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MODEL MCQS IN ANATOMY

INTRODUCTION
Please keep in mind the following tips when dealing with MCQs. Do you read the instructions on the paper. If you have not, then read them now. Read it again at the exam.

INTRODUCTION
Answer all questions. Write your index number on this paper and on the answer paper. Do not remove this paper from the examination hall. These scripts are read by a machine. Mark clearly and firmly. Soft or small marks are not recognized by the machine. Cover the circle. Do not cover a large area out side the circle.

INTRODUCTION
Write the name of the examination, subject and date in the space provided. Mark the index number in the box and write the index number in digits above the box. Mark true or false or leave blank. Do not mark both. If a mistake has been made, erase the mark with a rubber eraser and darken the correct mark

FORMAT-QUESTIONS 1 & 2
Some questions are system based and not region based. It is important to study general anatomy. Have you read the chapter on introduction in Cunninham and other books?

QUESTION 1
1. True or false regarding the musculo-skeletal system? a. Teeth are joined to the mandible by synovial joints. b. Symphysis pubis is a primary cartilagenous joint. c. A ligament connects a muscle with a bone. d. Sternoclavicular joint is the only joint, which is divided in to two compartments by a cartilage. e. Menisci are of the same histological material as that of the articular cartilage.

QUESTION 1 - EXPLANATION
a.F- Joints with maximum amount of movement are synovial joints, whereas teeth lie in alveoli and are not mobile. b.Fc. F-Ligaments connects bones, especially at joints, whereas muscles connect to bone via tendons. d.Te.T-

QUESTION 2
2. True or false regarding the lymphatic system? a. Each intestinal villus has a lymph vessel which has a blind end on one side. b. Superficial lymph vessels are situated just deep to the deep fascia. c. Lymph vessels are lined by a stratified squamous epithelium. d. Lymph nodes are not attached to efferent lymph vessels.

e. Thoracic duct usually drains the right side of the neck.

QUESTION 2 EXPLANANTION.
a. T-Yes it has a lactieal which is surrounded by a capillary plexus. b.F- Obviously not. How can it be superficial if it lies deep to the deep fascia? (Use your common sense.) c.F- Since they are not under any wear and tear it has a simple squamous epithelium, just like in capillaries. d.F- Vessels which carry lymph node to a node are afferent vessels and away from a LN are efferent vv. e.F- TD drains the whole lymphatic field below the diaphrapm and the left half of the lymphatics above it.

FORMAT-QUESTION 3&4
Some questions are to match or pair on a condition.

QUESTION 3
3. Do the following pairs match regarding central connections of cranial nerves. a.Trigeminal nerve : mesencephalic nucleus. b.Olfactory nerve : pons. c.Hypoglossal nerve : medulla d.Oblongatadglossopharyngeal nerve : nucleus of the solitary tract e.Trochlear nerve : mid brain

QUESTION 3 - EXPLANATION
a.T b.F c.T d.T e.T To answer this question one only needs to know that the cranial nerves have the following central connection, CN XII to IX - from the medulla. CN VIII to V - from the pons. CN IV & III - from the midbrain.

Question 4
4. The following are correctly paired. a. von Willebrands disease : X linked recessive inheritance. b. Increased maternal age : new single gene mutations in children. c. Trisomy 21 : increased risk of congenital heart disease. d. Erythrocytes : metaphase spreads for cytogenetic analysis. e. Achondroplasia : diagnosed by chromosome analysis.

QUESTION 4 EXPLANATION
a. It can be both autosomal dominant and recessive and is not x-linked. b. c. Most Downs syndrome children suffer from congenital heart disease. d. e.

FORMAT-QUESTION 5&6
Some questions are based on a list of organs. Understand the use of the words all,none,only.

QUSTION 5
5. Read this list of arteries in the abdomen. A - coeliac axis B - superior mesenteric C inferior mesenteric Of these, (a) None supply the derivatives of the foregut. (b) All supply the colon. (c) The appendix is supplied by B. (d) Only B supplies the small bowel. (e) Only A supplies the stomach.

QUESTION 5 - EXPLANATION
a.F- Coeliac axis is the artery of the foregut. b.F- Not the coeliac axis. c.T- because it is part of the mid gut. d.F- Duodenum is supplied by both the coeliac axis and superior mesenteric arteries. e.T- Since stomach is a part of the foregut.

QUESTION 6
6. Read this list of veins in the thorax. A - azygos B - hemiazygos C- internal thoracic D - accessory hemiazygos Of these veins a.D drains in to A. b.B drains in to D. c.blood in C does not get in to A. d.all drain intercostal spaces. e.none drain the alveolar tissue.

QUESTION 6 - EXPLANATION
a.T-Both hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos veins drain in to azygos vein. b.F c.T-Internal thoracic veins drain in to Brachiocephalic veins. d.T e.T-Blood from alveolar tissue drain via pulmonary veins.

FORMAT - QUESTION 7&8


Questions based on a clinical situation but needing basic anatomical knowledge to answer. Remember it is the basic anatomical principle that is being questioned and not the clinical condition.

QUESTION 7
7 A factory worker accidentally got his distal phalanx of the index finger completely cut (severed) through the distal interphalangeal joint space. The doctor attending to his injuries will expect to find a. two divided tendons on the flexor aspect. b.four digital arteries bleeding. c.the pain sensation to be transmitted through the median nerve. d.the bone marrow to be exposed. e.the cut digital nerves to be clearly visible.

QUESTION7-EXPLANATION
a.F-Only the tendon of flexor digitorum profundus insert in to the flexor aspect of distal phalanx. b.T-In each fingers there are four digital arteries. c.T-Lateral three and half fingers are supplied by median nerve. d.F-The finger has divided through distal interphalangeal joint. e.F-The distal digital nerves are small terminal branches of cutaneaus nerves.

QUESTION 8
8.When the deep branch of the ulnar nerve is damaged, the patient presents with a. paralysis of adductor pollicis b. an inability to spread out the fingers. c. sensory loss over the dorsum of the hand. d. Hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal and extension of the interphalangeal joints of ring and little fingers. e. Sensory loss over the tip of the little finger.

QUESTION 8-EXPLANATION
a.T-Adductor pollicis muscle is supplied by the deep branch of ulnar nerve. b.T-This is the action of the Dorsal interossei muscles which are supplied by Deep branch of ulnar nerve. c.F-The medial third of the back of the hand is supplied by the dorsal branch of ulnar nerve. d.F-Paralysis of the intrinsic muscles of the hand cause to extension of metacarpophalangeal joints and flexon of the interphalangeal joints due to unopposed action of long flexors and extensors of the hand. e.F-This area is supplied by palmar digital branches of ulnar nerve.

FORMAT - QUESTION 9&10


Most questions are traditional simple recall of facts.

QUESTION 9
9. The breast a.has a superior border at the level of the 2nd rib. b.has a lateral border at the posterior axillary line. c.has a part posterior to the pectoralis major muscle. d.has about 2- 4 openings in the nipple. e.is separated from the underlying muscle by the deep fascia.

QUESTION 9-EXPLANATION
a.T-The Breast extend from second to sixth ribs. b.F-Laterally Breast extends almost to midaxillary line. c.T-Axillary tail of the Breast passes in to the axilla deep to the Pectoralis major muscle. d.F-There are about 15-20 openings of lactiferous ducts in the nipple. e.T-The Breast lie superficial to the deep fascia

QUESTION 10
10. Regarding the embryology of the genitourinary tract, true or false? a. urine is produced by the foetus. b. much of the kidney is developed from the pronephros. c. mesonephros is derived from the intermediate mesoderm. d. the ureteric bud gives rise to the collecting tubules. e. the kidney is initially in the cervical region and later descents to its lumbar position.

QUESTION 10
a.T b.F c.T d.T e.F

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