Geographical Location

Republic of Bulgaria is situated on the

European continent in the eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula.

 In the North it borders Romania, in the West by

Borders

Serbia and the Republic of Macedonia, in the South with Greece and Turkey. In the East of Bulgaria is the Black Sea. The total length of state border is 2245 km.

 Besides the mainland, Bulgaria also has some

small islands in the Black Sea and Danube River. Its territory is 111 thousand square kilometers and occupies 22% of the area of the Balkan Peninsula.

 The relief of Bulgaria is a mosaic of the plains,

Relief

valleys, canyons, varying in height and spreading towards the mountains. It has a small-medium altitude 472 meters. This is due to prevailing forms of relief.

 Unique forms of relief - relief rock formations,

pyramids, gorges, caves and beaches.

Determined to agriculture, transport,

construction of settlements and industrial sites.

Pyramids in Melnik

Gorges

Caves

Beaches

Pomories beach Sunny beach

Minerals
They were formed in the crust through

its geological development. Minerals are important for the development of the country. Bulgaria has oil, natural gas, ore and industrial minerals.

Some of minerals in Bulgaria

Climate
Barrier effect of the Balkan Mountains has a

strong influence on the climate in the country. In the Bulgaria dominated temperate climate with cold winters and hot summers.

The country has well-developed river network of about 540 rivers. Most rivers pass through mountainous areas. The longest river is the Iskar, length 368 km. Other major rivers include the Struma and the Maritsa River.

Rivers

Water

 Lakes

In Bulgaria there are over 400 lakes. As one third of them in Rila and Pirin. These are small lakes area and volume. They originate in many rivers. Representatives of the lakes in Rila are the Seven Lakes and Pirin - Priest's Lake.

Flora and fauna

The vegetation of Bulgaria

Bulgaria's flora is diverse and very rich. It includes about 3600 species of higher plants. Forest vegetation determines the production of timber, tourism development, pasture Livestock.

 Animal world

In our country there are more than 15 000 animal species. The insects are numerous. The vertebrate species are only 700, including 200 species of fish.

Insects and Birds

Wild and domestic animals

Population of Bulgaria
The population of Bulgaria is constantly

changing. Now it is 7,351,234 people. The main race of the population is Caucasian.

Spoken language in Bulgaria

Bulgaria's official language is Bulgarian. It is

native to 85% of the population, the other usually speak it as a second language.

Villages
The settlements in Bulgaria are unique creations

of man. They contain and characterized its history and culture. The settlements in Bulgaria are two types villages and towns. The settlements are about 5,300 in number. The capital of Bulgaria is Sofia. It is located to the west. The smallest town in Bulgaria is Melnik.

Melnik

Sofia

Sofia and its attractions

Sofia is the capital of

Bulgaria. It is located in central western Bulgaria. Places to visit: the National Assembly, National Palace of Culture, Sofia University and the cathedral "St. Alexander Nevsky. "

St. Alexander Nevsky

National Palace of Culture

St. Alexander Nevsky

The Cathedral "St. Alexander Nevski " was built

in 1904-1912 in appreciation of the Russian people for the liberation of Bulgaria from the Ottoman rule. It is distinguished by its exquisite architecture.

State and administrative unit

The governmental and administrative structure

of Bulgaria are fundamental and inalienable principles of its management. The changes that occur in them are as a result of significant changes in the political map of the continent and the world.

Economy
Today our membership in the European Union

is crucial for our economy.

Tourism
It contributes to human health, enriches people's

knowledge and culture.

spraying in Djendem (Stara Planina)

Some places in Bulgaria

Belogradchik Rocks
Belogradchik Rocks are located

in northwestern Bulgaria to Belogradchik. They are beautiful rock formations resembling people, animals and castles.

Cave Ledenika
Ledenika Cave is located in the

Balkan Mountains. In winter, its formed stalactites, stalagmites and stalactones froze. The cave has many chambers. It is one of the most beautiful caves in Bulgaria.

Lakes in Rila
The Seven Rila Lakes are glacial formations,

they are in a National Park "Rila". They are splendid. The biggest one is Twin.

Rila Monastery
It was founded in X century by Ivan Rilski and

is located in Rila. The monastery has unique wall paintings, icons, carvings and manuscripts.

Tsarevets
Tsarevets is a hill in Veliko

Tarnovo. On the hill are situated the royal palace and a single architectural ensemble. It is surrounded by a wall with towers and loopholes, and a drawbridge entrance.

History of Bulgaria

 In 681 resulting from the

merger of seven proto Slavonic tribes Asparoukh created Bulgarian state and Pliska to announce its first capital. Khan Krum issued the first written laws. Khan Omurtag assumed construction and reform activity.

the remains of Pliska

Khan Krum

 In 864 Boris I converted the

Bulgarians to Christians, and in 870 established the first Bulgarian church. It welcomed the students of Cyril and Methodius to contribute for the development of the Bulgarian Christian literature.

Boris I

 Cyril and Methodius

created the Cyrillic alphabet in 863. In this case, and a translation of the church books from Greek into Old-Bulgarian language they start the Bulgarian alphabet.

 In Bulgaria Tsar Simeon reaches the largest

territory in the Bulgarian history. Its management is "golden age" of Bulgarian literature. Tsar Samuil proclaimed Ohrid as capital of the Bulgarian kingdom.

Ohrid

 In 1018 Bulgaria fell under Byzantine rule. In 1187 Byzantium officially recognizes the

Second Bulgarian Kingdom. Turnovo became the capital.

Turnovo

 In 1764 Paisii Hilendarski ends " Slav-

Bulgarian History". In it he describes the past of the Bulgarian people, glorious military victories and the images of rulers.

Paisii Hilendarski

 Doctor Petar Beron

creates encyclopedia Fish alphabet book ". It includes history, geography, zoology and physics.

 Zachary Zograf ranks

among the biggest names in Bulgarian art.

Georgi Rakovski released his first revolutionary newspaper The Danube Swan. He formed the First Bulgarian Legion of 600 people in Belgrade. Rakovski creates the first Bulgarian tricolor flag.

 Karavelov is one of the founders of the

Bulgarian literature. His poem is "LIFE IS MINE."

 Vasil Ivanov Kunchev -

Levski enrolled the Rakovski Legion in 1862. He is a member of Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee. He is an apostle of freedom.

Hristo Botev is an active follower of the ideas of Levski and a member of Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee.
George Benkovski gets Blood letter" of Kableshkov. Then he declared the uprising in Panagyurishte. He died for the liberation of Bulgaria.

April Uprising
On April 20, 1876 April

Uprising broke out - the first large-scale and Organized attempt for liberation from Ottoman domination.

Russo-Turkish War
On 24 April 1877 the emperor Alexander II

declared war on Turkey. On July 27 the Russian troops passed the Danube near Svishtov.

Volunteers at Shipka
From 5 to 14 August 1877 at Shipka, there were

fierce battles for the liberation of Bulgaria from the Ottoman rule. Russian soldiers and Bulgarian volunteers defended the summit.

Balkan War
Bulgaria participated in the Balkan War (1912),

together with Serbia and Greece fighting freedom of Thrace and Macedonia. Bulgaria won that war, but subsequent war (1913) was defeated by Romania.

Bulgaria - Republic
In 1946 Bulgaria was proclaimed a Republic.

 Bulgaria became a

member of the European Union and NATO. From January 1, 2007, after fulfilling the membership criteria, Bulgaria became a full member of the European Union.

Sources:
Textbook in Geography and Economics 10 class,

Prosveta Encyclopedia for Children - Great Bulgaria Encyclopedia for Children - My Bulgaria Images Google

Music:
-
(Ani Pavlova Nashata mila rodna strana)

(Emil Dimitrov Moya strana)

(Mariya Neikova - Wyrwyat li dvama)

(Emil Dimitrov Ako si dal)

(Pasha Hristova Edna bylgarska roza)

By:

Elina Stamenova Suzana Tsvetkova Yoana Kamenova Zinaida Zdravkova