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April 4, 2008
Definition
Contents
Performance Data Real Time Performance Monitoring RAN Key Performance Index (KPI) Performance Analysis and Optimization
Level 1: performance statistics Level 2: history performance data Level 3: system monitoring data
Contents
Performance Data Real Time Performance Monitoring RAN Key Performance Index (KPI) Performance Analysis and Optimization
Description Number of RRC connection setup successes (service) / Number of RRC connection setup attempts (service) Number of AMR RAB assignment successes / Number of AMR RAB assignment attempts Number of VP RAB assignment successes / Number of VP RAB assignment attempts Number of PS RAB assignment successes / Number of PS RAB assignment attempts Number of AMR call drops / Number of AMR RAB assignment successes Number of VP call drops / Number of VP RAB assignment successes Number of PS call drops / Number of AMR PS setup successes Number of soft handover successes / Number of soft handover attempts Number of successful CS service handovers from UMTS / Number of attempted CS service handovers from UMTS
Number of successful PS service handovers from UMTS / Number of attempted PS service handovers from UMTS Occupied NodeB UL CE resources / Total NodeB UL CE resources Occupied NodeB DL CE resources / Total NodeB DL CE resources Allocated bandwidth of UL Iub / Physical bandwidth of UL Iub Allocated bandwidth of DL Iub / Physical bandwidth of DL Iub Occupied DL code resources / Total cell code resources -
Thresholds
KPI Name RRC Connection Setup Success Rate (service) AMR RAB Assignment Success Rate VP RAB Assignment Success Rate PS RAB Assignment Success Rate CS AMR Call Drop Rate VP Call Drop Rate PS Service Drop Rate Soft Handover Success Rate CS Inter-RAT Handover Success Rate (from UTRAN to GSM) PS Inter-RAT Handover Success Rate (from UTRAN to GSM) UL CE Usage Rate DL CE Usage Rate UL Iub Allocated Bandwidth Usage Rate DL Iub Allocated Bandwidth Usage Rate DL Code Usage Rate PS UL Throughput PS DL Throughput
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Threshold >98% >98% >98% >98% <2% <3% <5% >98% >95% >89%
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Contents
Performance Data Real Time Performance Monitoring RAN Key Performance Index (KPI) Performance Analysis and Optimization
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Definition
Key performance indicators (KPIs) are a set of selected indicators used for measuring the current network performance and trends. KPIs highlight the key factors of network monitoring and warn in time of potential problems. KPIs are also used to prioritise the corrective actions.
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Contents
RRC Connection Success Rate RAB Establishment Success Rate Call Setup Success Rate Call Drop Rate Soft Handover Success Rate Inter-RAT Hard Handover Success Rate Congestion Rate
Traffic Load
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RRC States
-
connection
CELL_PCH
URA_PCH
CELL_DCH
CELL_FACH
upper layer Signaling trigger (CN) - Monitor paging channel - cell re-selection
DEAD
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General Formula
RRC Setup Success Rate = (RRC Connection Setup Success / RRC Connection Request) 100%
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Actual Formula
wPrSig]+[RRC.AttConnEstab.CallReEst]+[RRC.AttConnEstab.TmHhPrSig]+[RRC.AttCo
nnEstab.TmLwPrSig]+[RRC.AttConnEstab.Unknown])}*100%
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Call Flow
Call Flow
Call Flow
VS.RRC.Rej.DL.CE.Cong
VS.RRC.Rej.Code.Cong VS.RRC.Rej.Other.Cong RRC.FailConnEstab.NoReply
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Contents
RRC Connection Success Rate RAB Establishment Success Rate Call Setup Success Rate Call Drop Rate Soft Handover Success Rate Inter-RAT Hard Handover Success Rate Congestion Rate
Traffic Load
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Supported Bearers
QoS Class Bit Rate (bps) 8000 12200 16000 23850 28800 32000 32000 56000 64000 8000 16000 32000 57600 64000 128000 144000 256000 384000
CONVERSATIONAL
STREAMING
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Supported Bearers
QoS Class Bit Rate (bps) 0 8000 16000 32000 64000 128000 144000 256000 384000 608000 768000 1024000 1450000 1536000 1800000 2048000 2890000 3648000 5760000 7200000 10100000 14400000 QoS Class Bit Rate (bps) 0 8000 16000 32000 64000 128000 144000 256000 384000 608000 768000 1024000 1450000 1536000 1800000 2048000 2890000 3648000 5760000 7200000 10100000 14400000
BACKGROUND
INTERACTIVE
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General Formula
RAB Setup Success Rate = RAB Assignment Success / RAB Assignment Request 100%
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Actual Formula
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Call Flow
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.TNL
VS.RAB.FailEstCS.Relo VS.RAB.FailEstCs.Power.Cong VS.RAB.FailEstCs.ULCE.Cong VS.RAB.FailEstCs.DLCE.Cong VS.RAB.FailEstCs.Code.Cong VS.RAB.FailEstCs.IUB.Band
VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.Other.Cell VS.RAB.FailEstabCS.Unsp.Other
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Contents
RRC Connection Success Rate RAB Establishment Success Rate Call Setup Success Rate Call Drop Rate Soft Handover Success Rate Inter-RAT Hard Handover Success Rate Congestion Rate
Traffic Load
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General Formula
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Contents
RRC Connection Success Rate RAB Establishment Success Rate Call Setup Success Rate Call Drop Rate Soft Handover Success Rate Inter-RAT Hard Handover Success Rate Congestion Rate
Traffic Load
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A call is released by the CN with either RANAP:RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST or RANAP: IU RELEASE COMMAND (defined in 3GPP specifications about UTRAN Iu interface RANAP signalling). The release can be a normal release or a drop. Call Drop Rate of Signaling Plane is calculated by counting RNC-originated Iu connection release. Can be divided into two parts: CS&PS
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General Formula
The formula of Call Drop Rate of CS: Call Drop Rate of CS Plane = RNC-originated CS Domain Iu Connection Release / RNC-originated CS Domain Iu Connection Setup Success 100%
The formula of Call Drop Rate of PS: Call Drop Rate of PS Plane = RNC-originated PS Domain Iu Connection Release / RNC-originated PS Domain Iu Connection Setup Success 100%
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Actual Formula
The formula of Call Drop Rate of CS: Call Drop Rate of CS Plane = {[VS.RAB.Loss.CS.AMR]/([VS.RAB.Loss.CS.AMR]+[VS.RA B.Loss.CS.Norm.AMR]) }*100%
RAB.Loss.PS.RF]+[VS.RAB.Loss.PS.Abnorm]+[VS.RAB.L
oss.PS.Norm]) }* 100%
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Call Flow
SRNC RANAP RANAP RANAP Iu Release Request Iu Release Command Iu Release Complete
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VS.RAB.RelReqCS.RABPreempt
VS.RAB.RelReqCS.UTRANgen VS.RAB.Loss.CS.RF.RLCRst
RAB preemption
UTRAN-generated cause RLC reset
VS.RAB.Loss.CS.RF.ULSync
VS.RAB.Loss.CS.RF.UuNoReply VS.RAB.Loss.CS.RF.Oth VS.RAB.Loss.CS.Aal2Loss VS.Call.Drop.CS.Other
UL synchronization failure
No response from Uu Other RF causes AAL2 link abnormal Other causes
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Contents
RRC Connection Success Rate RAB Establishment Success Rate Call Setup Success Rate Call Drop Rate Soft Handover Success Rate Inter-RAT Hard Handover Success Rate Congestion Rate
Traffic Load
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Soft Handover
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combining reception signals (macrodiversity) from multiple cells when the UE moves to cell boundary areas and cannot obtain a sufficient reception from a single cell
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Soft Handover
Soft
WCDMA BTS at the same time (this is why it is also called a "macro diversity handover"). When in connected mode, the UE continuously
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General Formula
Success Rate:
Soft (Softer) Handover Success Rate = Soft (Softer) Handover Success / Soft (Softer) Handover Request 100%
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Actual Formula
Success Rate:
Soft (Softer) Handover Success Rate = ([VS.SHO.AMR.SuccOut]/[VS.SHO.AMR.AttOut]) * 100%
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KPI
SHO.FailRLAddUESide.Isr SHO.FailRLAddUESide.InvCfg SHO.FailRLAddUESide.NoReply
Failure Cause
Synchronous reconfiguration not supported Configuration illegal No response from UE
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Contents
RRC Connection Success Rate RAB Establishment Success Rate Call Setup Success Rate Call Drop Rate Soft Handover Success Rate Inter-RAT Hard Handover Success Rate Congestion Rate
Traffic Load
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Compressed Mode
Compressed mode is a radio path feature that enables the user equipment (UE) to maintain the current connection on a certain frequency while performing measurements on another frequency. This allows the UE to monitor neighbouring cells on another frequency (FDD) or radio access technology (RAT), typically GSM. Compressed mode means that transmission and reception are halted for a short time - a few milliseconds - in order to perform a measurement on another frequency or RAT. The required reception/transmission gap is produced without any loss of DCH user data by compressing the data transmission in the time domain.
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Compressed Mode
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Call Flow
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General Formula
Success Rate:
InterRAT Handover to GSM Success Rate = inter-RAT handover from UTRAN to GSM success / inter-RAT handover from UTRAN to
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Actual Formula
Success Rate:
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Call Flow
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KPI
Failure Cause
IRATHO.FailOutCS.PhyChFail
VS.IRATHO.FailOutCS.Other
Other causes
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Contents
RRC Connection Success Rate RAB Establishment Success Rate Call Setup Success Rate Call Drop Rate Soft Handover Success Rate Inter-RAT Hard Handover Success Rate Congestion Rate
Traffic Load
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UE
NodeB
RNC
RRC RRC
RRC RRC
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SRNC
CN
RANAP
RANAP
RANAP
RANAP
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Contents
RRC Connection Success Rate RAB Establishment Success Rate Call Setup Success Rate Call Drop Rate Soft Handover Success Rate Inter-RAT Hard Handover Success Rate Congestion Rate
Traffic Load
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CS Traffic
CS Conversational Traffic (i.e. voice and video) CS Streaming Traffic (e.g. streaming video or audio)
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PS Traffic
The traffic of different services are derived by converting to equivalent 12.2K CS AMR call.
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PS Throughput
PS Throughput for four types of QoS (in Bytes)
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Things to Consider
Code Utilization
Cell Throughput
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Contents
Performance Data Real Time Performance Monitoring RAN Key Performance Index (KPI) Performance Analysis and Optimization
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Alarm Analysis
Power system alarm - A power system alarm is raised by the power supply. Environment system alarm - An environment system alarm is an alarm about the environment of the equipment room, such as temperature, humidity, or gate. Signaling system alarm - A signaling system alarm is an alarm about the signaling system, such as No. 7 signaling or No. 1 signaling. Trunk system alarm - A trunk system alarm is an alarm about the trunk system, such as E1, STM-1 optical or electrical relay. Hardware system alarm - A hardware system alarm is an alarm about a board device, such as clock or CPU. Software alarm - A software system alarm is an alarm about software. Running system alarm - An running system alarm is an alarm about the M2000 running. Communication system alarm - A communication system alarm is an alarm about the communication system. QoS alarm - A QoS alarm is an alarm about QoS. Processing error alarm - Processing error alarms are alarms about other exceptions that are not described here.
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network KPIs. The KPIs include, but are not limited to traffic, call completion rate, handover success rate, and call drop rate. For those which contain specific services, such as HSDPA and CMB, or specific algorithms, we also need to observe the integral indexes of corresponding KPIs.
Analyze The
judgment of whether the KPI is abnormal must be based on the comparison with early
history. We may observe the extent of relative change instead of the absolute value of the
KPI.
When
there is no apparent change in the KPI, there are two processing modes: End the
current performance analysis and analyze TOPN cell. When there are a large number of network cells, the performance deterioration of very few base stations may not apparently affect the overall network KPI. These abnormal cells can be found out by contrasting TOPN analysis.
When
the relative value of the KPI is not apparently changed but its absolute value always
cannot reach standards and no analysis conclusion has been drawn, we need to analyze specific causes according to traffic statistics data and conduct quality early warning.
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deteriorated, basic causes are related to the RNC board reset and restricted IU interface transmission. Transmission bandwidth restricted can be checked by observing transmission-related PIs from traffic statistics.
Another
parameter change. If the whole-network KPI becomes apparently abnormal, we need to make sure whether any RNC-level parameter
change has been made recently and carefully check the impact of this
parameter on the network.
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there are too few TOPN cells, some cells with abnormal performance may be ignored.
The
the TOPN with normal KPIs. According to this report, we may pick out important
cells from TOPN cells and make an in-depth analysis.
A
comparison of the indexes of TOPN cells with those of history TOPN cells
helps judge whether cell performance indexes are normal. It is recommended to use the above-mentioned trend analysis figure for comparison. Make sure whether TOPN cell Id changes and what the amplitude of change in TOPN cell KPI is. This is simple but visual.
TOPN
cell problems must be analyzed together with cell traffic. For example, a
pure observation of the call drop rate of a cell is meaningless. If a cell has one call drop, but there is only one call attempt, the call drop rate is 100%.
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TOPN cells of last step. Likewise, subsequent load problem analysis and interference problem analysis are oriented to TOPN cells.
The
antenna feeder equipment and the uplink/downlink processing board of a base station. Generally, related equipment alarms can be observed either on the NodeB side or on the RNC side.
The
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indexes directly related to cell load include average uplink/downlink CE of a cell (VS.LC.ULCreditUsed.CELL/2,
occupied
for cell load problems include: change of traffic model; the main
coverage service of this cell is designed to be VP64, but actually there are a
large number of 384k services. During holidays, relatively concentrated population leads to the increase in traffic.
High
load problem analysis, when much power congestion occurs, actual load is
not necessarily very high. In this case, we need to analyze admission strategy and judge whether admission parameters are properly set.
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Causes
by observing the RTWP indexes in traffic statistics, that is, the average
RTWP of a cell and the maximum RTWP of a cell. If the average RTWP of a cell is as high as -95 dBm or higher, it is possible that there is uplink interference. Observe the maximum RTWP. If RTWP peak, such as -70 dBm, is often seen, the cause may be the power of access process or handover process.
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Coverage
statistics, a large number of PIs, such as RF.RLCRst, RF.ULSync and UuNoReply, are related to poor coverage.
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