ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

&
LATEST TRENDS IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE
BY
M.R. Rahul Raj
 CONTENTS
• Definition
• Aims
• Scope
• History
• Branches Of AI
• Applications
• Problems
• Latest Trends
Biometrics
Robotics
Neural Networks
• References
 Definition
It is defined as intelligence exhibited
by an artificial entity.It forms a vital
branch of computer science,dealing
with intelligent behavior in machines.
Examples:Chess playing,Speech
Recognition.
 Aims
• To foster the development and
understanding of AI.
• To promote interdisciplinary exchanges
between AI and other fields of information
processing.
• To contribute to the overall aims and
objectives for further development.
 Scope
It provides a wide range of
techniques,which can be applied to
wide range of application areas.
-Automated Reasoning
- Belief Revision
-Computer Vision
-Data Mining
 History

• 1956-1979:Various artificial intelligence research

facilities were setup at MIT and Princeton.
• 1980’s:In 1980 momentum started to swing
upward for AI supporters with the re-invention of
expert systems.
• 1993-Present Day:From 1993 until the turn of the
century AI has reached some incredible landmarks
with the creation of intelligent agents.These agents
use the surrounding environment to solve the
problems effectively and efficiently.
 Branches of AI

• Pattern Recognition
• Inference
• Planning
• Ontology
• Heuristics
• Genetic Programming
• Logical AI
 Applications

• Game Playing
• Speech Recognition
• Computer Vision
• Expert Systems
• Virtual Reality
• Image Processing
• Artificial Creativity
 Problems of AI
• Mundane Tasks
planning
vision
robotics
natural language processing
• Expert tasks
required specialized skills and training , for
example Medical Diagnosis,Trouble Shooting
Equipments.
• Formal Tasks
Games
Mathematics
 Latest Trends
• Biometrics

• Robotics

• Neural Networks
 BIOMETRICS
It is the science and technology of
measuring and analyzing the data.In
Information technology it refers to the
science that measure and analyze the
human body characteristics.
Biometric systems consists of-
•Scanner
•Software
•Database
 Classification of Biometrics

• Physiological Biometrics-measures the

distinct traits that people have ,usually
dictated by their genetics.
• Behavioral Biometrics-measure the distinct
actions that human take,which are very hard
to copy from one person to another.They
measure characteristics of human body
indirectly.
 Applications
• Cellular telephone security
• Process control security
• Verification of signatures
• ATM transaction verification
• Building access control
 ROBOTICS
It is the science and technology of
robots,their design,manufacture and
applications.Robotics require a working
knowledge of electronics and mechanics.
 Applications
• Spot and electric arc welding
• Pick and place operations
• Assembly
• Spray finishing operations
 NEURAL NETWORKS

It is a massively parallel distributed

processor,made up of simple
processing units which has natural
tendency for strong knowledge and
making it available for use.
 Benefits
• Non linearity
• Input output mapping
• Adaptivity
• Contextual information
• Evidential response
• Fault tolerance
• VLSI
 References
• Artificial Intelligence,2nd Edition, ELAINE
RICH and KEVIN KNIGHT(TMH)
• Comprehensive Overview of the Applications of
Artificial Life KYUNG –JOONG KIM and
SUNG -BAE CHO
• http://artificialintelligence.ai-depot.com/Philosophy/272.
• Artificial Intelligence by George F Luger,4th
Edition(Pearson Education).