Recruitment and Selection

Module 1

Four hierarchical concepts of Job

Job

Position

Duty

Task

Job design
Job design is the process of deciding on the contents of job in terms of its duties and responsibilities on the methods to be used in carrying out the job in terms of techniques, systems and procedures & on the relationship that exists between the job holder and his superiors, subordinates & colleagues.

Objectives

Organizational requirements

Individual satisfaction

Quality of work

Technical efficiency

High productivity

Factors affecting job design

Organizational factors Environmental factors

Behavioral factors

While specifying a job a manager has to consider

Technical feasibility Economical feasibility Behavioral feasibility

Methods of job design (Approaches)

Work simplification Job rotation Job enrichment Autonomous work team (empowerment) High performance work design Where high rate of innovation Operational freedom prevails

Job Analysis
Job analysis is a process in which jobs are studied to determine what tasks and responsibilities it includes, their relationship to other jobs, condition under which work is preformed and the personal capabilities required for satisfactory performance. Information about jobs is obtained through a process called job analysis. Job analysis is the series of activities undertaken to systematically obtain, categorize, and document all

The job analysis study attempts to provide information in seven basic areas:
Job Identification

Distinctive characteristics of the job

What the typical worker does What materials & equipments worker

uses How the job is performed Required personnel attributes The conditions under which the work is performed

Certain terms used in Job analysis and related stages in the job evaluation process
Element: The smallest unit into which work can be

divided. Task: A distinct identifiable work activity, which comprises a logical, and necessary step in the performance of a job. Duty: A significant segment of the work performed in a job, usually comprising several tasks. Post (or): One or more duties, which require the services or activities of one worker for their performance; Job: A group of posts that are identical or involve substantially similar tasks. Occupation: A group of jobs similar in terms of the knowledge, skills, abilities, training and work experience required by workers for their successful performance

Job Analysis

Job Description

Job Specification

Job Description
It is an organized factual statement of job contents in the form of duties & responsibilities. It involves describing the contents of the job in terms of-functions-operations-dutiesresponsibilities etc.

Contents of job description

Job title

Job summary
Job location Duties & responsibilities Machines, tools & materials involved Working condition Nature of supervision Relationship to other jobs

Steps in job description

Job analyst writes the job description after

consulting the employee and the supervisor. Gets the questionnaire filled by the immediate supervisor Completes job description by observing actual work being done All the information pertaining to the job should be collected from the concerned employee. Job description, after few drafts gets updated & finalized.

Job Specification
Content of Job Specification Physical characteristics in what chest vision hearing voice poise etc., Psychological-social characteristics Mental characteristics Personal characteristics, include Essential attributes Desirable attributes Contra indicators

Uses of Job Analysis

Organizational design Manpower planning

Recruitment and selection

Placement and orientation Training and development Job evaluation Performance appraisal Job designing Safety and health

Discipline
Employee counseling Labor relations

Techniques of data collection for job analysis

Interviews

Direct observation
Maintenance of long records Questionnaires

Critical incident techniques