SDH Overview

www.huawei.com

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Foreword

This course provides an overview of the telecommunication & optical transport network.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page1

Objectives

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

Describe the structure of the telecommunication network Compare the difference between PDH and SDH List the service types that are transported in SDH network Illustrate the typical SDH network topologies

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page2

Contents
1. Telecommunication Overview 2. SDH Basic Concepts 3. SDH Network Topology

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page3

Contents
1. Telecommunication Overview 2. SDH Basic Concepts 3. SDH Network Topology

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page4

Telecommunication Network
PSTN/N-ISDN

Access Network Intelligent Network

Application Network

Internet/intranet CATV

NO.7
Synchronization Network Telecommunication Management Network

NM Network

Optical Transport networkSDH/DWDM

Transmission Network

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page5

Multiplexing Method

FDM (Frequency-division multiplexing): A number of signals are carried simultaneously on the same medium by allocating to each signal a different frequency band.

TDM (Time-division multiplexing): The data from various sources are carried in repetitive frames. Each frame consists of a set of time slots, and each source is assigned one or more time slots per frame.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page6

Multiplexing Method (Cont.)

FDM
Frequency Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 Channel 4 Channel 5 Time
Guard Band
FDM is most used in radio and satellite transmission.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page7

Multiplexing Method (Cont.)

TDM
Frequency
Guard Times
TDM is most used in digital signals transmission.

Channel 2

Channel 3

Channel 4

Channel 5

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Channel 1

Time

Page8

Multiplexing Method (Cont.)

TDM

Byte interleaved: The time slot accommodates one complete byte of the input signal.

Bit interleaved: The multiplexed signals contain just one bit of the input signal per time slot.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page9

Multiplexing Method (Cont.)

TDM
Channel 1 Channel 2
A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2 D1 D2 E1 E2 F1 F2 G1 G2 H1 H2

Original signal
1 bit

Channel 8

A8

B8

C8

D8

E8

F8

G8

H8

1 Byte (8 bits)

A1 B1 C1 D1 E1 F1 G1 H1 A2 B2 C2 D2 E2 F2 G2 H2

A8 B8 C8 D8 E8 F8 G8 H8

Byte interleaved

Time slot

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8

H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 H7 H8

Bit interleaved

Time slot

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page10

Transmission Network Development

PCM (Pulse Code Modulation)

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page11

Transmission Network Development (Cont.)

PCM (Pulse Code Modulation)

Analogy signal
Voice
Sampling Quantizing Coding

Digital signal
Pulse

32 Timeslots
0 Timeslot 1 to 15 Channel 1 to 15 Frame Synchronisation Signalling 16 Timeslot 17 to 31 Channel 16 to 30

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page12

Transmission Network Development (Cont.)

PDH (Ple-siochronous Digital Hierarchy) -- Interface

X 32

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page13

Transmission Network Development (Cont.)

PDH (Ple-siochronous Digital Hierarchy) -- Multiplexing method

Ple-siochronous bit interleaved

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page14

Transmission Network Development (Cont.)

PDH (Ple-siochronous Digital Hierarchy) -- disadvantage

Ple-siochronous mode Optical interfaces are vendor specific Access to a tributary rate requires step-by-step demultiplexing High data rates (above 140Mbit/s) are not standardized Used for low rate transmission

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page15

Transmission Network Development (Cont.)

Text

SDH

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page16

SDH Network Architecture

4010G OptiX BWS 1600G 160 10G OptiX BWS 1600G

Long-haul

10G/2.5G

10G

10G/2.5G OSN 3500 /7500/9500

Core Layer

OSN 3500/7500/9500 OSN 7500/9500

Metro Edge
OSN 1500/2500 OSN 2500/3500 OSN 2500/3500

OSN 1500/Metro

OSN 2500/Metro

OSN 1500/Metro

Metro Access

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page17

Questions

Whats the role of optical transport network?

Why does SDH emerge?

Whats the difference between TDM and WDM?

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page18

Contents
1. Telecommunication Overview 2. SDH Basic Concepts 3. SDH Network Topology

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page19

SDH Frame Structure

Rectangular block structure 9 rows, 270

Frame = 125 us

columns (STM-1)

Frame frequency is 8000 frames/second

Transmission mode:
Byte by byte, row by row, from left to right,

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
270 columns

9 rows

from top to bottom

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page20

SDH Frame Structure (Cont.)

SOH

Frame = 125 us

RSOH MSOH
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

AU-PTR

RSOH AU-PTR

Information Payload

Information
Payload

MSOH

9 270 Columns
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page21

SDH Multiplexing Method

Synchronization byte interleaved

STM-1
270
270

STM-4
270 9 2704

row

270

14

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page22

SDH Levels
SDH Frame STM-1 Binary Rate (M bit/s) 155.52

SDH: Synchronous Digital Hierarchy STM: Synchronous

STM-4
STM-16 STM-64

622.08
2488.32 9953.28

Transport Module STM-1: Basic mode of SDH Frame

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page23

PDH Levels
Signal Digital Bit Rate Channels

E0
E1 E2

64Kbit/s
2.048Mbit/s 8.448Mbit/s

One 64Kbit/s
32 E0 128 E0

E3
E4

34.368Mbit/s
139.264Mbit/s

16 E1
64 E1

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page24

SDH Capacity
SDH Frame STM-1 STM-4 STM-16 STM-64 Abbreviated Rate 155Mbit/s 622Mbit/s 2.5Gbit/s 10Gbit/s SDH Capacity 63 E1, 3 E3 or 1 E4 252 E1, 12 E3 or 4 E4 1008 E1, 48 E3 or 16 E4 4032 E1, 192 E3 or 64 E4

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page25

Compatibility

PDH Signal (2M/34M/140M)

FE/GE

Information

ATM/IMA

Payload

FICON/ESCON/SAN

DDN

FDDI

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page26

SDH Features

Synchronous mode The SDH frames for optical transmission are standardized Access to the tributary data rates is efficient Plentiful Operation and Maintenance bytes

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page27

Questions

How many rows and columns of STM-4 signal?

How many E1s can be transported in a STM-16?

Which types of services can be carried in SDH network?

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page28

Contents
1. Telecommunication Overview 2. SDH Basic Concepts 3. SDH Network Topology

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page29

Classification of Topologies

Chain Star Tree Ring

Mesh

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page30

Classification of Topologies (Cont.)

Chain network
In a chain network, all nodes are connected one after another on a line with both ends open.

NE A

NE B

NE C

NE D

Chain network is used along railway lines, highways, power supply lines, etc.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page31

Classification of Topologies (Cont.)

Star network
In a star network there is a central node to which the other nodes are directly connected. There are no direct links between other nodes.
NE B NE E

NE C

NE A

NE D

Star network is mainly used in access networks or rural telephone networks in which nodes are scattered here and there and the traffics are not important.
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page32

Classification of Topologies (Cont.)

Tree network
A tree network can be considered as a combination of the chain and star topologies.
NE A

NE B
NE C NE D

NE E

Tree network is mostly used for broadcasted services like CATV.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page33

Classification of Topologies (Cont.)

Ring network
Ring network is such a structure in which all nodes are connected one after another to form a circle.A NE
NE B
NE E

NE C

NE D

Ring network is widely used in SDH networking due to its high survivability.
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page34

Classification of Topologies (Cont.)

Mesh network
Mesh network is such a structure in which many nodes are interconnected together via direct links.
NE A NE B NE E

NE C

NE D

Mesh network is suitable for ASON.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page35

Classification of Topologies (Cont.)

Other possible combination networks

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page36

Questions

How many topology types in Optical transport network?

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page37

Summary

Telecommunication network structure PDH/SDH/WDM comparison SDH Frame structure SDH capacity and service types

SDH network topologies

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page38

Thank you
www.huawei.com