PLP Low).
Graph 1: Berm ondsey Com m unity Council Population by Age Group - Males Graph 2: Berm ondsey Com munity Council Population by Age Group - Fem ales

35 30 25 20

35 30 25 20

15 10 5 0 0-15
ONS M ales

%
15 10 5 0 16-29 30-44 45-64 Age group (years)
GLA High M ales

65+

0-15
ONS Females

16-29 30-44 45-59 Age group (years)

GLA High Females

60+

GLA Lo w M ales

GLA Lo w Females

Source: ONS Mid-2005 Lower Layer Super Output Area Broad Age Estimates; GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP Low; GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP High

For information about the ONS methodology see http://www.statistics.gov.uk/about/methodology_by_theme/sape/downloads/Methodology_note_SOAs.pdf. 3 For information about the GLA methodology for projecting the population see the Data Management and Analysis GLA 2007 Round Demographic Projections (available at the GLA website http://www.london.gov.uk/gla/publications/factsandfigures/dmag-briefing-2008-07.pdf)

According to ONS estimates, nearly three-quarters (73%) of Bermondsey Community Councils population was of working age, while 16% were children (015 years of age) and 11% were of a pensionable age. The ONS estimates predict a higher percentage of all adults in the 3044 year age group than both GLA projections however the GLA PLP Low and GLA PLP High 2005 projections show a similar picture in all broad age groups.4 The GLA PLP Low and GLA PLP High projections in Graph 3 show the distribution of Bermondsey Community Councils population by age group with both series having a similar distribution.

Graph 3: Bermondsey Community Council, Age Distribution by Sex

9 8 7 6 5 % 4 3 2 1 0 0-4

5 - 9 10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 - 69 70 - 74 75 - 79 80 - 84 Age Group (years) GLA 2007 Low Females GLA 2007 Low Males GLA 2007 Males-High GLA 2007 Females-High

85+

Source: GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP Low; GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP High

Using ONS data, children were defined as people aged 015 years, working age was 1659 years for females and 1664 years for males. Pensionable age was 60 years and above for females and 65 years and above for males.

Ethnicity

Office for National Statistics (ONS) 2001 Census

Table 2 shows the ethnic diversity of Bermondsey Community Council from the 2001 Census.5 This is still the most reliable source of information on ethnicity for Bermondsey Community Council, as the ONS or GLA do not produce more recent ethnicity estimates below borough level. In 2001 the largest proportion of the population was White British (60%), which was higher than for the whole of Southwark (52%). Black African made up 14% of the population of Bermondsey Community Council, a lower proportion than for the whole of Southwark (16%). Around 4% of the population was Black Caribbean, compared to 8% of the whole of Southwark.
Table 2: Bermondsey Community Council, Population by Ethnic Group, 2001 Ethnic Group White British White Irish White Other White and Black Caribbean White and Black African White and Asian Other Mixed Indian Pakistani Bangladeshi Other Asian Black Caribbean Black African Other Black Chinese Other Ethnic Group Bermondsey CC
Source: ONS 2001 Census

no. 20,784 1,169 3,059 363 236 192 312 485 128 248 189 1,233 4,791 354 593 479 34,615

% 60.0 3.4 8.8 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.4 0.4 0.7 0.5 3.6 13.8 1.0 1.7 1.4 100

The 2001 Census underestimated Southwarks population therefore the total figure may differ from the 2001 Mid year estimates. For more information see ONS 2004 Local Authority studies http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_population/LAStudy_Southwark.pdf.

HOW HAS BERMONDSEY COMMUNITY COUNCIL CHANGED?

Population

The population of Bermondsey Community Council was estimated to have increased between 2001 and 2005. Table 3 shows the population of each of Bermondsey Community Council's wards over the 4-year period. According to GLA and ONS data, Riverside ward increased the most in population between 2001 and 2005 whilst South Bermondsey ward either decreased by 300 people (ONS) or increased between 100 and 200 people (GLA PLP Low and GLA PLP High), depending on which data you look at.

Table 3: Bermondsey Community Council Population Estimates 20012005 - Wards (a)

Grange Riverside Sth Bermondsey Bermondsey

2001 12,500 11,400 12,000 36,000

ONS 2005 13,500 12,300 11,700 37,500

diff. 1,000 900 -300 1,500

GLA PLP Low diff. 2001 2005 12,700 13,500 800 11,600 12,700 1,100 12,200 12,300 100 36,500 38,500 2,000

GLA PLP High diff. 2001 2005 12,700 13,600 900 11,600 12,800 1,200 12,200 12,400 200 36,500 38,800 2,300

Source: ONS Mid-2001 and ONS Mid-2005 Population Estimates for Lower Layer Super Output Areas; GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP Low; GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP High (a) Figures have been rounded to the nearest 100. Discrepancies may occur due to rounding.

As Table 4 shows, natural increase (i.e. more births than deaths) has contributed more to the increase of the Bermondsey Community Council population than net migration since 2001.

Table 4: Bermondsey Community Council, Population Estimates, Components of Change 20012005 (a)

Components of population change Mid Year

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Population
Net migration & other changes no.
200 500 -200 300 -100

Births Deaths no. no.

500 500 600 600 600 300 200 300 200 200

Natural increase no.

300 300 300 400 400

At end of period no.

37,000 37,700 37,800 38,500 38,800

Growth on previous year no. %

500 700 100 700 300 1.4 2 0.2 1.9 0.8

Source: GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP Low (a) Figures have been rounded to the nearest 100. Discrepancies may occur due to rounding.

Age

Office for National Statistics (ONS)

Between 2001 to 2005 the ONS mid year estimates showed that the number of people of working age in Bermondsey Community Council increased by 2,300 people or 3 percentage points to 73%, the number of children decreased by 300 people and the number of people of pensionable age also decreased by 300 people.6 Graph 4 shows that the broad age group with the greatest percentage change was in 015 year age group decreasing by nearly two percentage points to 16% from 2001 to 2005. The 1629 year age group also showed some change, increasing by nearly 900 people (1 percentage point) over the period. The proportions in all other age groups remained similar across the years.
Graph 4: Bermondsey Community Council, Population by Broad Age Group, 2001, 2003, 2005
35 30 25 20 % 15 10 5 0 015 1629 3044 Age Group (years)
2001 2003 2005

4564 Males, 4559 Females

65+ Males, 60+ Females

Source: ONS Mid- 2001 Population Estimates for Lower Layer Super Output Areas; ONS Mid-2003 Population Estimates for Lower Layer Super Output Areas; ONS Mid-2005 Population Estimates for Lower Layer Super Output Areas

6 Using ONS data, children were defined as people aged 015 years, working age was 1659 years for females and 1664 years for males. Pensionable age was 60 years and above for females and 65 years and above for males.

Greater London Authority (GLA) Projections

The GLA PLP Low projections as shown in Graph 5 for 2001, 2003 and 2005 showed the number of people aged between 1564 years was estimated to have increased by 2,800 people between 2001 and 2005. The largest rise in population occurred within the 2529 year age group, jumping from 4,000 (11%) to 5,800 (15%) people over the 4-year period. The number of children in the 0 14 year age group decreased by around 600 and the number of people aged 65 and over decreased by around 200 between 2001 and 2005.
Graph 5: Bermondsey Community Council, GLA PLP Low Population by Age group, 2001, 2003, 2005
16 14 12 10
%

8 6 4 2 0 0-4 5-9 10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 - 69 70 - 74 75 - 79 80 - 84 Age Group (years) 2001 2003 2005 85+

Source: GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP Low

The GLA PLP High estimates for 2001, 2003 and 2005 showed similar distributions to the GLA PLP Low across the age groups but for a slightly larger overall base population.

Graph 6: Bermondsey Community Council, GLA PLP High Population by Age Group, 2001, 2003, 2005
16 14 12 10
%

8 6 4 2 0 0-4 5-9 10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 - 69 70 - 74 75 - 79 80 - 84 Age group (year) 2001 2003 2005 85+

Source: GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP High

HOW MIGHT BERMONDSEY COMMUNITY COUNCIL CHANGE?

Population

Greater London Authority (GLA) Projections

The GLA predict that Bermondsey Community Councils population will continue to grow (see Graph 7 and Table 5) over the next two decades to 2029. The population is projected to reach 55,300 (GLA PLP High) or 53,300 (GLA PLP Low). ONS population projections are not available below Borough level.
Graph 7: Bermondsey, Total Projected Population, 20052029
57 55 53 Thousands ('000) 51 49 47 45 43 41 39 37 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Year GLA PLP Low GLA PLP High

Source: GLA 2007 Round Population Projections PLP Low; GLA 2007 Round Population Projections PLP High

The GLA PLP Low projections predict that Bermondsey Community Councils population will grow at the same rate as projected in the GLA PLP High projections, from a lower base population. The GLA PLP High projections predict an increase of 43% (16,500) which is an annual average increase of 700 people. The GLA PLP Low methodology is driven by the increase in homes seen since mid-2001, whereas, the GLA PLP High projections makes the assumption that the pattern of international migration will remain the same as it was between 2001 and 2006.
Table 5: Bermondsey Community Council Projected Population, 2005, 2015, 2029 (a)

2005 no. GLA PLP Low GLA PLP High 38,500 38,800

2015 no. 47,300 48,300

2029 no. 53,300 55,300

Source: GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP Low; GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP High (a) Numbers have been rounded to nearest hundred. Discrepancies may occur due to rounding.

Table 6 details how the wards within Bermondsey Community Council will change between 2005 and 2029. The GLA PLP High projections predict that Riverside ward will increase the most in population, growing by around a third of its size over the two decades. The ward with the smallest growth is projected to be South Bermondsey, which will increase by around 4,500 people (GLA PLP High), roughly 27% of its population.

Table 6 : Bermondsey Community Council Population Estimates 2005, 2015, 2029 Wards (a) GLA PLP Low GLA PLP High 2005 Grange Riverside South Bermondsey Bermondsey 13,500 12,700 12,300 38,500 2015 17,000 16,400 13,900 47,300 2029 17,000 16,400 13,900 47,300 diff 3,500 3,700 1,600 8,800 2005 13,600 12,800 12,400 38,800 2015 17300 16800 14200 48,300 2029 19,200 19,200 16,900 55,300 diff 5,600 6,400 4,500 16,500

Source: GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP Low; GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP High (a) Figures have been rounded to the nearest 100. Discrepancies may occur due to rounding.

GLA Projected Components of Change

The GLA projected how Bermondsey Community Councils population will change in the future. As shown in Graph 8 it is projected that the population of Bermondsey Community Council will show a positive change until 2027 after which it will turn into a negative change. Deaths are projected to be stable but births will gradually rise then fall so the changes are mainly the result of net migration (that is more people leaving the borough than entering it). Net migration is projected to be negative in 2005, 2007, 2018, 2019 and after 2021. Net migration will peak in 2010 and 2020, then migration levels are projected to fall after both occasions. Within Bermondsey Community Council, Riverside and Grange wards will follow a similar pattern of total change to the overall Community Council, however South Bermondsey is projected to experience a steadily increasing total change until 2010 and is the only ward to retain positive migration after 2021.

Graph 8: Bermondsey Community Council, Projected Components of Change, 20052029

1,500

1,000
Population change

500

-500

-1,000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Year
Births Deaths Net Migration Total Change

Source: GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP Low

Age

Greater London Authority (GLA) Projections

GLA projections show that Bermondsey Community Council's population will age between 2005 and 2029. The GLA PLP Low projections shows that the proportion of people aged 1564 years will decrease slightly to 72% in 2029 down from 74% in 2005. The proportion of children (014 years) will increase slightly to 18% in 2029, up from 16% in 2005 and the proportion of people aged 65 years and over is projected to remain at 10% between 2005 and 2029. The broad population groups will remain relatively unchanged but there are projected to be some changes within the five-year age groups. Graph 9 shows projected increases in the proportions of people in the older working age groups (4064 years) over time, particularly between 2015 and 2029 (26% to 32%). In contrast, there is a large projected decrease in the younger working age groups, more specifically in the 2529 year age group that is projected to decrease by around half over the two decades (14% to 8% in 2029).
Graph 9: Bermondsey Community Council GLA Population Projections by Age, 2005, 2015, 2029
16 14 12 10

%
8 6 4 2 0 0-4 5-9 10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 - 69 70 - 74 75 - 79 80 - 84 85+

Age Group (years)

2005 2015 2029

Source: GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP Low

As Graph 10 demonstrates, the GLA PLP High has similar projections as the PLP Low, but for a larger base population.
Graph 10: Bermondsey Community Council, GLA Population Projection by Age, 2005, 2015, 2029
16

14

12 10
%

0 0-4 5-9 10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 - 69 70 - 74 75 - 79 80 - 84 Age Group (years) 2005 2015 2029 85+

Source: GLA 2007 Round Ward Population Projections PLP High

10