You are on page 1of 34

METHODS OF PARAGRAPH DEVELOPMENT

NARRATION
It

comes from the Latin word narrare which means to account or tell.

TYPES OF NARRATIVES

Simple Narrative -may not present in detail the different parts of the plot Complex Narrative -has a more complicated structure -it may be fiction (imaginary) or nonfiction (factual)

FOUR BASIC ELEMENTS


Setting -time and place of the story Characters -persons who take part in the story --protagonist and antagonist Plot -series of events in the story Point of view -perspective of the writer in telling the story

First-person point of view -the writer tells his own story Second-person point of view -the character tells in first person a story or event he has seen Third-person point of view -the writer tells very objectively the events as they happened to another individual

ASSIGNMENT:
Write an anecdote (short, interesting, and amusing which is generally of human interest). A simple day-to-day occurrence in your life that can entertain and give lesson/s as well. Short bond paper, handwritten, one paragraph only

CHARACTER SKETCH

It seeks to explain or portray the characteristics of an individual or a group to reveal the distinctive quality or qualities of the individual or the group The point of emphasis is the character trait/s exemplified by incidents, not a funny or interesting event.

TYPES

Individual character sketch is specific and concrete. Type or profile character sketch is general because it presents a trait/s typical to a group.

The writer may include details that disclose the subjects value system. The writer may show the subjects likes and dislikes, hobbies, choice of clothes among others. The information that the writer gives should be true so that readers can make inferences or draw conclusions.

PROCESS

It is concerned with how topics.

TYPES
Direction-giving -giving and receiving of instructions on a certain task or operation Information-giving -explanation of a process too complicated for an ordinary reader to perform and bring to completion

According to Webster, process is a systematic series of actions directed to an end.

It requires: (1) logical presentation of ideas, (2) enough information to make the paragraph clear and understandable, (3) specific, complete, and properly sequenced instructions, and (4) an end product.

GROUP ACTIVITY: COOKING SHOW


-Each group will show how to prepare/create a certain dish. -Each group will provide a copy of the process in paragraph form. -Each group must have an end product to be tasted by the other groups and the teacher ^_^ -Evaluation is based on 90% presentation, 10% taste. To be presented after the Midterm

EVALUATION SHEET:
Group to be evaluated: ______________________ Food to be evaluated: Name of Presentatio Taste _______________________ Evaluators n
1. 2. 3. 4. Average:

Total

DESCRIPTION

It attempts to put into words the picture or image of an object, person, place, or scene. The writer must use fresh, specific, and concrete words.

TYPES ACCORDING TO PURPOSE


Objective description -aims to inform or identify -factual -focused on the physical aspect -appeals to intellect Subjective description -aims to give pleasure or to elicit special feelings or reactions -suggestive

ASSIGNMENT:

On a short bond paper, draw this paragraph Home! The sprawling white house with fluttering white curtains at the windows; the thick clove on the lawn with bees busy at it; little black boys on the front steps shooing the ducks and the turkeys from the flower beds; the serene red fields, and miles and miles of cotton trees turning white in the bright sun! Home! This is home for Scarlett Ohara! -Adapted, Mitchell

EXAMPLE

It is may mean one of many things taken to show or illustrate the characteristics of the rest or the whole.

CLASSIFICATION
It divides people, places, or things into groups. It is made according to criterion or criteria

ASSIGNMENT:

Classification of Drinks

Alcoholic

Nonalcoholic

Spirits

Wine

Beer

Hot

Cold

Tea

Coffee

Cocoa

Aerated

Nonaerated

Lemonade

Tonic water coca cola

Soda water

Squash or cordials diluted with water

Fruit juices normally diluted

Milk

Classification of Drinks

Alcoholic

Nonalcoholic

spirits

Wine

Beer

Hot

Cold

CONT

Hot

Cold

tea

coffee

cocoa

Aerated

Nonaerated

CONT

Aerated

lemonade

Tonic water coca cola

Soda water

CONT

Nonaerated

Squash or cordials diluted with water

Fruit juices normally undiluted

Milk

COMPARISON AND/OR CONTRAST

It is comparing a concept or idea with another of its kind to reveal their similarities, or by contrasting them to show their differences.

COMMON PATTERNS
Opposing or block pattern Alternating pattern

ANALOGY

It is a special kind of comparison because it compares items that are usually considered quite different in most aspects.

CAUSE AND EFFECT

The writer points out the relationship between certain events or situations and their consequences.

DEFINITION

It makes clear the meaning of a word or an idea in simple and understandable language. It includes the term to be defined, the class or species to which the term belongs to, and the distinguishing characteristic/s to make the term different from the other members belonging to the same class or species.

TYPES
Synonym -a word or almost similar in meaning to the word or idea being defined Example: pretty beautiful

Intensive definition -includes the term, class, and the distinguishing characteristic/s Example: Emotional intelligence (term) refers to the abilities (class) involving emotional discipline and control (characteristics differentiating EQ from other abilities).

SEVERAL WAYS TO EXPRESS INTENSIVE DEF.


Use the relative pronoun that to introduce the distinguishing characteristic. A microphone is an instrument that is used for magnifying and transmitting sounds. Use a participle to introduce the distinguishing characteristic. A thermometer is an instrument used for measuring temperature. Use an infinitive to express the distinguishing characteristics. Sulfa drugs are a group of coal-tar chemicals to cure bacterial diseases.

Extensive definition -an expansion of the intensive definition into a paragraph

You might also like