AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION

PRESENTED BY SHIV RAJ KHOJA MECHANICAL IV YEAR

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION HISTORY TYPES

OF AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION TRANSMISSION COMPONENT CONCLUSION

WHAT IS TRANSMISSION?
THE

TRANSMISSION IS A DEVICE THAT IS CONNECTED TO THE BACK OF THE ENGINE AND SENDS THE POWER FROM THE ENGINE TO DRIVE WHEELS
OF TRANSMISSION IS TO PROVIDE HIGH TORQUE AT THE TIME OF STARTING THE ENGINE,HILL CLIMBING,ACCELERATING.

PURPOSE

INTRODUCTION
Two

types- manual and automatic transmissions Manual transmission- needs frequent shift between gears Automatic transmission - no clutch pedal - automatic shifting between gears - most suitable for beginners

HISTORY
First

transmission in 1832 by W.H.James First automatic transmission introduced in 1939 1940 Oldsmobile features a hydra-matic automatic transmission First hydraulic automatics were introduced by GM, Chrysler and Borg-Warner in early 1950s Greater developments in 1990s

1940 OLDSMOBILE with Hydra-Matic Transmission

TYPES OF AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION

REAR

WHEEL DRIVE WHEEL DRIVE

FRONT

REAR WHEEL DRIVE

The

transmission is usually mounted to the back of the engine. Power flow on this system is simple and straight forward going from the engine, through the torque converter, then through the transmission and drive shaft until it reaches the final drive where it is split and sent to the two rear wheels. of rear wheel Alpha Romeo Alfeta in early 70s

Example

REAR WHEEL DRIVE

FRONT WHEEL DRIVE

On a front wheel drive car, the transmission is usually combined with the final drive to form what is called a transaxle. Transaxle is a device set up in the transmission gear box, clutch, final drive, combined into a single unit.

Front-wheel-drive layouts are those in which the front wheels of the vehicle are driven. The most popular layout used in cars today is the front-engine, front-wheel drive, with the engine in front of the front axle, driving the front wheels.
This layout is typically chosen for its compact packaging. Front axles are connected directly to the transaxle and provide power to the front wheels.

FRONT WHEEL DRIVE

TRANSMISSION COMPONENT
Planetary

Gear Sets Hydraulic System Oil Pump Valve Body Clutches Band Seals and Gaskets Torque Converter Governor Computer Controls

PLANETARY GEAR

A gear set in which all of the gears are in one plane, grouped around each other like the planets around the sun. The central gear is called the "sun gear". In mesh with it is a circular grouping of gears, called "planet gears", mounted on a rotating carrier. The planet gears also engage teeth on the inner periphery of the "ring gear". By holding any one of the three gear elements motionless, different ratios can be produced between the other two. Planetary gear sets are common in automatic transmissions.

PLANETARY GEAR

SIDE VIEW

CLUTCH PACKS
A clutch

is a mechanical device which provides for the transmission of power (and therefore usually motion) from one component (the driving member) to another (the driven member). simplest application clutches are employed in devices which have two rotating shafts

the

CLUTCH PACKS

One of the clutches in a transmission

BANDS
A band is a steel strap with friction material bonded to the inside surface. One end of the band is anchored against the transmission case while the other end is connected to a servo. A flexible metal ring fits around the outside of the clutch housing. It tightens to engage the gears, and loosens to release them.

TORQUE CONVERTER

PRINCIPLE

TORQUE CONVERTER
A torque

converter is a fluid coupling that is used to transfer rotating power from a prime mover, such as an internal combustion engine or electric motor, to a rotating driven load.

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

The Hydraulic system is a complex maze of passages and tubes that sends transmission fluid under pressure to all parts of the transmission and torque converter It works with some components.

Oil Pump Valve Body

OIL PUMP
Gear

type oil pump

Responsible

for producing oil pressure circulating the oil

Keeps

VALVE BODY
Collection

of channels and passages Made of two or more number of pieces

SEALS AND GASKETS

Used

between two mating parts

Two

main external seals: front seal and rear seal

Seals:

between parts having relative motion between them between two stationary parts

Gasket:

GOVERNOR
Fitted

to the transmission output shaft

Speed

sensing

valve

COMPUTER CONTROLS
The

computer uses sensors on the engine and transmission to detect such things as throttle position, vehicle speed, engine speed, engine load, brake pedal position, etc. to control exact shift points as well as how soft or firm the shift should be. Once the computer receives this information, it then sends signals to a solenoid pack inside the transmission

CONCLUSION

The automatic transmission technology has advanced a lot and it is slowly making its presence felt even in developing countries. The automatic transmission is going to stay in the scene for a long time and in future it may phase out the manual transmission for ever.

THANK YOU