( Techniques Of Problem

Solving ) is a comprehensive
program for the development of
problem-solving skills and
strategies.

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS

 TOPS Module can be used

To make students aware that many

problems can be solved in more than
one way.

To encourage students to
communicate in English during the
teaching and learning
activities.

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS

 OBJECTIVES

to improve student’s performance

at solving problems correctly and
make students aware of problem
solving
strategies.

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS

 OBJECTIVES
TOPS module was designed to
encourage the students to
communicate during the teaching
and learning activities with the
teacher playing an active role
leading the students through
each experience.

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS

 CONTENT
• TEACHING & LEARNING STRATEGIES
• WORKSHEETS
• ALL YEAR 4 TOPICS
• FOCUS ON PROBLEM SOLVING LEARNING
OUTCOMES.

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS

 Draw
a

Choosing diagra Findin

The m g
Operation
Facts

Problem Identifying
Working
Solving patterns
Strategie and
Backwards
s sequences

Make a
Using table
Logic Chart/
Guessing systematic
And
Checking

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS

 Problem Solving
Based on Polya’ Model

 Understanding the problem;

 Devising a plan;
 Carrying out the plan; and
 Looking back at the solution.

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS

 Flowing Chart Of Problem Solving
START

i. Read and understand

ii. Extract the points
iii. Interpretate the problem
Understanding the problem

Select appropriate solution strategies Devising a plan

Implement solution
Carrying out the plan
Incorrrect
Does the strategic possible?

Correct
Check the answer
Incorrect Looking back the solution
Is it a correct solving ?

Incorrect
END
02 Mac 2006 TOPS JPN PENANG
JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS
 TEACHER’s ROLE

Before students start work on a

problem
have a whole –class discussion about
the problem.

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS

TEACHING ACTION BEFORE
1. Read the problem
2. Ask question for
understanding.
3. Discuss possible
solution strategies

Understanding the problem;

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS

During the time they are working on the Problem ,
move around to monitor and direct Student’s work.
TEACHING ACTIONS DURING
4. Observe students
5. Give hints as needed to solve the
problem
6. Require students to check back
answer
the problem.
7. Give problem extensions as
needed.PLANNING A SOLUTION

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS

TEACHING ACTION AFTER
8. Discuss solutions
9. Discuss related problems

and extensions.
10. Discuss special features
as
needed
FINDING THE ANSWER

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS

When and How To use The
Module?
• After each topic.
• As an expand and extend activity
after using the textbook’s
examples.
• Worksheets should be given to
all.
• As a communication tool.
JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS
 REFER PAGE 8
CHOOSING THE OPERATION

REFER PAGE 12
MAKING DRAWING

REFER PAGE 15
WORKING BACKWARDS
JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS
REFER TO PAGE 29 & 31

COMPLETING TABLE

REFER TO PAGE 33 – 35
TRIAL AN ERROR

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS

REFER PAGE 49
•USING LOGIC

PAGE 54 & 55
FINDING FACTS

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS

 GREAT MINDS DISCUSS IDEAS

AVERAGE MINDS DISCUSS EVENTS

SMALL MINDS DISCUSS PEOPLE

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS

THANK YOU

What is TOPS ?

JPN P. PINANG - MODUL TOPS