PROJECT TOPIC:

4G TECHNOLOGIES & APPLICATIONS

INTRODUCTION

Consumers demand more from their technology. Whether it be a television, cellular phone, the latest technology purchase must have new features. With the advent of the Internet, the mostwanted feature is better, faster access to information. To support such a powerful system, we need pervasive, high-speed wireless connectivity. A number of technologies currently exist to provide users with high-speed digital wireless connectivity; Bluetooth and 802.11 are examples. These two standards provide very high-speed network connections over short distances, typically in the tens of meters. Meanwhile, cellular providers seek to increase speed on their long-range wireless networks. The goal is the same: long-range, high-speed wireless and more applications and services, high quality audio/video streaming ,which for the purposes will be called 4G, for fourth-generation wireless system. It is also referred to by MAGIC which stands for Mobile multimedia, Any-where, Global mobility solutions over, Integrated wireless and Customized services. In telecommunications, 4G is the fourth generation of cell phone mobile communications standards. It is a successor of the third generation (3G) standards and is an all IP-based integrated system capable to provide 100 Mbps for high mobility and 1 Gbps for low mobility. What is the difference between 3G and 4G and what are the applications of 4G technologies?

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 3G AND 4G

3G (including2.5G,sub3G)

4G

Major Requirement Driving Architecture Network Architecture

Predominantly voice driven - data was always add on Wide area cell-based

Converged data and voice over IP Hybrid - Integration of Wireless LAN (WiFi, Bluetooth) and wide area

Speeds

384 Kbps to 2 Mbps

20 to 100 Mbps in mobile mode Higher frequency bands (2-8 GHz) 100 MHz (or more) All digital with packetized voice OFDM and MC-CDMA (Multi Carrier CDMA) Concatenated coding scheme Smarter Antennas, software multiband and wideband radios All IP (IP6.0)

Frequency Band

Dependent on country or continent (1800-2400 MHz) 5-20 MHz Circuit and Packet

Bandwidth Switching Design Basis

Access Technologies

W-CDMA, 1xRTT, Edge

Forward Error Correction Component Design

Convolutional rate 1/2, 1/3 Optimized antenna design, multi-band adapters

IP

A number of air link protocols, including IP 5.0

APPLICATIONS OF 4G TECHNOLOGIES A 4G system or technology provides various applications such as: Mobile ultra-broadband Internet access, for example to laptops with USB wireless modems, to smartphones, and to other mobile devices. Conceivable applications include amended mobile web access, IP telephony, gaming services, high-definition mobile TV, video conferencing and 3D television. -LOCATION-BASED APPLICATIONS VIRTUAL NAVIGATION AND TELEGEOPROCESSING: It is possible to see the internal layout of a building during an emergency rescue. This type of application is some time referred to as telegeoprocessing. A remote database will contain the graphical representation of streets, buildings and physical characteristics of a large metropolis. Blocks of this database will be transmitted in rapid sequence to a vehicle, where a rendering program will permit the occupants to visualize the environment ahead. They

may also virtually see the internal layout of buildings to plan an emergency rescue or engage hostile elements hidden in the building. Network internal ( Traffic & coverage measurements), Lawful intercept extensions(Law enforcement locates suspect ,Location (in 3D), speed and direction). -TELEMEDICINE: A paramedic assisting a victim of a traffic accident in a remote location could access medical records (Xrays) and establish a video conference so that a remotely based surgeon could provide on-scene assistance. -CRISIS MANAGEMENT APPLICATION: In the event of natural disasters where the entire communications infrastructure is in disarray, restoring communications quickly is essential. With wideband wireless mobile communications, limited and even total communication capability (including Internet and video services) could be set up within hours instead of days or even weeks required at present for restoration of wire line communications. -VOICE Voice is and remains the most important type of application in mobile telecommunications. Voice broadcast service (VBS): the capacity for a single mobile to talk to a group of mobiles. Voice group call service (VGCS): the capacity for a group of mobiles to talk to each other. Enhanced multilevel priority and preemption (EMLPP): the fact that urgent calls can preempt less urgent calls. -MESSAGING Multimedia Messaging Services (MMS) Text, sounds, images, and video Transition from Short Message Service (SMS) Open Internet standards for messaging. -INTERNET ACCESS Web Applications Information portals Wireless Markup Language (WML) with signals using Wireless Application Protocol (WAP). -GAMES Games will be another major application segment in3G/4G. -ELECTRONIC AGENTS Electronic agents are supposed to play an important role for mobile working in the future as agents are dispatched to carry out searches and tasks on the Internet and report back to their owners.- They

will be e-assistance, e-secretaries, e-advisors, e-administrators etc. This kind of control is what home automation applications anticipate -DATING APPLICATIONS - These are already very popular in Asia.- It can be a simple bulletin board with dating adverts combined with an anonymous e-mail server, or it could be a lonely-hearts mobile chat room. -ADULT ENTERTAINMENT And the last in this list, but certainly not the least profitable, is the adult entertainment sector. This is the most profitable entertainment business in general, and it will remain so in 3G. The premiums will be very high. -ONLINE SHOP Commercial services, Coupons or offers from nearby stores, online shopping.

CONCLUSION Customers, system designers and services providers are looking forward to a true wireless broadband cellular technology, or 4G. To achieve the goals of 4G, technology will need to improve significantly in order to achieve the vision of 4G. We think that 3G experiences - good or bad, technological or business - will be useful in guiding the industry in this effort. To sketch out a world where mobile devices and services are ubiquitous and the promise of future fourth generation (4G) mobile networks enables things only dreamed of, we believe that 4G will probably become an IP-based network in all over the world even if 4G is actually not really present in few countries. REFERENCES Books: - Advanced Wireless Communications by John Wiley & Sons, 30-Jan-2006 - 4G Mobile and Wireless Communications Technologies by River Publishers, 2008 - Fourth-Generation Wireless Networks by Sasan Adibi, Amin Mobasher, Tom Tofigh INTERNET: -http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4G

-http://www.4gworld.com/chicago/news/#id_06282012 -http://www.hindustantimes.com/technology/IndustryTrends/India-eyes-4G-service-launch-nextyear/SP-Article1-766323.aspx -http://www.airtel.in/4g-lte/devices.html#4G -www.flarion.com -http://www.networkmagazine.com