Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PRINCIPLES
PRINCIPLES OF SELECTION Teaching objective Unique characteristics of the special group of learners Age group Grade level True representatives of the real things Help in the realization of desires learening objectives.
PRINCIPLES OF PREPARATION Locally available material Students should be associated in preparation of audio-visual Aids
PRINCIPLES OF PROPER PRESENTATION Visualize the use of teaching aid before their actual presentation Fully acquaint themselves with the use of aids. Adequate handling of aids Display properly. Avoid distraction of all kinds.
PRINCIPLES OF RESPONSE
A.V.AIDS
RESPONDS BY STUDENT
Graphic aids are helpful in: 1. Arresting students attention 2. Conveying information in a condensed form 3. Presenting information efficiently 4. Concretizing abstract ideas and 5. Stimulating interest.
CHARTS
DEFINITION Charts can be defined as illustrative media for depicting a logical relationship between main ideas and supporting facts.
Charts are the graphic aids depicting information in the form of tables,pictures,graphic and diagram.
PURPOSE OF CHARTS
For showing relationships by means of facts and figures. For presenting the material symbolically.
TYPES OF CHARTS
TREE CHARTS STREAM CHARTS FLOW CHARTS TABLE CHARTS FLIP CHARTS PIE CHART TABULATION CHART
TREE CHARTS
A chart made in the form of several branches from the trunk represents the main idea while the branches represent various developments, relationships or subpart of the main idea
STREAM CHARTS
A stream chart is the graphic aid showing the main though,idea,concept in the form of a main river and its subparts in the form of tributaries coming out of it
FLOW CHARTS
A flow charts is the graphic aid of a system requiring presentation in the form of connected lower divisions of the system in boxes and lines to show their relative positions with respect to the highest position in the system.
TABLE CHART
FLIP CHARTS
A set of charts related to specific topic have been tagged together and hang on a supporting stand
PIE CHART
TABULATION CHART
Here the numerical data are presented in a tabular form ,used for comparison or for listing advantages and disadvantages of an organisation.It presents information in ordinary sequences
DIAGRAM
A diagram is the simplified drawing of an object,product,appliance or process to explain finer points of the same
Pictures are the most commonly available graphic aids Pictures includes photographs,painting,illustrations,clipped from periodicals
PICTURES
Pictures should be large enough for the whole class to see it properly
FLASH CARDS
Flash card are shown for a few moments before the class to send across a message or impart an idea. The idea on the flash card should be brief.
CARTOONS
A cartoon is humurous caricature which gives a subtle message. In a cartoon, the features of objects and people are exaggerated along with generally recognised symbols.
ADVANTAGES OF CARTOONS
A Cartoon can be effectively use to initiate certain lesson. A cartoon can be used to motivate students to start a discussion A cartoon can be used for making lesson lively and interesting .
COMIC STRIPS
A comic strip is a graphic depiction in a series of pictures or sketches of some character and events full of action.
POSTERS
Posters are graphic aids with short, quick and typical messages with attention capturing painting. USES: Advertising Campaigning Giving a directive Popularizing a slogan Giving a warning Propaganda.
Posters can be of different sizes. A big posters on a wooden or iron board is called billboard or hoarding. Billboard are usually used for adverting and propaganda. A good poster is said to have the following features: i. Simplicity in depiction ii. Dramatic action packed short message iii. Colorfulness iv. Eye catching figurative design
GRAPHS
Graphs are the visual teaching aids for presenting statistical information and contrasting the trends or changes of certain attributes. There are four main types of graph namely: bar graphs, line graphs, picture graphs and pie graphs
BAR GRAPHS
LINE GRAPHS
6 5
4
3 2 1 0 Series 1 Series 2 Series 3
Category 1
Category 2
Category 3
Category 4
PICTORIAL GRAPH
PIE GRAPH
Sales
1st Qtr
2nd Qtr
3rd Qtr 4th Qtr