BEDMAKING

PURPOSE OF BEDMAKING

PURPOSE OF BEDMAKING
to promote the client's comfort to provide a clean near environment for the client

to provide a smooth, wrinkle-free bed foundation,

thus minimizing sources of skin irritation to conserve the client's energy and maintain current

healthy status
to promote the client's comfort to provide a clean near environment for the client

to provide a smooth, wrinkle-free bed foundation,

thus minimizing sources of skin irritation

IMPORTANCE OF BEDMAKING
1. It helps maintain a clean, orderly and comfortable room which contributes to the patients sense of wellbeing. Helps the patient secure proper rest and comfort which are essential for health and refresh him/her by providing cleanliness It helps prevent or avoid microorganisms to come in contact with the patient which could cause tribulations. It minimizes the sources of skin irritation by providing smooth, wrinkle-free bed foundation.

2.

3.

4.

TYPES OF BED

TYPES OF BED
A. Common Types of Bed
1. Occupied bed the occupied bed is made when the patient is not able or not permitted to get out of the bed the important part of making an occupied bed is to get the sheets smooth and tight under the patient so that there will be no wrinkles to rub against the patients

skin
the clients privacy, comfort and safety is also important when making the bed

TYPES OF BED
2. Unoccupied bed the unoccupied bed is made when there is no patient confined in bed A unoccupied bed may be: the top covers are generally folded back so that a client can easily get into bed surgical, recovery and postoperative bed is a modified version of the open bed; the top bed line is arranged for easy transfer of the client from a stretcher to the bed the top sheets are folded to one side or fan folded to the bottom third of the bed

A. Open bed

TYPES OF BED
B. Close bed

the top sheet blankets and bedspreads are drawn up to the head of the mattress and under the pillows, this is prepared in a hospital room before a new client is admitted to that room

TYPES OF BED
C. Postoperative Bed Also known as recovery bed or anesthetic bed.

Used not only for clients who have undergone surgical

procedures but also for clients who have given anesthetics for a certain examination. Used for a patient with a large cast or other circumstance that would make it difficult for him to transfer easily into bed.

COMMON BED POSITIONS

PRINCIPLES IN BEDMAKING

PRINCIPLES IN BEDMAKING
BODY MECHANICS
it is important to the nurse to observe the correct body mechanics in order to prevent quick tiring, back problems and muscle pain. ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY the conscious knowledge of the normal state and condition of certain parts of the body wherein one would be able to tell any abnormality. the body exerts uneven points of pressure against different areas of the mattress. The sacrum may become the site for preassure sore because of the weight of the patients body and a reduced blood supply to the tissues over bony prominence. CHEMISTRY woolen blanket fibers may cause irritation to the patients skin; there must always be a sheet to separate the blanket from the patient strong detergent, soap and bleaches used in commercial laundries may cause skin irritation if bed linens are not thoroughly rinsed

PRINCIPLES IN BEDMAKING
MICROBIOLOGY pathogenic microorganism may be transferred from the source to a new host directly by contaminated linen. Hands should be washed before and after making bed. bed linen should be folded away from the body to minimize the transfer microorganism to the clothing fanning bed clothing stirs up bacteria in the air, and air motion is a method of transfer. PHYSICS friction can irritate the skin and cause rashes. It is therefore appropriate to keep the lines smooth and wrinkle-free. stability of body (center of gravity over its base) PSYCHOLOGY use skill and efficiency in making the bed to minimize undue exertion and fatigue for the patient. If the procedure brings comfort and relaxation, his attitude will improve. SOCIOLOGY the nurse should know how to talk to patients. The nurse should also know the subject of conversation which interests the patient including his condition, family, and work.

KINDS OF LINENS

KINDS OF LINENS
1. Blanket a large piece of cloth often soft, woolen and is used for warmth as a bed cover Top sheet used to cover the patient to provide warmth, made of thick cotton, thermal material Cotton drawn sheet a piece of cloth that covers the rubber sheet and is used to absorb and protect moisture Bottom sheet used to cover the bed after mattress cover

2.

3.

4.

KINDS OF LINENS
5. Rubber sheet

used to protect the bottom sheet from soothing due

to patient secretions and prevent the patients from getting bedsore. It is usually placed over the center of the bottom sheet

6. Mattress cover
a piece of cloth to cover the mattress

7. Woolen blanket

a large rectangle piece of cloth of soft fabric often

either bound edges used especially for warmth as a bed covering. It should be light, warm and large enough to cover the shoulder and to tuck in well at

the foot and to extend over sides.

GUIDELINES IN BEDMAKING

GUIDELINES IN BEDMAKING
1. Wash hands thoroughly after handling clients bed linen.

2.
3. 4.

Hold soiled linens away from the body.

Linen for one client is never placed on another clients bed. Soiled linen is placed directly in a portable linen hamper or tucked into a pillow case at the end of the bed before it is gathered up for disposal in the linen hamper or in linen chute. Pillowcase is then tied and labeled with: name, room number, communicable/non-communicable

5.
6.

Soiled linen is never shaken in air.

When stripping and making a bed, conserve time and energy by stripping and making up one side as completely as possible before working on the other side.

7. 8.

Gather all needed linen before starting to strip the bed. Keep the patients environment as clean and as neat as possible.

BEGINNING SKILLS IN BEDMAKING

A. STRIPPING THE BED

Removal of used linen and the airing of the mattress.

Procedure:
1. Place chair at the foot of the bed. 2. Remove pillow case from pillow. Place pillow on chair. Place soiled pillow case on lower bar of the bed. 3. Loosen all bed linens starting at center of head of bed, raising the mattress with one hand and drawing out bed clothes with other. 4. Remove sheets separately. Fold each linen with soiled part inside. Wrap them all in a sheet and place on lower bar of the bed. 5. Roll rubber sheet and place on chair. 6. Remove mattress cover.

for an UNOCCUPIED BED CLOSED BED

Arranging clean bed linens on patients bed ready for admission. Equipment: a. mattress cover e. top sheet b. bottom sheet f. pillow cases - 2 c. rubber sheet g. blanket d. cotton draw sheet Procedure: 1. Refold each sheet according to its system of use. 2. Place clean linens on chair in order of use. See to it that the bed is flat. 3. Cover mattress. 4. Place bottom sheet with center fold in center in line with rim of mattress at foot part. Spread across bed. Make mitered corner of head part. Tuck extra sheet at side from head to foot. 5. Put rubber sheet 12-15 inches from the head of mattress. Cover with draw sheet. Spread across bed. Tuck together extra length. 6. Place top sheet in line with mattress at head part and spread across bed. Tuck extra length of sheet at foot part. Miter corners. Allow to hang free at sides. 7. Go to opposite side and repeat same procedure.

for an UNOCCUPIED BED OPEN BED

8. 9. 10. 11. Put pillow case on pillow. Place pillow at top of bed in

center with open end away from door

Spread top sheet over pillow. Fold dirty linens separately. Wrap in one sheet. Carry soiled linens to laundry.

A. Closed Bed B. Open Bed

C. post operative bed

How to make a mitered corner Here, a mitered corner is being made on a flat bottom sheet. (A) The sheet is hanging over the side of the bed. (B) Grasp the edge of the sheet about 12 inches from the foot of the bed and lift it up, forming a triangle. Lay the triangular fold on the top of the bed, and smooth the hanging portion of the sheet against the side of the mattress. (C) Tuck the hanging portion of the sheet underneath the mattress, while holding the triangular fold taut against the top of the bed. (D) Bring the triangular fold back down over the edge of the mattress, and tuck it underneath. This process is the same for the upper corners of the bed and for the top linens.

for an UNOCCUPIED BED POSTOPERATIVE BED

Arranging of bed linens to receive the patient who has just undergone surgery. Equipment: a. linen for occupied bed b. emesis basin c. cellu wipes d. blanket e. tongue blade f. wash cloth g. sphygmomanometer and stethoscope Procedure: 1. Make foundation bed. 2. Place top sheet. Do not tuck. 3. Turn sheet back. Fanfold at sides. 4. Fanfold bedding across bed from side nearest the door. 5. Spread bath towel at head of bed. 6. Place folded blanket across bar at foot of bed. 7. Equip bedside table with emesis basin, cellu wipes, tongue blade, BP Apparatus and stethoscope

for an OCCUPIED BED

Making the bed using new bed linens with patient on bed. Materials: a. clean sheets b. cotton draw sheets c. pillow slips Procedure: 1. Explain procedure to the patient. Screen if in ward. 2. Bring materials to bedside. Place on chair, at foot side/part of bed. Arrange in order of use. 3. Adjust bed to level position. Remove pillows if permissible. 4. Loosen beddings on side of bed. 5. Go to the other side of bed and turn patient towards you. Go back to original side. 6. Fanfold used draw sheet, rubber sheet and bottom sheet towards center of bed and under patient. 7. Place clean folded sheet on bed in line with mattress at foot. Open and spread toward the head part. Fanfold upper half of sheet toward center and under patient. Make mitered corner and tuck extra length of sheet. 8. Pull back rubber sheet, place clean draw sheet over it. Fanfold upper half of draw sheet under patient. Tuck extra length of rubber and draw sheets together.

for an OCCUPIED BED

8. Assist patient to roll to finish the other side of the bed.

9.

Go to the opposite side. Loosen biddings. Remove soiled

sheets one by one. Place at lower bar of the bed.

10.

Pull folds of clean sheets into place. Tuck bottom sheets at head part and miter at the side.

11.

Tighten rubber sheet and draw sheet. Tuck together with bottom sheet.

12.

Help patient to roll on his back at the center of the bed.

13.

Place clean fanfolded sheet over the patient. Cover

shoulders. Draw fanfolded sheet together with used top sheet down to foot part.

14. 15. 16. 17.

Tuck clean top sheet at foot part of the bed. Miter corner. Fit pillow into pillow case. Fold dirty linens separately. Wrap in one sheet. Carry soiled linens to laundry.

Cardiac bed
A cardiac bed is used to help the patient to assume a position which affords him the greatest amount of comfort with the least strain. Purpose 1. To relieve dyspnea

2.
3.

To provide extra warmth

To relieve edema

Articles

1.
2.

Articles for an open bed

Additional pillows

3. 4.

Back rest and cardiac tables Air cushion, knee pillow and foot rest

Procedure
1. Make the bed as in an open bed. Place the back rest and arrange the pillows in position, so that the back is well supported. 2. Keep the client in bed cover him properly. Adjust the air cushion in place. Place the knee pillow under the knees to prevent slipping of the client. 3. Arrange the pillows on either side so that the arms are well supported. Adjust the cardiac table with

pillow in front of the client so that the client can

lean forward and rest on it. Make the client comfortable and leave the unit tidy.

Fracture bed
It is one which is used for a client with fracture of the trunk or extremities to provide firm support by the use of firm mattress that rest on a fracture board or bed.

Purpose
1. To provide a strong underlying foundation for the patient.

2.
3.

To make the patient as comfortable as possible.

To prevent movements of the fractured bone especially in spinal fracture and fracture of the skull.

Articles
1. 2. Same articles like open bed Fracture boards

Procedure
Make the bed as an ordinary bed

Amputation bed
A bed which is used to the patient after amputation of the lower limb to keep the stump visible and elevated.

Purpose
1. 2. To keep the stump in good position. To be able to watch the stump for hemorrhage and

apply tourniquet is necessary.

3. A divide bed may be used to avoid disturbing the client when constant observation or treatment necessary for legs.

Articles : Articles necessary for an open bed.

1. 2. 3. 4. Extra set of linen. Pillow with water proof cover Hot water bags Sand bags, towel, draw sheet and bed cradle.

Procedure
Foundation and head end is made as in an open bed
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. To arrange the lower half of top bed, place a sheet lengthwise over the bed Place the blanket over the sheet & fold the sheet over

the blanket so that it reaches to the level of the stump

Place the second sheet lengthwise on the bed & place another blanket over the upper half of he bed Bring the lower the part of the sheet over the blanket &

complete as in operation bed

Lower half should overlap the upper one when it covers the stump. Arrange hot water bags under the top sheet as needed.

When patient is brought back from operation room, fanfold the top linen towards the side of the bed, remove hot water bags & place the patient in bed. Elevate the stump on the pillow which is covered with the towel. Cover the stump with other towel & place bed cradle to prevent weight of bed clothes.

Blanket bed
It is made for client with Rheumatism or whenever extra

warmth is necessary as in disease of the heart & renal when

increased action of skin will relieve the work of kidneys.

Purpose
1. To carry the weight of the bed cloths of the painful joints.

2.
3.

To keep the client warm.

To promote elimination through the skin.

Articles:
Same like closed bed. Bed cradle, sand bag & back restetc
articles needed.

Procedure
Make the bed is as closed bed. Place the patient in bed & cover him with blanket[place sand bag in case of rheumatism]. This blanket should not be tucked in & cover him properly. Place top linen and blanket as usual. If cradle used, place in between blankets.

Thank You! and Have a Good Day!