Second Seminar on

Analysis and Design of Piled Raft Foundation

Submitted by

Contents

1. Overview 2. Literature Review 3. Numerical Studies

4. Work to be done

1. Overview

1. Literature Review

Noh et al (2008) carried out analysis of un-piled and piled raft

foundations. They observed

The raft thickness affects diff. settlement and bending moments,

but has little effect on load sharing or maximum settlement.

 Piles spacing plays an important role on the performance of

piled raft foundation

Differential settlement, the maximum bending moment and the load sharing are not affected much by increasing the pile lengths.

Finite element modeling for piled raft foundation in sand. Proc., 11th East AsiaPacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction (11EASEC-2008), Taipei,Taiwan,19-21.

Gowri (2011) analyzed raft foundation using FEM.

load carrying capacity increased with the increase in thickness up to 1.25m only

Also the load carrying capacity increased up to 3m x 3m size raft and later load carrying capacity decreased with increase in raft size.

Analysis of Mat foundation using finite element method, J. Earth Science and Eng., 04, 113-115.

Shukla et al (2011) Parametric study of piled raft foundations Increase in raft thickness increases settlement

Increase in pile diameter reduces the settlement

Behavioral study of pled raft foundation in layered soil deposits. J. Advanced Eng. Tech., 2(4), 191-195.

3. Numerical Studies

The foundation is designed for a storage 5 story building. The bearing stress assumed around 100 kN/m2 . The raft is modeled in SAFE software. All analysis and design are based on the ACI code. Conventional Rigid Method is used for design.

Design Parameters
Parameter Yield strength of steel Strength of concrete Young modules of elasticity E Notation Fy fc E Value 400 MPa 30 MPa 2000000 kN/m2

Dear load factor D.L.F

Live load factor L.L .F Soil Unit weight soil Allowable Bearing stress qa Concrete Unit weight concrete

D.L.F
L.L .F soil qa concrete

1.2
1.6 15 kN/m3 100 kN/m2 25 kN/m3

Raft Modeling in SAFE

Columns loads on Raft

Load type

Load case Load value (kN/m2)

Services
Slab own weight assumed Flooring Live loads

Dead
Dead Dead Live

2.5 kN/m2
(25kN/m3)(0.2m) =5 kN/m2 1 kN/m2 7 kN/m2

Punching Shear Factors

All Punching shear factors are less than 1

Soil Pressure Check

< 100 kN/m2

q1 = 95 /2 < = 100 /2
q2 = 75 /2 < = 100 /2

q3 = 71 /2 < = 100 /2
q4 = 92 /2 < = 100 /2

In SAFE analysis stresses are less than 100kN/m2 at

all the points in raft .

SAFE Settlement Analysis

Maximum settlement for 800mm Raft width manual = 30 mm. SAFE = 12 mm

Raft thickness effect

Thickness(mm) Settlement (mm) 200 30 300 19 400 16 500 14 600 13 800 12 1000 11 1200 10.8 1400 10.6

Thickness v/s Settlement

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 500 1000 1500 Settlement

Raft Thickness V/s Settlement

Conclusion
Increase in raft thickness beyond a particular limit has little or no effect on settlement of foundation. In such a case, alternative method such as introducing piles in raft could prove effective.

. Work to be done
To study the effect of introduction of piles in a raft foundation settlement Parametric studies of piled raft foundations.

References
Gowri, S. (2011) Analysis of Mat foundation using finite method, J. Earth Science and Eng., 04, 113-115. element

IS 2950. (Part I) (1981). Code of practice for design and construction of raft foundations (second revision), BIS, New Delhi, India. Noh, E. Y., Huang, M., Surarak, C., Adamec, R. and Balasurbamaniam, A. S. (2008). Finite element modeling for piled raft foundation in sand. Proc., 11th East Asia-Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction (11EASEC-2008), Taipei,Taiwan,19-21. Shukla, S. J., Desai, A. K. and Solanki, C. H. (2011). Behavioral study of pled raft foundation in layered soil deposits. J. Advanced Eng. Tech., 2(4), 191-195.

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