Antibiotics

Too Much of a Good Thing?

Biology Lecture Launchers
from Benjamin Cummings and Discovery Channel School

Presentation prepared by Andrew Stull

Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics

Your doctor prescribes an antibiotic and specifically cautions you to take every pill. Why?
Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics

Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics

Your doctor prescribes an antibiotic and specifically cautions you to take every pill. Why?
Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Checkpoint

What is an antibiotic? a. It is a toxin used by bacteria to kill molds. b. It is a drug that can kill infectious bacteria. c. It is a chemical produced by the body to defend itself against viruses. d. Its an area with conditions that dont support life. e. None of the above are correct.
Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Checkpoint

What is an antibiotic?
b. It is a drug that can kill infectious bacteria.

Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Checkpoint

Human white blood cells ________. a. carry oxygen and carbon dioxide to the lungs b. store antibiotics for release at sites of infection c. serve as one of the bodys natural lines of defense against microbial invaders d. gather and eliminate antibiotics from the site of an infection e. All of these are correct.
Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Checkpoint

Human white blood cells ________.

c. serve as one of the bodys natural lines of defense against microbial invaders

Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Checkpoint

About half of the antibiotics produced today __________. a. end up in animal feed b. are used by field hospitals in war zones c. are shipped to third-world countries d. become useless due to developing resistance by bacterial populations e. are stored for later use

Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Checkpoint

About half of the antibiotics produced today __________. a. end up in animal feed

Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Checkpoint

How do bacteria populations become drug resistant? a. Antibiotics remove drug-susceptible individuals but leave those that are drugresistant. b. Natural selection drives bacterial populations to change. c. Some individuals are genetically resistant to antibiotics. d. All of these are correct.
Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Checkpoint

How do bacteria populations become drug resistant?

d. All of these are correct.

Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Checkpoint

Which of these is not an effective strategy to prevent antibiotic resistance? a. Dont stockpile antibiotics. b. Dont demand antibiotics from your physician. c. Use antibiotics only as long as symptoms remain. d. Use antibiotics as prescribed. e. Dont share antibiotics with others.

Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Checkpoint

Which of these is not an effective strategy to prevent antibiotic resistance?

c. Use antibiotics only as long as symptoms remain.

Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Biology and Society

The development of antibiotic resistance by bacteria illustrates how natural selection affects our lives. Can you name another way our society experiences the effects of natural selection?

Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Biology and Society

Many antibioticslike penicillinare no longer effective, but it is costly to develop replacements. Do we have an obligation to societies that cannot afford to develop these new and expensive antibiotics?

Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Biology and Society

About 50% of the antibiotics produced today are used in the livestock industry. What impact does this have on the treatment of human diseases?

Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Internet Research

Antibacterial Soap Doesnt Prevent Viral Infection

(http://kidshealth.org/research/antibacterial_products.html) This article outlines our use and misunderstanding of antibacterial soaps. Are there concerns that bacteria will develop resistance to antibacterial soaps?

Drug Companies Snub Antibiotics

(http://www.nature.com/nsu/030915/030915-6.html) The article speculates that drug companies are spending less money and less effort to develop new antibiotics. What evidence does the author cite? What are the consequences to global health if this is the case?

Is Your Meat Safe?

(http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/meat/safe/) This site outlines the debate over the use of antibiotics in the livestock industry. Familiarize yourself with the issues, then share your thoughts (http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/meat/talk/). Was the coverage fair and unbiased?
Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics
Summary

We didnt have antibiotics before the 1940s. Alexander Fleming helped to develop the first antibiotic from a mold. Antibiotics work to kill infecting bacteria. Natural variations exist within bacterial populations that make some bacteria resistant to antibiotics. Abuse of antibiotics promotes the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Antibiotics

Preventing the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is in the hands of every individual. What actions will you take?

Copyright 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings