Professional Documents
Culture Documents
teaching
Adult Learning
Task Oriented
Individual Learning
Teaching Methods
Group Learning
Why study teaching Methods ? Who select teaching Methods ? What are Teaching Methods ? How T Methods Selected ?
Methods used to achieve performance objectives of the contents of a Curriculum . It is important to know which method may help students to acquire desired skills, knowledge and attitudes
Teachers
Class Room
Untrained teacher
Trained Teacher
Learning Principles
Learning Objectives Students Teachers Constraints
Learning Principles
Learning is different for individuals Motivation is Essential to learning Learning should be relevant to students' understanding Feedback
Learning---Retention of information
Words
10%
50%
90%
-study by UNESCO
Learning---Retention of information
Tell me and I
forget
Remember.
Understand
- UNESCO
Specify Objectives
Selection of appropriate teaching methods depends on clearly defined objectives .
With objectives identified, it is possible to define the methods or combination of methods , appropriate for each objective
Describing Students
If teaching methods are to be used effectively,there must be a match between the characteristics of students and the content of Learning material and its presentation
General
Specific
General
Age Gender Education Level Aptitude to learn Cultural Factors No. of Students
Specific
Describing Students
Skill Level
Attitude towards Learning Individual Initiative
Identify Constraints
Lecture Method
It is a teacher centered Activity where students listen to and watch the teacher present a lesson
One way Notes taken by students Serves Large Number Less Costly Little interaction Little Retention Dont Promote individual learning No Problem Solving Skills No Opportunity to Manipulate, tools, machines or materials
Best Summary Cross Word Puzzle Questions Cards Rapid Reflection Short Quiz Shouting Match -ve, +Ve & Neutral Panel Discussion True or False Fill in the Blanks Turn to your Neighbor Four Questions-flip Chart
Discussion Method
Takes more time Effective with small groups Improves Communication Skills
The teacher direct students discussions of topics. Students Discuss & sometimes initiate their Questions to the teacher
Demonstration Method
Requires Skilled Teachers Requires equipments. May be a Workshop, Lab It is another teacher centered Method where students get a chance to watch certain manual skills. Teacher shows students how to use a tool, machine or process No Interaction of students with tools.
Practical Exercises
Promote interest & Enthusiasm Opportunity to work with tools, machines Repetition may kill enthusiasm May require tools, machines, materials.
It gives students a chance to practice certain observable skills. Students are guided by the teacher.
Ice-Breakers
Promote interest & Enthusiasm Kill Monotony Participation Refreshing
An opening remark, action designed To ease tension or relieve formality..
Learning
Business Games
Problem Solving Participative Team Building Decision Making Time Constraints Technique in which participants, grouped into teams, consider a sequence of problems and organize themselves to make decisions
Projects
Promote Communication Projects are student centered. Students collect data, design the Project and actually produce a Finished product may be under the guidance of teacher
May be Costly May require equipments Cant be applied to Large No
Case Studies
Examine Real Situation Builds skills in Communication Problem solving Creativity Method is Costly Time Consuming Sometimes no solutions
It involve students in solution of a problem. Usually working in small groups, students study a Problem described in a case.
Used to develop job skills and Supplement class room training Teacher centered & students get Opportunity to feel real job Environment for learning
Check list to observe Trainers observe learning Visitations to work sites offer students a good chance to see the application of skills and knowledge in real situations
Costly
Time Consuming Observing Large Group
Time Consuming
Updating Processors Students direct their own learning with the computer assisted method Skilled Trainers