Motherboard

Presented By:Payal Singh Cse 5th sem

What is motherboard?? Components Of Motherboard Some parts of motherboard types of motherboard(according to size) Advice for buying a motherboard Manufacturer Of Motherboard References

The motherboard is the biggest board inside your system unit. The motherboard is one big communication highway. The motherboard represents the logical foundation of the computer. The motherboard goes by many other names: main board , system board, mobo & logic board.

The three major components of motherboard are: 1. Basic Input / Output System (BIOS) chip, 2. Central Processing Unit (CPU), 3. Chipset.

 The Basic Input Output System (BIOS) is the low-level program Code. This low-level program code is stored in the BIOS chip on the motherboard. The BIOS chip is a ROM (read only memory) chip. It identifies hardware , configures them, and checks to make sure they are always working. The BIOS chip also contains code that controls the boot process for your system. It contains code that will perform a power on self test (POST).

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the chip on the motherboard that acts as the "computer's brain" .Most people know them simply as "processors". CPU does all the processing for all the programs in the system. The CPU is made up of two important components: the arithmetic logic unit (ALC) & the control unit (CU). The CPU executes a series of instructions by looping through an instruction cycle. The speed of the instruction cycle is controlled by the CPU's clock. CPU examples: The Pentium, The PowerPC chip

Pentium Chip

PowerPC Chip

Chip Fan

The Chipset is the third main component of a motherboard. Chipset is an integrated circuit on the motherboard.

Chipset controls how the motherboard buses are used.

Chipset have a north-bridge and a south-bridge. Nowadays, motherboard have two large chipsets. In the past, motherboards instead had a larger number of smaller chipsets.

Chipset

1) Mouse & Keyboard Connector 2) USB(Universal Serial Bus)Port 3) Parallel port 4) CPU Chip(Central Processing Unit Chip) 5) RAM slots 6) Floppy connector 7) IDE connector 8) PCI slot(Peripheral component interconnect slot) 9) ISA slot(Industry Standard Architecture Slot) 10)CMOS Battery 11)AGP slot(Advanced Graphics Port slot ) 12)CPU slot 13)Power supply plug in

1) Pico-ITX

2) Mini-ITX
3) Micro-ATX

4) ATX
5) Extended-ATX

Pico-ITX was announced by VIA in 2007. It has become a popular format for specialty applications which requires an extremely small, low-power computer. The size of a Pico-ITX motherboard is about 100mm x 72mm (or about 4 inches by 3 inches). Pico-ITX motherboards usually include only a few basic connections such as USB, 3.5mm speaker/microphone, and a video output. Pico-ITX systems are usually used in specialty applications like point-of-service terminals for businesses.

Pico-atx

An increasingly popular format, Mini-ITX was originally created by VIA for its low power C3 processor. It has since been adopted by motherboard manufacturers for use with both AMD and Intel chipsets. Mini-ITX boards are 17cm x 17 cm (6.7in x 6.7in) in size. Mini-ITX motherboards are best suited for small home computers and HTPCs. Mini-ITX boards do line up with four of the mounting locations used by most ATX boards, so a Mini-ITX board should fit in any Micro-ATX or ATX case.

Mini-itx

Micro-ATX is a standard created by Intel which has been in use for over a decade. Micro-ATX motherboards can vary somewhat in size because the standard is dictated by a maximum of 244mm x 244mm (9.6in x 9.6in). Micro-ATX boards are suited for almost any role, but the limited number of expansion slots does limit their versatility. For example, it is often difficult to install a large video card and a sound card on a Micro-ATX board.

Micro-atx

The most popular motherboard format of the last decade and a half, the ATX standard's history goes all the way back to 1995. ATX motherboards have a size of 305mm x 244mm (12in x 9.6in). . ATX motherboards are suited for any build except for those which require a small size. The ATX format is so popular there is a limitless combination of features available for these motherboards.

atx

An increasingly rare format, the Extended-ATX is simply a larger version of ATX.

Its size is 305mm x 330mm (12in x 13in). Because of their size, Extended-ATX boards will only fit into cases made specifically for them. The extra length gives Extended-ATX motherboards room for more expansion cards, but this is the only notable difference between ATX and Extended-ATX boards.
Extended-ATX motherboards are typically used only in workstations and some servers.

extended atx

1.)Deal with reputable manufacturer.

2.)Ensure that it has same form factor as current case.

3.)Check the power supply requirements and AMD processors. 4.)Verify the form factor of your computer case matches the form factor of any motherboard you plan to buy. 5.)Avoid tweaking voltages and timings.

1.) ABIT Ltd. 2.) Gigabyte Technology 3.) Intel 4.) ASUSTek 5.) Chaintech 6.) DFI 7.) Intel

The motherboard is the heart and soul of the computer.